Amanqaku akuphazamisi mbono?

Abanye abantu bakhetha ukunxiba iindondo amaxesha ngamaxesha. Oku kungenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo: umntu engonwabanga kuzo phezu umntu wagculelwa, umntu akayithandi ubuso ebunjiweyo iindondo zakhe. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo ayikho ubuhle nje kunye nentuthuzelo. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba imbono ukuba izibuko imoshe umbono ukuba zonakele rhoqo.

Ngo-2013 kwathiwa ekupapashweni kweziphumo zophononongo yenziwe eNigeria. Phantse ama-65% abafundi abathatha inxaxheba kwisaveyi babekholelwa ukuba iindondo kakubi impilo amehlo. E Pakistan, imbono efanayo kwabelwana yi-69% yabantu, nakwimo Indian Karnataka - 30%. E Brazil, ngoko cinga nokuba oogqirha. Ngaba kukho nasiphi na isizathu sokuba le mbono?

Abantu kufuneka banxibe iindondo kakhulu kungenxa yezizathu ezibini - ezikude kunye ukubona. leengxaki lokuqala kwiimeko ezininzi ibangelwa utshintsho ezinxulumene-ubudala. Kwiminyaka 40-50, abantu abaninzi qaphela ukungaboni, ubunzima ekufundeni, umzekelo, ekukhanyeni low. Inkqubo ukuguga kuchaphazela imeko ilens iliso, iyenza ngaphantsi ilastiki, kuba uthintela refocusing xa umgama ukuya into. Kufuneka ukuba bathenge iiglasi ukufunda xa musa ukuvumela izandla zakho yokutyhiliza umgama efunekayo amehlo incwadi okanye i menu.

Isimanga, iziphumo kunye neziphumo iindondo wear ixesha elide kakubi efunda. Ngokutsho inkcazelo ekhoyo, enxibe iiglasi aluchaphazeli umbono ukufunda. Kutheni abantu abaninzi kangaka bakholelwa okwahlukileyo?

Kuthathwa ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha kwandisa ukuxhomekeka nezipili kuba ilens kuya yathotywa. Abantu baya waguqukela iingongoma, sigqibe ukuba unobangela ngokonakala kwamehlo, nangona ukuba ikhonkco izihlanganisi ezifana engekhoyo.

Nge umbono wexesha elide kwaye ayinamsebenzi, anxibe iiglasi okanye hayi. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba amehlo akho njengoko ufunda, usenokuba ebuhlungu okanye kabi emehlweni.

Ngaba angafundisi izibuko mbono? Ingxaki kokulungisa echanekileyo

Xa sijonga abantwana, lo mbuzo uya kuba ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba abazali umntwana umntwana uya ukuchola izibuko engalunganga okanye musa khetha konke konke, qiniseka apho kuya kubakho imiphumo.

Kangangexesha elide sasikholelwa ukuba xa ukubona kuzisa olungileyo ngakumbi enxibe iindawo ezibuthathaka njengoko zobude kancinci lweliso lakho liya kwenzeka, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nombono luzizi. Le ngcaciso le ngxoxo ilandelayo: xa umntu unxiba iiglasi, ekhethiweyo ngokungqinelana iresiphi, xa egxininisa kwisifundo kufuphi lweliso lakho liya kuzama kusolula, kwaye yiloo nto kufuneka ukunqanda.

Uphando olwaqhutywa ngo-2002 e-Malaysia, wabonisa besimo lo mbono. Oko kubandakanyeka abantwana 94 kwafunyaniswa ukubona, baye bohlulwa ngamaqela-2. Ngo elinye iqela labantwana uyichole izibuko ngokungqinelana kagqirha kwelinye - buthathaka ngaphezu kuyimfuneko. Ekuqaleni yophononongo kweminyaka elithoba ukuya elinesine. Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo zaye Wabulinganisa ke ubude lweliso lakho emva kumathuba athile kwexesha. Uphononongo lwabonisa ukonakala umbono kunye zobude olukhulu lweliso lakho ebantwaneni esasifake amanqaku ngokuncipha.

Epapashwe ngo-2011 ngokutsha Cochrane (review data ulungisa umbutho ngamazwe zoluntu oogqirha abaqeqeshwe kakhulu - Cochrane Collaboration) izifundo abantwana unesifo "ukubona" bagqiba ukuba amancedo enxibe iingongoma ezifanelekileyo, hayi buthathaka.

kupapashwa Kutshanje, emide kakhulu kwimbali yokufunda yeminyaka engamashumi-ezintathu ukubona ngokuqhubekayo ithi into eyahlukileyo. Ngowe-1983, isifundo Finnish ababandakanyekayo amaqela amaninzi abantwana myopic, lahlulwe ngezizathu ezininzi. Group, apho abantwana bafunda ngaphandle iiglasi, wabonisa iziphumo lingenamandla, ukungaboni kakhulu ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nabo basoloko enxibe iindondo. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, bonke abantwana kufuneka unxibe iindondo rhoqo wanikwa. Ngokutsho siganeko kwiminyaka engama-20, umahluko phakathi kwala maqela azizange zichongwe.

Ngokutsho izibuko ezaziwayo-kakuhle ugqirha wezifo ukuba ukhethe ngokuchanekileyo, abanakubenzakalisa impilo iliso.

Into izicacele zonke, kutheni umntwana yamehlo kufuneka banxibe iindondo. ngenxa Amehlo akhe, kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yoqeqesho, ukunqongophala iingongoma ezikhethiweyo kakuhle kunokubangela uphuhliso amblyopia, ebizwa njalo-"iliso ivila", ngokuba kwiretina akukho amava ekuveliseni imifanekiso ecacileyo kwaye ichanekile. Ngaphezu koko, siye safumanisa ukuba ezikhethiweyo ngokungqinelana iindondo imithi ukunyusa isantya sokufunda nokunciphisa amathuba yokuvela strabismus.

Kodwa ke makhe sibheke abadala. Le ndawo underexplored. Ndafumanisa ukuba uphando olunjalo yakubambelela.

Ngokutsho gqirha Morfildskoy Hospital Eye e London, uNjingalwazi Ananth viswanathan, izifundo azifumaneki, njengoko kukho isizathu sokucinga ukuba iindondo akuphazamisi umbono.