Abaphumelele kwimbali Booker Prize

Ukunikwa Booker Prize - enye iziganeko zonyaka ibalulekileyo lemfundo. Kuye imbasa ukususela 1969 eyona IsiNgesi-zolwimi imisebenzi evela Commonwealth, Ireland kunye neZimbabwe. Noko ke, lo mgaqo yayikhona kuze 2013.

Ngo-2014 ibhaso okokuqala bala isikhonkwane ukuya kwendawo. Kuba omnye iimbasa ezininzi yodumo ehlabathini jikelele, enyanisweni, lonke ixesha. Ngoko ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba "iziphumo" ngeli xesha, phambi kokuba iBhaso Booker ngo-2014 wasuswa yonke imiqondiso yesizwe.

indaba

Booker Prize for Literature It laza kuqala eyanikwayo ngo-1969. Umqalisi kunye nombhali ngezimvo ibhaso yaye yaxhasa usomashishini IsiNgesi kunye van'wankumi Sir Michael Caine Harris. corporation lakhe Booker Group - umdlali owaziwayo kwicandelo kwinkonzo yaseBritani, abarhola izigidi uneemina. Kuye ube abaxhasi ibhaso boncwadi, ogama imbeko yakhe.

Ibhaso lokuqala, ukongeza udumo, bayithwala udibaniso yangamawaka amahlanu eemina. Kwixesha elizayo, imivuzo mali waya phezu ukunyuka - ezilishumi, elinesihlanu mabini amawaka.

Ngo-2002, ngenxa ngokuxhasa ibhaso Booker yadibana ngomnye ishishini - ingxilimbela, ezizezi Man Groop (Iinkonzo zeMali). Oku kwaqinisa eliphakamileyo waza wenza kube lula ukwandisa kakhulu isixa semali kuwongwa - up to amawaka mahlanu esihle ngeenyawo. Ukususela ngoko, igama ezisemthethweni ibhaso - The Man Booker Prize.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngo-2014, apho iphuma umda elalisakuba amathanga zaseBritani waza wavula ukuba ababhali naluphi na uhlanga. Umbandela - le ncwadi wakha yapapashwa IsiNgesi.

Ukwenza isigqibo odle

Fumana phakathi uncwadi multi-amaninzi yaye ubhetyebhetye usebenzo into ngokucacileyo ngcono, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuba nzima. Inkqubo enikezela Prize Booker yahlulwe kwizigaba eziliqela.

Eyokuqala ibandakanya ikomiti ukuqokelelwa lemfundo, abashicileli, arhente nonoolayibrari; Kwakhona wawufuna kukho abameli zombini iinkampani uxhasa eli bhaso. Aba bantu bathi le yijaji amadoda amahlanu (njengoko kwisigaba amanqugwala yoncwadi) kunye noluhlu lweencwadi apho ubuninzi - nekhulu iinoveli.

Ejaji for inyanga ababumba ebizwa ngokuba 'ixesha-kuluhlu "(ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu pieces), kwaye -" mfutshane-kuluhlu "(ezintandathu). Of iinoveli best ezintandathu ezikhethiweyo abaphumeleleyo lwexesha elizayo Booker Prize for uncwadi.

Akubuzwa, ukufumana ezona kuwo omabini amaphepha sele zindala kwaye okuninzi malunga nomgangatho umsebenzi umbhali uthi.

umnikazi lokuqala

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala Prize yanikezelwa uPercy Howard Newby, ungumfundisi ovela eCairo.

inoveli yakhe "Kuba kuya kufuneka ukuphendula" kuza eYiputa ngenxa yezizathu lobuqu waseBritani Taunrou ngegama.

Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe iiphiramidi wavuka ngokupheleleyo ngexesha elingafanelekanga, yaye oko ngexesha le ntlekele Suez, xa iBritani kunye France abazange bakwazi ukumxolela eYiputa uhulumeni Suez Canal , yemka yaya kulwa. Taunrou lijongene nemingeni emininzi, balapha intiyo. Njengomntu eliNgesi, efumana kwiinkalo zonke iinkqubo elalisakuba Empire British.

Yaba indoda elula yewayini ngaphambili lobukoloniyali kwilizwe lakhe kwaye umba ophambili kwinoveli. Kuba style mlonyeni kwaye kwiTV, ezele le ncwadi, Newby kwaye bephumelela iimbasa.

