"Dirk": isishwankathelo esifutshane. Rybakova "Dirk": ukuphinda kufutshane komsebenzi

Izizukulwana ezininzi zabantu ebuntwaneni zifunda i-novella ka-A. Rybakov "Dirk" - incwadi yokuqala ye-trilogy ethi "Dirk" / "Bronze Bird" / "Shot". Zonke ezi ncwadi zibhekiswe kulutsha. Uhlobo lwe-movie yesenzo ekhethiweyo ngumlobi luhambelana nolu hlobo lwabafundi. Isalathiso sebali lichanekile kakhulu, lithatha kwimimiselo yokuqala yokufunda. Umxholo wale nqaku sisishwankathelo esifutshane sebali esilungiselele ibali elikhankanywe ngasentla.

Rybakova "Dirk" emva nje kokubhalwa ngo-1948 iminyaka emininzi yatshatyalaliswa ngumfana.

Umlobi we "Kortika" ubhale iintonga zeencwadi

Ubomi obungaphambilini buka-Anatoly Naumovich? Umbhali uRebakov (Aronov) akakwazi ukukhanyela isibindi, okanye i-acumen yezoshishino, okanye ubulumko buntu. Xa eneminyaka engama-22 engaphethwanga ngokunyanisekileyo, wabanjwa ngo-1933, kuthiwa yi-propaganda ye-counter-revolutionary propaganda, kwaye ngo-1941, ngenxa yamandla nokuzinikela, wabamba isikhundla senkosi yaseRyazan yolawulo lwezothutho lwezothutho. Imfazwe yadlula esuka eMoscow iya eBerlin, ibe yintloko, inkulu yecandelo leenkonzo zengxowankulu. Ibinzana elithi "Umntu onetalente unetalente kuyo yonke into" malunga neRybakov.

Ukuvuselelwa ngo-1946, u-Anatoly Naumovich wanquma ngokukhawuleza ukudala ibali. Eli nqaku lizama ukubonisa umfundi ngesishwankathelo esifutshane. Rybakova "Dirk" (lo ngumsebenzi wokuqala womlobi) wabonisa uluntu jikelele ukuba italente entsha enamandla iye yafika kwiincwadi zaseSoviet. Kwaye kwakuboniswa ukuba le talente ehlombe eliphezulu lomoya wabantu.

Namhlanje italente yombhalo wombhali ongabonakaliyo u-Anatoly Rybakov akaphikisana nantoni na. Ngomso wangena kwingqolowa yeencwadi zehlabathi, i-tetralogy yakhe edumileyo "Abantwana beArbat" kunye nencwadana ephawulekayo ngemithombo yamaYuda "iS sand Sand".

Inkalipho ye talente

Makhe sikhumbule enye inyaniso kwi-biography yakhe. I talente yangempela akumele ingcangcazele phambi kwamandla kweli hlabathi. Kule nto, u-Anatoly Naumovich wayeqinisekile. Ngoxa wayesebenza kwi-Children of Arbat (eyapapashwa kamva kumazwe angama-52), wazama ukufaka intonga kumavili ngaphandle komnye umbhali othembekileyo weengoma uSergei Mikhalkov: "Ngaba uyaphikisana ngoStalin?"

Impendulo evela ku-Anatoly Rybakov yayisondele kwaye iphelele: "Emva koko, uTolstoy uphikisana noNapoleon!" Lo mntu, owayedlwengulwe ngaphambili, wavuka xa ezama ukumtshabalalisa; Wayengafihlekanga ngaphambili; Akazange aguqe intloko kwaye kamva - de kube sekupheleni kwemihla yakhe.

Kwaye emva kwemfazwe, umkhosi wasemagqabini wagqiba ekubeni abhale ibali malunga nobuntwa bengaphambi kwemfazwe, ngokucacileyo ukuba ebhalile isishwankathelo esifutshane kwisiqulunqo. Rybakova "Dirk" ayinqabile ngokubanzi kwiincwadi zeSoviet, icebo kunye nesingqisho se-militant, eqinisweni, eyayikuthandwa ngabafundi kwaye yabangela negalelo ekudaleni ifilimu yebali. Emva koko, u-Anatoly Naumovich wayeyindoda enobuchule kunye namandla.

