Abayingxenye: ntoni na? Yintoni ekufuneka abafuyi elakha?

Ukuba iintsapho kuye kwafunyanwa babomelele kunye nemveliso, beekeeper kuyimfuneko amaxesha ukutshintsha ookumkanikazi. "I-Queen" semizi ekugqibeleni ulahlekelwe ukusebenza okanye, umzekelo, abagulayo. Ngoko, kwi apiary hlala ookumkanikazi kancinane nanceba.

Lama - ntoni na?

Kuba umxholo ezongezelelweyo "ukumkani", kunye eemazi ludlolo kwi apiaries kusetyenziswa ezindlwini zazo uyilo ezikhethekileyo - umphakathi. osemqoka lwabo lokwahlula lincinane ngokubanzi ngobukhulu. Lama nga kubalwa umxholo omnye okanye ngaphezulu wesibeleko.

Izinto eziluncedo ze usebenzise

iinyosi ngaphambili ukuba ziqulathe ookumkanikazi kusetyenziswa ezindlwini becala zesiqhelo. Lwakutsha nje yahlulwe nje yangamacandelo eziliqela, iinotshi ngalinye amalungiselelo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le ndlela, umxholo yabanini abaninzi bamshiyayo apiaries nondlunkulu. Into yokuba ukusetyenziswa inucleus omnye kule meko inika ezininzi eziluncedo:

1. Isibeleko kakhulu ukumelana ubusika ngakumbi. Emva zonke umphakathi ezincinane, yaye ngoko, ubushushu igcinwa ngaphakathi kwabo ngcono.

2. Le uteri ziqulethwe nucleus, esibonakala imveliso enkulu. Uyilo ezinjalo jikelele umoya kakuhle. Kwaye oku, ke, kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko asuleleke leenyosi na izifo ezichaphazela uphuhliso.

3. Umphakathi ukuba ngemizobo ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwisiqulatho ookumkanikazi, badla zisetyenziswa izithole okanye izibatha izibawu.

Umphakathi bees: yeyiphi ingcono?

Ukuba oyifunayo, i beekeeper sinokuzuza kuyasetyenzwa ekhethekileyo iimazi, umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa Internet. Amaninzi iinyosi kuthenga babizwa ngokuba microcores. Kukho ezindlwini zazo ezinjalo akubizi - kuluhlu 650-700 kwi p. Amaninzi afumaneka kwi iimveliso Polish market Russian yale hlobo.

Bokwenziwa umphakathi mini ezinjalo iqanjwa istro nokuba feeder kunye izakhelo ezine (namaplanga usebenza). Izinto eziluncedo zezi zisele bakhathazekile ngokuyintloko ukuba sokuxazulula ukuswela kwabo okokuqala inyosi kancinane. Kwakhona iingenelo kwezi zakhiwo na ubukho Polish itephu umngxuma asezantsi. Nalo eli lungiselelo ngokweba iinyosi bakhe uju indlu abasemzini cishe engenakwenzeka.

Luncedo xa le mini-umphakathi kucingwa ukuba isibeleko akakwazi abagcine elide kakhulu. Buthani ukumkanikazi le semizi kufuneka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokukhulelwa. Isakhelo kwi mini-umphakathi ezincinane kakhulu. Kwaye ngoko ke isibeleko ngokukhawuleza uyahlwayela zabo kwaye uhlala "umsebenzi". Ngenxa yoko, "ukumkanikazi" awukwazi "ophephuka 'ukusuka endlwini yazo.

Ukongeza i-Mini, kwimarike namhlanje, kukho umphakathi ezinkulu, esilungiselelwe ulondolozo ookumkanikazi eziliqela. zilungiso ezinjalo babe inzuzo ukuba ingasetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko njengentsapho eqhelekileyo ezimpahla. Thabatha nukuleusov enkulu ingqalelo kwindawo yokuqala yokuhlala yabo kufuna okuninzi leenyosi.

Indlela yokwenza yakho: izinto

Ngoko ke, saxelelwa ukuba isiqalo. Yintoni na, ngoku uyazi. Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge ukuba kwakhiwe indlela kuyasetyenzwa wedwa. Eneneni, iivenkile ezobuchwepheshe, okanye zocweyo-mini, ukumelana izixhobo eyakha apiaries, kukho, ngelishwa, kungekhona kwilali yonke. Xa zi-odola i ngumongo nge-intanethi ukuze kwabathembele kuye, mhlawumbi, nalo ixesha elide.

Ekubeni ukwakhiwa ezi zisele ilula kakhulu, abafuyi abaninzi bakhetha ukuba ngumntu mithwalo okanye Ukufuna Ndithengisele iinxalenye olwalusele, ndinihlanganise kuzo wena.

Izinto zokwakha ngokuba nokuveliswa umphakathi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zezi:

• 40x40 mm bar ye isidumbu;

• izindlu MDF;

• amagwebu okanye zongezwe istro;

• ngamaplanga iindonga;

• piece intsimbi Isefu ukukhusela isiciko ukusuka ubumanzi;

• kaloliwe kunye ziphele.

Umphakathi of istro eyandisiweyo wafumana ifudumele zeentsapho. Noko ke, izinto ulula, yaye ngamanye amaxesha iinyosi baqale ukuhlafuna kuyo. Ukuthintela oku, sebenzisa umzimba ichipboard.

technology lokuvelisa

Elakha benze ngezandla zabo silula. Lo Endliwa semizi ezinjalo kunokuba ezininzi omnye okanye neemazi.

Kwahlelwa ukuba benze awabo izandla zenu kungaba, umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe zilandelayo:

1. Inqanaba lokuqala kwenziwa ngokubala iphepha istro kuqulunqwe pre-umzobo.

2. iindawo istro cut Okulandelayo.

3. Eziphelweni istro kwiindawo eziyimfuneko isale ngcina.

4. Iinkcukacha zivale icinezelwe nxamnye omnye komnye.

5. Yenza imigodi impompo-umngxuma.

Engqonge indlu zikhethwa kuxhomekeka kwinani neemazi. Kodwa umgangatho Isanti isiqalo - 570h450 mm. Ezinamanqwanqwa le uqwalaselo, xa ezi zinto zilandelayo ziya kuba lula ngakumbi ukuba isebenze.

Emva kokuba isiseko istro, sele ukulungele ukuqalisa ukuvelisa umzimba. Okokuqala ndiza kwisakhelo. Ke emazantsi eyayigcwele ezantsi. Kuyimfuneko ukulungisa yimiqolo phantsi hlulo (ezimbini kumgama milimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwesinye). Ngakumbi eyimitha eludongeni. Phakathi iziqwenga zifakiwe kwi emazantsi pre-cut zekhala ngamaplanga. Obbivat bokwenziwa nensimbi nesivalo. ukubolekisana phantsi kweyona notshi.

izindlu Ready ezifakwe istro amagwebu preform. Le yokugqibela angakha nje. Kodwa ke kubhetele ukuba ukufaka isiqalo ulungele ndawonye, umzekelo, ibhokisi ngamaplanga (kunye nomsebenzi owenziwa phantsi imingxuma notch). Kulo mzekelo, endlwini yazo iza kufumana ixesha elide kakhulu.

Nantso nje ndlela kwaye wakha umphakathi ukuba iinyosi ngezandla zabo. Ukuze sifudumeza ebusika musa ukulishiya umngxuma itephu ngezantsi nje phezu eludongeni indlu kufuneka uqhoboshele ejikelezayo amacwecwe amancinane ubukhulu ngaphezu ubukhulu le mingxuma.

Njani ukwenza?

Indlela yokwenza izandla zakho isiqalo yintoni jikelele, ke ngoku icacile. Kodwa njani ukwenza kakuhle yeenyosi? Elakha iinyosi ikoloni ngu kubuchwepheshe zilandelayo:

• (Usapho kufuneka malunga ml 200 umxube zilungiswe ngokomlinganiselo 1: 1) shelwe kwi isiraphu iindebe aft gumbi nucleus;

• zisuswa olulele iimazi ezindlwini zazo (in curlers);

• uvale una itephu (umoya kufuneka ihlale ivuliwe);

• kugalela nyosi semizi kunye izakhelo eziphambili ze ugalele zibe emanzini (ukuba baye baba amaphiko emanzi kwaye abavuki);

• shi iglasi (malunga 350 gram) eziyimfuneko Inani leenyosi;

• ezinamanzi isibeleko (ludlolo kuba ziphaphazele);

• kwesinye indebe ngaphakathi kwinucleus iinyosi.

Kwinqanaba lokugqibela ngumongo ikoloni wesibeleko. Iinyosi zithathwa ilungileyo endlwini yazo, leyo wakhuliswa kunye 'ukumkanikazi' omtsha.

Iimpawu wesiseko

Ingxenye ikoloni kwi isibeleko iinyosi engcono kakhulu intsha. Bona apha indlu ngesiqhelo ekwi kwikona qelele. Xa yeenyosi "ukumkanikazi" elula abahlala ngokuqhelekileyo iiyure 2-3. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinyosi ziye waziva abaziinkedama, kodwa akukabikho wabeka phantsi utywala.

