Abafazi of the Decembrists

Russia ubomi kulinganiswa asiphethule ngo-1825, ngomhla we-14 kuDisemba. Ngale mini kwabakho uvukelo le Decembrists. Kwathiwa zicinezelwa kabuhlungu, uphando umdla 579 nxaxheba. Ezintlanu isigwebo sokufa, wagwetyelwa ukusebenza nzima abantu 120 bathunyelwa eSiberia. Emva kokuphela kwetyala, bonke abo bagwetyelwe ithe yaziswa izaphuli zezopolitiko efile ngokusemthethweni.

"Ukufa yezopolitiko" kwakuthetha ngoko ngokusemthethweni ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo onke amalungelo ngummi weli lizwe. Wabafazi Decembrists kwafuneka isigqibo ngakumbi nakwizibetho zabo. Bakwazi ukufumana umtshato okanye uhlale otshatileyo. Kwakhona, abafazi banikwa ithuba lokuba aye entolongweni abantu. I ezimbini wafaka for umtshato.

Modernity wayesazi amagama abafazi elinanye - ngamabelana njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo yokuqala Russian, i Decembrists - walandelwa babo besebenza nzima eSiberia. Babengekho le mibutho ifihlakeleyo, akazange athathe inxaxheba qhankqalazo, ke, wenza isenzo sobugorha.

Feat abafazi ye Decembrists ibonisa nje uthando lwabo kunye nokuzinikela kubayeni babo. Khokela uluntu ngelo xesha kakhulu isenzo sabo, amnike ngokubaluleka kwezentlalo nezopolitiko ebanzi. ngokuzithandela "swigevenga karhulumente", abafazi ye Decembrists, kwakunye amadoda abo, uthethile nxamnye serfdom kunye lobuzwilakhe, ningoyiki ukuphulukana iinzuzo zabo kunye namalungelo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Nicholas 1, ukudala zonke iintlobo ngeentlobo zemiqobo abafazi lokuhamba le Decembrists. Omnye yemiqathango ezininzi engqongqo siyahamba Russia kubantwana zaseYurophu.

Okokuqala waya endodeni yakhe Catherine Trubetskaya. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu, yena wavalelwa Irkutsk Tseydler (umbusi wendawo), ababekhonza imithi Tsarist ngasese kwaye wenze konke okusemandleni ukuze yakhe. Troubetzkoy kwafuneka ukuba asayine eziliqela izibophelelo leyo yabulibala amalungelo ezilula oluntu. Tseydler uthe uhambo neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa kwindoda yakhe kungathatha indawo kuphela eqongeni, ecaleni yomsebenzi onzima. Noko ke, Catherine Trubetskaya wayezimisele ukuhamba. Ekugqibeleni, waya endodeni yakhe.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1827 eSiberia, emigodini Nerchinsk emva Troubetzkoy weza Aleksandra Muraveva kunye noMaria Volkonskaia. Apha abafikayo wokuqala Decembrists abafazi baqalisa umsebenzi wabo wonke. Ekupheleni konyaka imigodi kwafika abanye abafazi: Alexander Yentaltseva Anna Rosen, Aleksandra Davydova, uNatalia Fonvizin, Elizabeth Naryshkin, Camilla Ivashov, Praskovya Annenkov, Maria Yushnevsky.

Zazinza "izaphuli karhulumente" ayengavunyelwa ukuzakhela ukubhala iileta. Wabafazi Decembrists esekwe ulwalamano kunye nezalamane amabanjwa. Igama Women yaba iimpapasho, kuquka amazwe.

Ufike kwabasetyhini eSiberia wahlala nje. Wona ngokwawo ukupheka, ukuhlamba, ukufudumeza isitovu. Kuyinto kwezi meko, intshisakalo abasebatsha ukuqonda ixabiso lobomi.

Umfazi ka Nikita Muravyov, Alexander, ukukhathaza ingozi, nayo kwaye sinikezelwe phezu kwemisebenzi Pushkin, ozinikeleyo Pushchin ( "umhlobo wam wokuqala," "eSiberia"). Ukuba ngexesha lokukhangela yafumana izibongo, uza kuba entolongweni.

Aleksandra Muraveva wayehlala eSiberia ixesha elide. Ebusika, ebalekayo tyaba kubantwana zegumbi nomyeni wakhe, wambamba kunomoya wafa kungekudala.

Kwakungekho kwi zokuhlala kunye nabafazi ababini (Troubetzkoy kunye Ivasheva). abafazi abathathu omhlolokazi; bavunyelwa ukubuyela emva kokuba amxolele jikelele ngo1856. abafazi ababini baya eCaucasus nabayeni babo (Naryshkin kunye Rosen). abafazi ezintathu wakhululwa - wabuyela emva uxolelo kwi inxalenye yaseYurophu kweli lizwe (Annenkov, Volkonskaia, Fonvizin).

Decembrists kunye nabafazi babo babuyela emva kweminyaka engamashumi zamakhonkco abazi kwezopolitiko. Ukuthiya kwakhe serfdom kunye lobuzwilakhe zenziwa kuyo yonke le minyaka.