Ukucwangcisa icebo

Inxalenye yokuqala yencwadi isingenisa kumoya wama-1920. Ukukhumbuza ngokufanelekileyo umfundi: isenzo sebali liqhubeka ngexesha leMfazwe yombango, ebeka umxholo kwisishwankathelo. Rybakova "Dirk" ngokukhawuleza, ukusuka kwimeko yokuqala, isingenisa kumntu oyintloko, inkwenkwe uMisha Polyakov. Le Muscovite (uMuscovite naye ungumbhali webali) uhlala kunye nomkhulu wakhe kunye nogogo kwidolophu yesifundazwe saseRevsk. Uyise kaMisha wabulawa kwi-tsarist nzima yomsebenzi, unina, owayesebenza kwifayili yokugqoka esuka ekuseni kwaze kwaba sebusuku, wayenzima. Abazali bakhe bathatha le nkwenkwana ukuba zizondle kwaye zibukele.

UMisha Polyakov wayengumntwana okhutheleyo, ophilayo. Le nkwenkwana yavuka kusasa ngaloo nto, apho ibali elithi "Dirk" liqala khona. Isishwankathelo esifutshane (A. Rybakova asinakuhlwayelwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka) siya kuqhelanisa nengcamango yenkwenkwezi: ayikwazanga ukunqumla i-flap kwikhamera, ukwenzela ukuba ekugqibeleni enze i slingshot.

Kule meko, ngokuthanda kwamathuba, ubona into eyayingasetyenziselwa amehlo akhe. Kwaye oku kusebenza njengeqhinga lebali. Kuhle, kufuneka uvumelane, ukuba uzive ulolu hlobo lwenkcazo kwinxalenye yombhali. Ubuncinane, oku ku thembisa. Yintoni uMisha ayibona? Ummelwane wakhe nonina nomkhulu wakhe, umkhumbi wamatyela asele umhlalaphantsi uSergei Ivanovich Polevoy, uzama ukufihla into engenanto yezindlu. Le "nto" ichaza i-cortex yegosa le-trihedral kunye nenyoka yethusi ejikeleze ithambo lokuphatha.

Field Field

Enyanisweni, kwiiRebvsk maxesha awazange abe neyona nto inqabileyo: kwii-bandits zesithili ezisebenzisayo, ngokubhekiselele kweso sixeko i-White Guard zizama ukugqithisa. Iimpawu ezintsha zithengwa ngongoma yebali elithi "Dirk". Isishwankathelo (A. Rybakova sichaza ubuchule bokuzicwangcisa) ngeenkcukacha zechungechunge ziya kusixelela ukuba inkokheli yamaqhawe uValery Sigismundovich Nikitsky ungumnikazi wesigxina kwaye unqwenela ukuzifumanisa.

Kucacile, kukho imfihlelo kunye nesixhobo. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, uNicitsky wayephethe igosa elwandle ekhuphekileyo njengomkhumbi uSergei Polev, umkhosi wamaRoma uMmpress. Wabulala lowo owayengumnikazi we-dirk, igosa lelo nqanawa. Umkhumbi woMkhumbi wazama ukuyeka ukukhwabanisa, kwaye banamathela ekulwa. Nangona kunjalo, le ngqungquthela yenzeke kwiimeko zemfazwe, kwaye ukuqhuma ngokukhawuleza kwawagxotha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, washiya esinye isondo kunye nomnye.

Ingqumbo engaqondakaliyo

Ukuza kunye nabagcini be-White White kuRevsk, uNicitsky kunye namaqhawe akhe bazama ukuqonda i-cortex, kodwa akaphumelelanga. UMisha uya eMoscow nonina. I-Field Sailor imnika umlenze. Le nkwenkwana ifihle kwikheromethi. Ngaphambi kokunikela, uSergei Ivanovich wamxelela oko wayesazi malunga nomlenze.

