Al-haram Mosque e Saudi Arabia

Igama elipheleleyo Masjid al-haram. "Masjid" in Arabic - "isanagogi", ngoko kukho indawo apho ukuyinqula, "haram" lithetha "ezitokisini". Xa inguqulelo Russian izandi ngathi "Mosque Kwetsima".

Kaaba engcwele

Xa iziko le lokukhonzela adumileyo Kaaba - indawo yonqulo amakholwa eluhlobo isakhiwo cube-ezimilise, upholstered ngokupheleleyo ngelaphu omnyama, akukho mikhulu kwi ubukhulu: kangangeemitha ezili-15, 10 - ubude 12 - ububanzi. Ukwakhiwa yenziwa lenyengane kwaye ngaphakathi egumbini. Yayakhelwe umthunywa Ibrahim ngenjongo yokunqula abantu ngokudibaniselana uMdali welimiweyo - Allah. Ukususela ngoko, onke amaSilamsi awoyika uThixo, naphi na apho kuba, ulwaphulo umthandazo Wajika ukuya Kaaba. Temple of al-haram kunye Kaaba ezinxulumene ne omnye izithethe ibalulekileyo - Haji.

Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe Arab, engcweleni yokuqala nesiza Kaaba mihla ezibekwe Adam. Xa ithunyelwe ilizwe isohlwayo koMkhukula, kwakhona uAbraham wabuyisela loo ndawo yonqulo. Ngaphambi kokuba uThixo wathumela abantu Islam, kwakukho indlu abahedeni i Quraish. Emva kokuba eze emhlabeni uMprofethi Mohammad pbuh Kaaba yaba yindawo yonqulo for Muslims - qibla. umhlaba nganye mosque niche, okanye mihrab, nto leyo ibonisa indawo ye qibla ukuze imithandazo.

Enye yeentsika Islam - umthandazo

Ikholwa uqinisekile ukuba ndizele ugwebo kweli hlabathi ngenjongo eyodwa - ukunqula uSomandla. Zonke izenzo kunye weengcinga zabantu kufuneka adityaniswe kunye negama Allah. Kuba wonke isenzo kunye ilizwi lomkhonzi Allah uya kuphendula ngeMini Yomgwebo. Enye imisebenzi ephambili wonke Muslim ithathwa ukuba ixesha ezintlanu imithandazo. Kuyinto umthandazo, lwenziwa kwimo zokuhlamba (UmJuda) ngexesha elabelwe izihlandlo ezihlanu ngemini.

Xa nasiphi na isixeko, umiwe amaSilamsi kwaye kukho mosque, lo muezzin ukusuka minaret ibongoze othembekileyo, ukuba athandaze. Ngeli xesha, kubonakala ukuba ubomi uye wayeka, yonke into lizele ilizwi lisithi le adhan. Nasiphi na isixeko Muslim ngelo xesha eyeka flow yayo yesiqhelo, yaye abantu ngoku ukuba athandaze. Akukho imicimbi emhlabeni ingayeyona ibalulekileyo ngaphezu ngomthandazo. Ngenxa yokuba Qur'an oyiNgcwele, uthi omnye umthandazo rak'at eninzi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Indima mosque kubomi okholwayo

Mosque - le ndawo apho uyakhululeka ukusuka ezingenamsebenzi kwaye umhlala kunye iingcinga ongunaphakade. Kukhethwa ukuba enze umthandazo kunye nabanye abazalwana noodade kumasango mosque. Oku kubizwa ngokuba umthandazo ehlangeneyo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, njengoko Islam uye ngamandla indawo kwimbali, i lokukhonzela iye into enkulu nasiphi na isixeko apho abalandeli uMprofeti Mohammad pbuh wawuhlala

Etymologically, lo lokukhonzela - indawo apho benze sujud - prostration. Ukunqula umntu unyanzelekile kuphela Allah. Islam uyakwalela unqulo ngaphambi nabani. Oku, ngokokholo, isono esikhulu, yaye ibizwa ngokuba "Ukwenza amaqabane kunye noThixo."

Le lokukhonzela usoloko kudityaniswe imisebenzi yokomoya, yenkcubeko, intlalo nopolitiko. Ukususela ekuqaleni yonqulo zamaSilamsi wasivuna umthandazo kuphela. Ke washumayela ukholo, wancedisa amahlwempu, ukusombulula imiba ebalulekileyo yentlalo nezopolitiko.

Le lokukhonzela ibisoloko kwaye eyona njongo ekuhlambululeni kokubini ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Akavumelekanga ukuba angene endlwini uMdali emhlabeni ngaphandle ekuthobeleni ablution lokuhlambulula. Wamkelekile nawuphi na umsebenzi kwi ezithweni mosque, apho umntu kufuneka afumane umvuzo emva kokufa.

Iintsika ezine ukholo

Ukongezelela kumthandazo, a Muslim kufuneka enze imisebenzi ezine: bathi Shahadah - ubungqina sihamba, ukuba wenze lundwendwe - a Hajj eMecca, ukudla qho ngonyaka ngexesha elimisiweyo, angenise zakat - uthando kumahlwempu.

mosque Sacred

Okwangoku, ulahlulo nabasemzini ukusuka eRashiya ngaphezu abantu 20,000.

ngonyaka ngamnye kwi-Al-haram Mosque iza abalandeli ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 ka-Islam. AmaSilamsi amaninzi iphupho ngenye imini eze kuthandaza kule Al-haram Mosque (iMecca, Saudi Arabia). Le lokukhonzela iboniswe kwi-Quran ngqo izihlandlo ezili-15. Yena unembali esisityebi kunene. Le lokukhonzela omdala, isanagogi wasePalestina of Beit al-Mukaddas.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala al-haram yakhiwa ngo-1570 yaye njengangoku 4 entrance eziphambili kunye nomnye 44 ngaphezulu. Ngelo xesha lokuba sithandaze lokukhonzela ungakwazi ngoku 700.000. Ezilithoba zamaRoma 89 eemitha phezulu wayihombisa lokukhonzela iphambili nemigangatho emithathu. Kukho kwakhona anemifanekiso endlwini komhlaba, vula ukuya ngezonqulo kwi-veki. amandla ezimbini ezinkulu zikhanyisa ezintsonkothileyo. Yonke into eyakhiwe ngokungqinelana ngeteknoloji entsha kunye neendlela ezintsha: unomathotholo nomabonwakude, umoya. Oku kwenziwa kuphela ukwenzela ukunika ukuhlala ukhululekile ukuba abahambi. Nobukhulu al-haram kunye Kaaba ayikho ifenitshala osisityebi, yaye sahlala singabangenakumbi, nasebungcweleni yayo.

Eyona itempile emhlabeni Muslim

Masjid al-haram yahlukile kwezinye zamaSilamsi kweli hlabathi yomhlambi apha nyaka ngamnye Muslims ukusuka phezu komhlaba wonke, ukuze bawe phantsi phambi Allah, kwaye enze omnye yeentsika Islam. Amawaka abantu abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nobuzwe, ibala kunye nesimo ekuhlaleni ndawonye ukuzukisa uMdali wezulu nomhlaba, ukufunda izinto ezintsha okanye ukuba babelane ngamava abo kunye nolwazi kunye neengxaki zabo.

Emva wafa umprofeti lokugqibela Muhammad pbuh, wanyakamiswa umzimba wakhe bafudukela Medina, Al-haram (Saudi Arabia), waba Qiblah eqhelekileyo zonke Muslims.

Okokuqala, elandela umzekelo Mohammed, amaSilamsi wathandaza kwicala le mosque ka Beit al-Mukaddas eYerusalem, ngokunjalo amaYuda. Noko ke, amaYuda ngandlela zonke ngokuchaseneyo oku ukuba akonwabanga umprofeti omkhulu. Ke ngoko uThixo wathumela kuye isityhilelo ngokohlobo vesi 144 kwiSurah "Baqara", apho lo mprofeti babubonisa qibla single Muslim - Al-haram. Ukususela ngoko, amaxesha ezintlanu, izigidi zabantu abathi Islam yonke imihla, ajike le ndlela kwaye baphathwe ngomthandazo uMdali. Log kwi eMecca wavula kuphela amaSilamsi Orthodox, abeza apha ngenyanga 12 kwikhalenda Muslim.

kuvuselelwa

Njalo ukwandiswa nokuphuculwa lokukhonzela achithe imali eninzi. igalelo layo nje kuphela Saudi Arabia, nezinto onazo nokuphuhlisa zamaSilamsi iMecca kunye Medina, kodwa eYiputa, Iran, Turkey.

Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu - kwiindawo isanagogi zisilele kwemikrozo yeemoto - ezicwangcisiweyo ukucombulula ngexesha ngokutsha ngokwandisa iindawo areal. Ukuququzelela isixhaso abanquli e eMecca kwakhiwa umgca sikaloliwe olumanyanisa iindawo ezimbini zonqulo.

ixesha lokugqibela le lokukhonzela unenzondelelo zalungiswa lokugxininisa ekuqaleni 21 kwenkulungwane th, ukususela ngo-2007 ukuya ku-2012, nto leyo ekhokelele kulendawo banda ku 400,000 KM King of Saudi Arabia, ilitye-isimboli kwi ukunyuka kule ndawo wayebekwe khona. Eyona lokukhonzela ephambili al-haram Saudi Arabia iye yatshintsha ngaphaya ingqalelo. Oku kwenza nabani na, ngubani isigqibo ukutyelela kuyo. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ngoncedo imifanekiso ezininzi ukuze babone ubuhle mosque Al-haram (iifoto ezo ngezantsi). Ngokwembali le ukuvuselelwa lokukhonzela - kakhulu wamazwi. Kwakugqitywa zakhiwo kuye ngaphezu amaxesha amathathu anesiqingatha. Kwaye ngoku, uyacebiswa ukuba athandaze ingathatha 1.12 Mill. Thembekile, kwaye uzinikele zonke izakhiwo ngeenxa zonke, inani labathathi-nxaxheba ukunyuka ukuya 2.5 million.

Lokufakwa mosque 1979

Hayi yonke ulunge kakhulu. Ngowe-1979, balundwendwe emhla kwafuneka banyamezele yaxhuzula abangcangcazelisi nabafo abazizibambiso ngu abagrogrisi ngqo ngexesha Hajj. zivale Malunga namakhulu amahlanu amadoda axhobileyo ngokwabo ekwakheni njengemosque kunye minaret ukusuka ndingulo phezu netyala, ebekwe iimfuno zakhe ingumkhokeli juhayman al-otaybi. Undoqo izenzo zabo ukuba ezo ideologues of iingqikelelo ubudala, njengako ngaphambili kuza iMini Yomgwebo emhlabeni nihlambulule Islam Mahdi. Ngqo ephikisana abahlaseli ukuba ngaphandle ngokwabo nabaphathi bamaYuda kunye yayinqabile ukuba abantu benza imifanekiso yabantu, Saudi Arabia wenza ishishini kunye eUnited States, athengise ngayo neoli, nxamnye umabonwakude, zibhuqe ngokugqithisileyo ekuziphatheni. Abahlaseli ebizwa unqulo mission entsha - Mahdi kwi ezindongeni Kaaba. Yokuba baye bagqiba ukuphalaza igazi kwiLizwe oyiNgcwele, Adventure achaze nokungakwazi ukulunyamezela ingcinezelo yonqulo.

Ukulwa abahlaseli iiveki ngaphezu ezimbini de Masjid al-haram akazange wakhululwa ngokupheleleyo ezihangeni. abasemagunyeni Saudi akwazi ukumelana ngokwabo kwaye kwafuneka ukuba bafune uncedo isiFrentshi. Ukusuka France ngenqwelo iingcali ezintathu, ogama indima ayenza cebiso. Baye ke ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba inkululeko, njengoko non-Muslim. Xa uhlaselo yaphela, abagrogrisi iintloko ngezembe, kwindawo yembutho yesixeko. Kangangeminyaka engama-50 yaba yeyona esibi isohlwayo Saudi Arabia.