Aluminium chloride

Aluminium chloride ikwaziwa aluminium chloride, ukuba ityiwa iikhompawundi ezimbini - zehydrochloric acid, kwaye i-aluminiyamu ngokwayo. aluminium chloride has ifomula chemical AlCl3. Sublimation compound kusenzeka lobushushu 183 ° C - ukuba xi unalo ixabiso eqhelekileyo. Njengoko njengoxinizelelo olwandayo iziyobisi uqala ukunyibilika kubushushu ka 192,6 ° C.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, aluminium chloride enyibilikayo kakhulu isisombululo zolwelo, 44,38 grams ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo into yenzeka stogrammovom umthamo wamanzi kubushushu we 25 ° C. Haydrolisis kwenzeka izinto dymlenie umoya osele kwakhululwa HCl. Kule imeko anhydrous ngohlobo lwe-aluminiyam chloride i ziikristale ezingenambala enye, ezo kubushushu ka-440 ° C ukufumana iimpawu dimer - aguqulwa abe lulwelo okanye umphunga. Xa ukwandisa lobushushu ukuya 800-1000 ° C ubuncwane i monomer izinzile.

Eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo ukuvelisa ephindeneyo sesichengeni Cl2 CO kunye kaolin anhydrous kunye webauxite. Le yokusabela oluqhutywa kwemveliso yoshishino okukhethekile yamaZiko zam uhlobo. Kukwakho nezinye iindlela yokulungiselela, umzekelo, indlela boron trichloride-aluminiyam phosphide ngexesha indlela eyenziwa kubushushu ka-900 ° C, iziphumo ekubunjweni aluminium chloride. Zonke abasabela ezinxulumene ne ekufumaneni umchiza yenziwa phantsi ezimanyumnyezi ukunciphisa, leyo iphumele carbon.

Anhydrous aluminium chloride into awasabela ngayo kunye nenani zombini organic kunye nezinto ezingaphiliyo. Nge ezingaphiliyo it yakha adducts ezifana NH3. -Aluminiyam eziphilayo iintlobo chloride i chloride asidi, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo esters.

Crystallization evela izisombululo zolwelo kukhokelela eqinileyo emthubi-ezimhlophe ephandle uzuza fluidity yi - aluminiyam chloride hexahydrate.

Aluminium chloride kuvala buyafuneka ekuqhubeni kuyondelelaniswe eziphilayo, oku bakhonze umzekelo ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngexesha imisebenzi Friedel-wezandla nje. Kusebenza eliphakathi kwi haydrolisis ekuveliseni aluminiyamu A1 wedwa kunye nolungiselelo A1 umgangatho ultrapure. hexahydrate isicelo, kwakunye izisombululo zayo eziqhelekileyo processing iinkuni, ubugcisa unyango amdaka.

Ekubeni aluminium chloride lisetyenziswa kwi abangakwaziyo industrial kuqoqosho, imveliso yayo yonyaka liyanda ehlabathini kwaye mzuzu umzekelo lamawaka 200 neetoni.

Okwangoku, eyona kwemfuno aluminiyam chloride kwiindawo ezifana imithi kunye namakha. Le into lisetyenziswa kwi ezivelisa amachiza ukuba ukulwa hyperhidrosis - yandisa umzimba ukubila. Yayo ithe - aluminiyam chloride hexahydrate Etiaxil - isetyenziswe njengendawo isiseko esiyimfuneko ukulungiselela ukwenziwa deodorants kunye antiperspirants. Xa uhlobo yayo enyulu, le nto a ziikristale enemibala emihle, kunye ifomula yayo ngemichiza kubhaliweyo njenge H12AlCl3O6. Ukusetyenziswa kweli kufuneka ikhatshwe ngokuqaphela okukhulu, njengoko unobangela hyperhidrosis inokuba ezahlukeneyo zinto: luvo kunye edokrinnye ukuphazamiseka, isifo sezintso kunye nezinye. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ungaveli yithenge usebenzise nantoni na equlethe yinxalenye hexahydrate Etiaxil, nangona into yokuba xa ubani pfuna, kwezinye imeko luya kunceda. Into yokuba kukho iindidi indibanisela lwendibaniso hexahydrate kunye namanye amacandelo ingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke ezi zithuthi.

Ukuze ufumane isiphumo esifunwayo kwi ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kwaye imixholo Etiaxil, kufuneka ukhethe kanye kwabo, banikwe iimpawu uhlobo ulusu ngalunye kunye neqondo ukubonakaliswa potlivsti.