Isibambiso salo sinyathela, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi isitya esinefayili. Isihluthulelo kule khowudi, ngokusobala, sikwi-scabbard. Ukufumana i-blade kunye ne-scabbard ngexesha elifanayo kuyimfuneko efanelekileyo ukuyiqonda. Ucaca ngokucacileyo imfihlelo ethile, njengoko kwimbali engaqondakaliyo umnyango ovaliweyo ovaliweyo uvula impendulo yephasiwedi.

Isishwankathelo ("Dirk" Rybakov ukususela ngoku kuya kuba mnandi ngakumbi) ngoku uya kusiyisa eMoscow, ukuya egcekeni kwiArbat. Kukho indawo apho uMisha nonina bahlala khona. Umtya wendoda, efihliweyo nguMisha, ufumene indawo yokukhusela endaweni eyimfihlo, emva kwekhabethe. Nangona kunjalo, umkholosi uSergei Ivanovich Polevoy wachaza inkwenkwe ukuba uNicitsky owayengumkhwenkwezi wayenomdlali onqwelwe naye, ebizwa ngokuba yiFilin. Kwakuyintambo yangempela yokufuna uphando. Le nkwenkwe ikhumbule ukuba endlwini yakhe iphila nje indoda enegama elifanayo. Wabuza umama wakhe uAgrippina Tikhonovna waza wafumanisa ukuba uFilim uye wafika eMoscow evela eRevsk.

Kwakhona inkwenkwe ngoncedo lobuqili olufunde malunga nenkonzo yeFilin kwiNavy. Unyana wakhe uBorka, ogama lakhe linguZhila (wayeyindoda ebengumntwana, wayethengisa ugwayi kunye neesekese kwimarike), wayenomdla kumdlalo wokudlala ngomdlalo "wobomi bomkhumbi". Yena ngenxa yeepropthi zazisa i-ribhoni kunye nombhalo othi "uMmpress Maria". Ngaloo ndlela, iziphakamiso zikaMisha zifumene ukulungiswa.

Umxholo wobuhlobo

Kwaye umbhali wakwazi ukubonisa ibali leembali zomdlali oyintloko kunye noontanga bakhe: uGenka Petrov (unyana wengcali yamatshini) kunye noSlava Eldarov (unyana wenkokheli oyintloko yemboni). Babengabahlobo abathathu-abayikuchitha amanzi.

Sekunjalo iveli ephawulekayo yenziwe ngumlobi uRebakov AN - "Dirk". "Ndiyayiqonda njani ukuba ubuhlobo bokwenyani" - iincwadana kule ngxaki zaye zaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo ezikolweni. Kutheni thina? Ewe, ukuba incoko enjalo ingabhalwa ngokugcwele, kuthatha njengesiseko sobuhlobo bukaMishka, uGenka no-Slavka. Emva koko, ubuhlobo obuqinileyo buqala ngokusesikweni ukususela ebuntwaneni kwaye buhlutha kuwo wonke umphefumlo. Olu buhlobo ludibanisa nombhali kunye neontanga zakhe kwiArbat yard. Akuyona ingozi ukuba uA. Rybakov, ngomfanekiso ka-Slavik Eldarov, wazisa iimpawu zendalo. Emva koko, uyise ka-Anatoly Naumovich, njengoSlavik, wayengumongameli oyintloko kwimveliso.

Ukuthetha kwethu

Ngokuphambene nebali likaAnatoly Naumovich, isishwankathelo sethu ibali. Rybakova "Dirk", ngokuqinisekileyo, ngakumbi, ngakumbi kunomdla, kubanzi ichaza icebo. Kwimbali kukho ezininzi izinto ezibonakalayo ukusuka kwimbono yenkcazo yobugcisa esicetyiswa ukuba singabandakanyi kwibali. Emva koko, kufuneka ukuba ngentetho ibe mfutshane. Ngokukodwa, asizange sifake kule nqaku inkcazo yeRevsk kunye neziganeko kuyo. Sathula kwimbali yethu malunga nenkundla ekhethekileyo yeArbat yokuqala kwekhulu lama-20 kunye nenhlangano yecala loovulindlela ngabahlobo abathathu: uMishka, Genka no-Slavka. Konke oku kungafundwa kuphela ngokufunda okupheleleyo. "UDerk" UNY Rybakov, umphathi wegama lobuciko kunye nokwakha isakhiwo, wabhala ngokuzimela. Siqinisekile ukuba emva kweli bali uza kufuna ukufunda zombini "iBronze Bird" kunye "Shot".

EMoscow. Icandelo lesibini nelesithathu lebali

Masibuyele kwisiqalo somsebenzi wokuqala we-AN Rybakov. Abahlobo abathathu bakwazi ukulandelela phantsi ukuba iFilin kwikona efihliweyo yendawo yokugcina igcina ezinye iibhokisi ezinzima, ezifana neenqindi. Apha, kwinqanaba lomntu owayedume, omnye usuku inkokeli yegundane, uNicitsky Valery Sigizmundovich, waqhubeka. Bobabini bahamba baya kwisitolo se-philatelic. Apho, indoda endala, inkosi yayo, yayigcina ingxoworha emlonyeni. UAnatoly Rybakov wachaza ukuyila kwabo. Ukuphinda kulandelelaniswe okufutshane (umsebenzi kwi-original wayichaza idibanisa ngokubanzi) kwento ekuthethwa ngayo kwibali malunga ne-scabbard inokufaniswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: uxhulumano oluqinileyo lwamacwecwe ajikelezayo afana ne-fan (kwifom ehlanjweyo-emacaleni), ibhinqa libaqinisa, kunye nebhola elungiselela inxalenye ecacileyo.

Amakhwenkwe akwazi ukuqwalasela inkqubo yendibano, eyenziwa ngumnini wevenkile ye-philatelic. Ukwenza oku, bafaka ibhokisi yebhengezo engafanele phambi kwefestile yevenkile (eneefowuni ezifakwe emacaleni omabini e-barbarrow, kunye phakathi, ukubeka umbonisi). Baye bancedwa bekuncedwa kwaye beva indlela iFilin, eya kumnini wevenkile, wayethetha ixesha elide naye kunye nenkohlakalo eyimfihlakalo eyinkimbinkimbi.

Lawulo lweShear

Abantwana basebenzise ukuba i-scabbard idluliselwe ngumnikazi wesitolo kwi-Filin kunye nakwi-Borya Filin (unyana we-former batman).

Kwesine sesahluko sebali, abafana baye bahluma icebo lokubamba isikhala, bedlala ngokukrakra kwe-young huckster-Borki. Ngelo xesha wayephethe i-scabbard kumnini wesitolo ku-uyise, abafana bamnika ukuba athenge i-barbarrow ngentengo. Ngethuba bebethandana, iqabane labo, owayengumfana olahlekileyo owayesebenzile izakhono zamasela esikhathini esidlulileyo, engazange ayibambe i-scabbard evela eBorka aze azinikele kubafana.

Isiqendu sesihlanu. Ukungaphumeleli kwengqiqo kunye noncedo olukhawuleza

Abafana baqala ukufunda iincwadi malunga neikhowudi, kodwa izinto azizange zihambe kakuhle ... Umxholo omfutshane webali likaRybakova "Dirk" ngoku uya kuchaza enye ingcamango yokukhangela kwabo. Ngethuba, kwavela ukuba umlawuli wesikolo u-Alexey Ivanovich waqaphela i-cortex. Kwaye amakhwenkwe, enetyala lokufunda incwadi malunga nezicatshulwa kwisifundo, athuliswa ngu titshala. UAlexey Ivanovich, onolwazi lwenkqubo, wayigqiba incwadi ebhaliweyo kunye ne-scabbard. Yathi i-handle ye blade nenyoka yayisisiseko somatshini kwezinye iwashi eza kufuneka ziqaliswe. Umlawuli waqaphela ukuba ishishini lithatha ingqalelo enkulu, ngoko wazisa abafana kunye "nendoda evela kuPetrovka," oko kukuthi, umphandi we-NKVD, uCrarade Sviridov. Umlawuli ufumene kwirejista ngolwazi malunga neqhawe "uMmpress Maria" lokuba igama legosa elifileyo, umnini wendoda, yayinguTerentyev.