J. M. Coetzee

Ngowe-1999, yolwimi yaseMzantsi Afrika kunye nombhali Dzhon Maksvell Kutzee waba ngumntu wokuqala ukufumana imbasa yodumo ezinjalo kabini. Phambi naye soze kumakishwa kuwongwa Abaphumelele Booker Prize kabini, kodwa kweyela Long - okanye elifutshane-lwemisebenzi ku iminyaka eyahlukeneyo.

Ibhaso lokuqala Coetzee, ngowe-1983, xa waphuma inoveli yakhe elibukhali ekuhlaleni "Ubomi Times of Michael K.". Kulo umfana umama ogulayo uzama ukufumana indawo ukusuka imisebenzi emkhosini efama, Sathi sakubaleka ke kude Kapa. Lo mxholo uphambili yimbali yobomi bomntu ekuhlaleni kunye noxanduva lwayo phambi kwakhe, kwakunye noxanduva oluntu kumntu ngamnye. Coetzee ubuza umbuzo malunga apho iphela isithuba wabucala umphefumlo womntu kwaye iqala yakhe "ixabiso ekuhlaleni." Kakade ke, ukuba phezulu umxholo jikelele umlinganiswa jikelele zehlabathi azabonakala yiKomiti ngenxa Booker Prize; ingakumbi ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX.

Ibhaso lesibini Umbhali waseMzantsi Afrika afunyenwe inoveli yakhe "lihlazo". Kamva umsebenzi nxiba ne John Malkovich kwindima isihloko. Roman uyasibonisa ibali abathinjiweyo ukusuka eyunivesithi ukuba neentlobano zesini nomntu "obugolide" umfundi uprofesa, lowo eshiya ifama intombi yakhe. Emva kweminyaka nkqubo division urhulumente 'abamhlophe' yaye 'abamnyama' uMzantsi Afrika uza ngamaxesha anzima. Umlinganiswa oyintloko uya kufumanisa - nokuba a lot of umahluko phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama kunye nenzala ye ababevela?

Acute isihloko ngokoqobo emi phezu ivutha, nesitshetshe, kule ncwadi indulumbane ukusuka kakhulu omnye komnye, nomnikelo umfundi ukubona zonke iingxaki ngobuhlanga eMzantsi Afrika: ukusuka intiyo yabo bonke "nigger 'ukuba ivunywe ngokupheleleyo into yokuba bonke abantu, nangona umbala, iyalingana.

Ngowe-2003, Coetzee zilamkele ngeMbasa kaNobel Literature.

Piter Kerri

Umntu wesibini, abo batyelela Prize Booker kabini, yaba Australian Piter Kerri. Wakwazi ukuphumelela yona kwixesha yesibini ngo-2002.

Ibhaso lokuqala nanako 1988 ngenxa inoveli yakhe "Oscar and Lucinda", nto leyo ithetha ubhejo crazy phakathi umbingeleli kunye nomnini-mveliso yeglasi. Ngapha koko, ukuba Oscar uya kukwazi ukuguqulela kwenye isiqwenga bayimisa kwi iglasi ibandla Australian, uya kufumana yonke imo Lucinda. Kutheni? Ukuze ayinike kulungelwe amahlwempu ntweni, okanye ukuthoba kubo etafileni ikhadi? Ngo-1997 eli bali kwenziwa movie.

kwixesha elilandelayo, Carrie uwa kuluhlu lwe 'winner Prize Booker "ngenxa inoveli yakhe" Ibali lokwenyaniso abalisa Kelly, "apho uzama ukubonisa umfundi ngokubanzi ibali umlinganiswa impikiswano of lwemveli Australian. Enyanisweni, ababhali-mbali bathi - ngubani edume Ned Kelly, owaba waduma "indoda enhle" kwaye umnini yesikhumba isikrweqe ezinamagama - kumbulali nje okanye ukulwa nxamnye isithsaba British? Xa inoveli yakhe Carrie uzama ukunika impendulo kwaye uza kuguqulelo ukuhlehla: Ned Kelly lowo, njalo njalo. Iqala njenge wesihlangu elula, waphawula ngakumbi nangakumbi Australia babandezeleka phantsi kwedyokhwe Kulo amapolisa kumkani kaThixo, de ekugqibeleni wavakalisa imfazwe lobuqu Empire British.

Eleanor Catton

Booker Prize ngo-2013 yanikwa umbhali New Zealand Eleanor Catton. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iseke iirekhodi ezibini ezinxulumene le mbasa.