Yaseburhulumenteni i "ukumkanikazi" ngokuqhelekileyo otyalwe akukho ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kweeyure 6-8 emva ekuzinziseni iinyosi ngokwabo. Sifuna umsantsa omkhulu kuzo zonke izinambuzane ubudala wabuyela endlwini yazo engundoqo. Emva kweeyure 6-8 umphakathi ziya kuba iinyosi kuphela abatsha.

Ngamanye amaxesha umphakathi iinyosi kubeka yaye nabani na. Oko kukuthi, ethabathela kumfana esa kwixhego. Kulo mzekelo, kungakuhle ukuba ahlale isibeleko phambi isiqalo iinyosi. Nezinambuzane kwasephakadeni, abantu babuyela endaweni yabo yokuqala yokuhlala, isiqalo kufuneka kangangexesha elithile ukuze kuziswe kwindawo epholileyo.

queens isiphelo

Kuse- ingxenye - inkqubo silula. Fumana iimazi lilalela apiary thile nzima ngakumbi. Ofakwe iinyosi ezinjalo ngokubanzi kwi zisele kwisakhelo-12 (ubuncinane we-8 izakhelo amantshontsho). Kule meko, besebenzisa obu bugcisa:

• zisuswe isibeleko yosapho omdala, kunye nenani leenyosi (2-3 izakhelo);

• wasiwa endlwini yazo entsha iintsuku ezimbalwa zokugcina ukuze bee bayilibale indawo endala;

• iiseli queen bee ziya- yatshintshelwa kwi "iseli";

• "Cell" kumphatha zinto zizise endlwini yazo.

YoTywala kunqunyulwa ngobunono ngemela phezu iiseli ebanzi ezikufutshane. Sika lobusi phantse yonke, ukuze kungabikho monakalo bedplate. I "iseli" iiseli ukumkanikazi babe ngendlela yemvelo - oko kukuthi, nkgqo okanye engile okungephi. Ngemihla zokuqala ezintathu isibeleko Upapashe anikwe ngokuzimeleyo. Kamva baqale ukondla iinyosi abasebenzi. Ngoko ke, ngo "iseli" ngamnye kufuneka abekwe, nentwana yencindi yobusi.

indlela echazwe ngasentla Yalungiswa neemazi fistulous. Kukho nezinye, iteknoloji elifuna kakhulu ngakumbi loo zizalele iinyosi. queens Sinus ukufumana indlela elula, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo musa ziyahluka imveliso ingakumbi enkulu kakhulu kwaye hayi.

Abohlukeneyo leenyosi semizi

Indlela yokwenza ngumongo nokulolonga njani, siye safumanisa. Ngoku makhe sibone lokususa indlela iinyosi ukusuka kuyasetyenzwa ukuya engundoqo. Lo msebenzi yenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Yena uya semizi;

• usiko umiselwe isakhelo aft kunye nencindi nomungu;

• dryer esilandelayo;

• phantsi sikhokelo emiselwe lenguqu;

• phakathi dryer kunye isakhelo ngasemva emisela inkqubo-sikhokelo ye-ngumongo.

Ngaloo ugcwalisa endlwini yazo ngokupheleleyo. INtsalela elakha iinyosi ziqhutywa nge lokuvula asezantsi.

iingcebiso ezakhayo

Ngokufuthi umphakathi ezigcinwe ezine "ukumkanikazi". Iimazi of semizi ezifana isetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ezintathu "Krol" ukuchitha ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo. Oko bafuduselwe kwezinye ezindlwini okanye ithengise. Enye bee kusala umphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, susa ulwahlulo ize idityaniswe lonke usapho isibeleko ezintathu ziinkedama.

endaweni yesiphelo

Kaloku, ngethemba, siya kuphendula umbuzo ongundoqo inqaku leyo nucleus. Yintoni na, ukwenza kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa eli ifowuni njani, kuyaqondakala. Kwaye ngoku uyazi ukuba injongo ekhethekileyo yale semizi, ungenza zombini sithengwe kwivenkile okukhethekile kwaye yokuyenza ngokwakho. isakhiwo elakha akukho ngokukodwa nzima. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - kulungile sifudumeza kuyasetyenzwa leenyosi nokuqinisekisa amandla esemgangathweni okwesihlandlo sokuqala. Kwaye ke, nina ngokusondeleyo kufuneka esweni neekumkanikazi nje semizi. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ukutyelela ngumongo ngokundwendwela ngosuku olulandelayo. ukuhlolwa na yonke imihla 2-3 wenziwe. Ingaba queens ivundiswe zidla ngomhla we-10.