Abafana bajonga njani intsapho yaseTerentyev? Ngale nto, siya kuxelwa umxholo omfutshane webali elithi "Dirk". I-Rybakov inomdla ngokucacileyo malunga nophando oluqhubekayo lwabafana. Bakha ingqungquthela, bacebisa ukuba igosa elifileyo laliqhelana neentsapho ze-Admiral Podvolotsky, umzukulu wakhe ofundelwa kwiklasi yaseMisha. Uqikelelo luqinisekisiwe. Umhlolokazi we-admiral wavula ibhokisi ngeencwadi, apho kwafunyanwa khona iileta ezivela kwi-correspondence kunye neTerentyev. Kwakhona watshela abafana ukuba uKicolsky wabulawa yigosa uTerentyev, umkhwe wakhe, umkhwekazi. Ngolu hlobo lulandelayo kwiilalesi kwiileta, intsapho yaseTerentyev yayihlala ePushkino.

Inxalenye yesithandathu. Ukuchazwa kweemeko zobugebengu

Masiqhubeke nesishwankathelo se "Dirk" (Rybakov) kwizahluko, zihambisana nomyalelo wazo. Abafana beza ePushkino, apho bafumana khona indlu apho umama wegosa elifileyo ehlala khona, uMaria Gavrilovna Terentyeva. Nangona kunjalo, bamangaliswa, akukho mnye ngaphandle kukaMnu. Nikolsky owayephuma emnyango wakhe. Le meko yathatha ukuguquka kwingozi, kuba uphando olongezelelweyo lwabasongela ngokuxhatshazwa ngokubambisana. UMisha wabika isiganeko kuCrarade Sviridov. Wacetyisa ukuba abafana ababesayi kuPushkino.

Ukuvalelwa kunye nokulwa

Umkhokeli ogcinwe iimbopheleleko, ephikisana nezimangalo ezenziwe ngaye, wathi unomntu ohluke ngokupheleleyo, igama elifanayo lommangali - uNicolsky Sergey Ivanovich. Nangona kunjalo, i-bandit yayichaswa ngumxholo oqinileyo wobungqina, oqokelelwe yimigudu yabakhwenkwe, okwakuthi uNicolsky akazange akrokre. Indima ebalulekileyo yokulwa nalo mzekelo ilandelela umxholo omfutshane webali elithi "Dirk". I-Rybakov I-AN ichaza indlela ehlelwe ngayo ngumphenyi uSviridov. Ngentsebenziswano phakathi kukaMisha Polyakov no-Nikitsky, umgcini wecala libalisa ngokuhlasela kweqela lika-Valery Sigismundovich eRevsk waza wanikela ingqungquthela yophando. UMaria Gavrilovna Terentyeva wafunda isikhali sonyana wakhe, ebona ukuba uKicitsky wayekhohlisiwe endlwini yakhe, ebiza ngokuba ngumfokazi.

ISityhilelo

Amawashi angabonakaliyo atholakala endlwini kaMaria Gavrilovna. Babemdala, inqaba. Isibambiso sokutya kunye nenyoka sisondele ngokusondeleyo kwi-groove yewashi. Emva kokujika kwakhe kwiseko kuvulwe i-cache. Kukho uxwebhu oluza kuthiwa nguNicitsky uzama ukufumana: ukulungelelaniswa ngqo kobuncwane obubekwe phezu kweenqanawa ezilahlekileyo. Phakathi kwabo - ubukhulu be-sultan yeCrimea Devlet-Giray, obunobuncwane bobugebengu obufuna ukufikelela.

Isiphelo

Ngoko ufunde isishwankathelo. "UDerk" uRyakovako waqulunqa ngobuchule kwaye wenza isicwangciso esichukumisayo, kwinxalenye yokuqala ekuthintela ingqalelo yomfundi kwaye engamvumeli ukuba ahambe ade afike ekupheleni kokufunda - kude kube yintetho yesithandathu. Kuyilo lomsebenzi, ubuchule kunye nobunzulu bevezwe, obunokuthintela ukuqhubeka kwayo kunye neendaba ezilandelayo "iBronze Bird" kunye ne "Shot".