Age of kwemvume.

Ubudala kwemvume - yobudala apho umntu uthathwa onesakhono sokuvumela ngokwayamana kunye nomnye umntu. Eli ligama yomthetho yolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa kunqabile lisetyenziswe amaxwebhu asemthethweni ngokuphathelele umsebenzi ngesondo. Kufuneka mazingabhidaniswa ubudala, iminyaka yoxanduva mthetho, ubudala, ukusuka apho ukusela, njl

Ubudala apho abantu ngesondo kumazwe ahlukeneyo inokuba nomahluko. Nakho ukuguqulwa nokuba Act uxanduva ngentlonipho kulo ziyahluka. Ngokubanzi, wabeka iminyaka umyinge yemvume ngesondo - ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-14 ukuya kwi-18. Sikwathathela nengqalelo iintlobo ukwabelana ngesondo nomntu yobudala phantsi-, ezifana ukophulwa entity trust. Isihloko enxulumene kancane kunye nobundlobongela ngezesondo. Ngamanye amaxesha izaphulelo zenziwa ngokuxhomekeke kubudala labantu abaye kunxulumelwano lokwabelana ngesondo kunye omnye nomnye (ukuba ubudala efanayo). Ngokubanzi, Kakade, kukho "amabala amhlophe 'abaninzi kulo mmandla mthetho. Le yunithi olusemthethweni impikiswano eshushu ehlabathini lonke. ukusuka ngamaXesha Aphakathi ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, nokuba kukho ungquzulwano phakathi imithetho yase kanye yendawo.

Yeyiphi into eqhelekileyo - phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi ubudala kwemvume ngesondo wahlala luxanduva usapho okanye Wabalwa ngokuhambelana nezithethe zesizwe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko kungqamane ukuvela iimpawu lokufikisa (exesheni emantombazaneni, ukubonakala iinwele zikawonke emakhwenkweni). ERoma yamandulo, kwagqitywa ekubeni amantombazana batshate ngoko nangoko emva ukufikisa. In uHesiod ngo "iMisebenzi Days" kusithiwa umntu atshate xa eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Le ntombazana uthatha umfazi, kufuneka ube neminyaka emihlanu ubudala ukuba yobudala apho njengoko iza ukufikisa.

yobudala lokuqala esemthethweni imvume iye yasekwa ngo-1275 eNgilani njengenxalenye umthetho ngodlwengulo. Ngenkulungwane ye-12, Gratian, umseki komthetho Canon e eYurophu, kwi "Ndiwise umthetho ka Gratian" echazwe yobudala umtshato phakathi kweminyaka 12-14, ngokusekelwe ukufikisa. Ngenkulungwane ye-16 emva kwexesha, imithetho ziye ngokubanzi kakhulu ngakumbi. Nasiphi na ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwi intombazana ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-10 kunokubangela nezohlwayo eziqatha, isohlwayo elindelwe ubuso esincinane ukulala intwazana eneminyaka 10-11.

Kufuphi benkulungwane ye-18 kwakukho utshintsho ezinxulumene ne kokufika kombono yiEnlightenment kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, apho abantu swi uphuhliso lwabantwana babo. Napoleonic Code ngo Ngo1791 wabeka isiseko esemthethweni ngalo mba ngokumisela yobudala lomtshato kweminyaka eli-11. Kodwa ke ngo-1863, ubudala yemvume ngokwesondo (amantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe) yandisiwe ukuya kwiminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Kanye France, amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu kwinkulungwane ye-19 kuye nayo inyukile ukuya kwiminyaka-13. ENgilani, neentlobano zesini kunye intombazana ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-13 njengento ulwaphulo-mthetho ezoyikekayo.

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kumazwe ibe neentlobano zesini nomntu oye bengekafiki yobudala efanelekileyo kuya kuthathwa njengolwaphulo. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo xa oku kufika Iminyaka yemvume (Russia walizinzisayo kwiminyaka eli-16), kwimiba eyahlukileyo kumazwe awahlukeneyo.