Okokuqala, Catton waba mncinane kubo bonke abaphumeleleyo ibhaso. Ngelo xesha unikezelo yena "kuphela" ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo. Okwesibini, inoveli yakhe "ukukhanya" ngalo mzuzu kuhlala msebenzi womthamo (iphepha asibhozo, anamanci mathathu anesibini), bazukiswa le mbasa.

Umlinganiswa oyintloko, Uolter Mudi, ifika eNew Zealand ngexesha lokulawula British of Queen Victoria. Yiloo xa waqalisa kwegolide, kwaye kwisiqithi esincinane abafuna ezingalibalekiyo imali lula. Nangona kunjalo, akukho imigodi yegolide kuya kufuneka uye Walter - akutsalwa kungena ukucaciswa iimeko uthotho ukubulala endimangazayo limangalisa, ukoyikisa bonke abantu New Zealand.

Mxholo kuba uphendlo creative Catton waba umbuzo inkanuko, ukubawa kufuneka imali. Umbhali kwabonakala ngobuqili kuyahambisana kuthi evela amaphepha encwadi, apho kukho abantu abazimisele ukwenza nantoni na ukuze ubutyebi, impumelelo - nasiphi na isono ayilotyala kubo, ukuba ekhokelela kwiinjongo zabo. "Kulungile, siza Ndinento okuninzi itshintshile?" - wayezibuza ukuba Eleanor Catton.

Richard Sonqishe

"Indlela ezi valiweyo Far North" yabhalwa ngumbhali Richard Flenaganom iminyaka elishumi elinesibini, yaye ngenxa Booker ngo-2014 waya kuye.

Le noveli ubalisa ibali kwinkampu POW Japanese ngexesha Second World War, apho amabanjwa kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukwakha enye 'igazi olambileyo "kaloliwe ezininzi ukusuka Thailand eBurma. Ukwenza le ndlela sibulele amakhulu amabanjwa, asingabo bonke wabuyela ekhaya.

Incwadi yokuqala singena ukuba ehlabathini eyoyikekayo eminquba ngesothuso, uze emva koko sikuvumela ukuba ubone oko kwenzeka kwabo asinda; ukuba kunjalo uyeke indlela yakho kweli hlabathi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu - kokuqhelekileyo ukuzibulala. Indlela fihla abalindi ubulungisa.

Kodwa ke, kuyo yonke le Sonqishe izama ukufumana ubuncinane into, ukuba akulungile, ngoko kunyanzeleke ukuba baphile. Le ncwadi imalunga ngokubambisana, ngovelwano kwaye izisa abantu nentlungu.

amasebe

Ngenxa yemigudu Michael Kane Harris Booker Prize Wasolula kwamanye amazwe. ezintathu-ekuthiwa "Isebe" weza nje ukukhanya ngenxa yomsebenzi Booker Groop. Man Booker International Prize kuwongwa qho kwiminyaka emibini ukususela 2005. Ngo-2007 kwakukho Asia Booker Prize.

Yaye ekubeni 1992 kukho kwakhona i "Booker Russian" njengoko umnqweno Kane ukuze sincede eli lizwe, kanye ihlaselwe ngababhali ezinkulu.

Ukufaneleka kwezi amasebe kunye nemisebenzi yabo ngakumbi emva kokuba utshintsho iimeko abaphumelele uvuliwe.

iziphumo

Kunzima ukucinga ukuba yintoni na ifuthe liya kuba phezu utshintsho kwi nemiqathango yokufumana umvuzo, nokuba yintoni na le Booker Prize. Abaphumeleleyo baye ebesoloko ngokusondeleyo kunye enxulumene ngokungatshintshiyo neBritani, kunye nemixholo yawo kunye nemiba. Imbali ubudlelwane phakathi kwe uBukhosi British amathanga kwakhona ngokuphindaphindiweyo waphakamisa phakathi kwabo.

Nakuba kunjalo, utshintsho zisoloko ukuba ngcono. Oku kubonisa iBhaso Booker ngo-2014 - abaphumeleleyo kunjalo, nangona lokutshona, ukuthetha malunga enye efanayo. Malunga ukubaluleka ubudlelwane babantu, ukuba kunjalo kufuneka ukuba ube ngumntu. Kwaye kukhethwa, umntu kunye ingqibelelo aphezulu. Le nto kufuneka ubonise iincwadi lenene, akukho nto apho ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe.