Ered hedgehog: inkcazelo kunye nesithombe. Yintoni edla i-hedgehog idla?

Ubume budale izilwanyana ezizodwa, elowo lithatha indawo yalo kwintlupheko yophuhliso kunye nomsebenzi wobomi behlabathi lonke. Omnye wabameli nguye unobumba obude obude. Ubhekwa njengommeli obalulekileyo wezilwanyana ezinomdla.

Ered hedgehog: inkcazo

Esi silwanyana sibhekisela kwizilwanyana, kwintsapho ye-ezhovyh, kodwa ithathwa njengommeli omncinci kwaye unesakhiwo esithile. Into ehlukile yindlebe zakhe, ezihamba ngaphaya kwesiqingatha sentloko, ngenxa yento enikwe igama. Ngokuncedwa kwezi ndlebe, ukushisa komzimba kulungelelaniswa ukukhusela ekukhuseleni, kuba ebusweni besikhumba kwiingcebiso zeendlebe zixhumo oluninzi lwama-capillary olwandisa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kwaye uncedise ukupholisa umzimba. Nantsi umdlalo othakazelisayo kunye oyingqayizivele, umfanekiso onokufumaneka lula kwii-encyclopedias.

Izilwanyana ezincinci, ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-20 cm, ubude beenaliti malunga ne-2.5 cm. Isilwanyana sinemilenze emide, umsila omfutshane kunye nombala kumacala omzimba unobumba obuqhenqileyo, kwaye isisu sisimhlophe. Nangona kunjalo, e-Afghanistan nakwiPakistan, ubude obunobumba obudaka obunqabileyo bunqabile kakhulu, i-albin iyanqabile. Umbala weenaliti uncike kakhulu kwindawo ekuhlala kuyo i-hedgehog, ukuze ilahleke phakathi kwamahlamvu, utshani okanye amatye: obomvu obomvu, utshani okanye omnyama. Enye into ehlukileyo kukuba iilingo ezingekho kuwo wonke umzimba, njengama-hedgehogs aqhelekileyo. Amacala ahlala ehamba, ehlanganiswe ngeboya. Ubunzima, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yokuhlala (ngokwemvelo, kwi-zoo okanye njengepilwanyana) ahluke: kwi-intando-ukuya kwi-350 g, kwaye ekuthunjweni-ukuya ku-600 g.

Ukuhlala kwe-hedgehog ende

I-hedgehog ephakamileyo ihlala ehlala kwiindawo zasentlango okanye kwimimandla. Indawo ehlala kuyo: i-Israel, iYiputa, iLibya, i-Iran, iIraq, i-Pakistan. Iyakwenzeka kwakhona eIndiya, Mongolia, Kazakhstan naseRashiya kwimimandla yeendawo.

I-African heredgehog

I-hedgehogs ezinqabileyo zilukhuni ngakumbi kunezityalo, njengoko kukho amanzi amancinci kunye nezityalo, ezitshisa ngokukhawuleza elangeni. Ama-hedgehogs azama ukufumana imilambo, kuba ngumlambo wamanzi, umlambo omanzi okanye i-oasis. Kukho ukutya okwaneleyo entlango, kodwa nangaphandle kokutya, isilwanyana sinokuhlala ixesha elide. Ngenxa yeendlebe zakhe ezinde, unokukwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokulula namaqondo okushisa aphezulu, kuba kukho umnquba waseTopiya ohlala kwindawo eshushu kakhulu.

Ama-hedgehogs awaqhotyoshelwanga kwisiza kwaye angakwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade efuna ikona engcono. Basebenzisa ngokulula nayiphi na intaba okanye i-mink njengobusuku bokulala.

Ukutya kwamaHut

Ngokuchasene nemibono evelele kunye nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo, obonisa ukuba i-hedgehog ithanda ama-apula kunye namajikijolo, yinkwenkwezi ekhetha inyama. Lo mmeli wentsapho yincinci. Kodwa yintoni edla i-hedgehog idla, ngaphandle kweenambuzane? Le ngxaki imele ithathelwe ingqalelo ngokubanzi. Ukongeza kwiinambuzane ezincinci, i-hedgehogs inqwenela ukunambitha amaqanda asele iintaka. Kwakhona, unokukwazi ukunqoba i-sper kwaye ayidle ngokuzondayo ngaphandle kokuyityhefuza ngetyhefu, njengoko inokumelana nezifo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukutya okuthandwayo kwesi silwanyana ngaba balandelayo balandelayo bezinambuzane:

• Umculi-umvuni ohlala ejulile emhlabeni, apho akha imingxuma yakhe imitha embalwa.
• I-Juni Khrushch inegama layo ngenxa yokuba ibonakala kuphela ekupheleni kwenyanga.
• Isitampu sesanti, esinokuphila ukuya kwiminyaka engama-2-3, kodwa inobungozi kwizityalo, ukuba ibonakala entwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo.

Ukongezelela kwiinambuzane, i-hedgehog inokugubha iimbungu, imiski okanye i-mollusks, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ziba ne-toad, i-lizard okanye i-rodent encane. Uzingela ngokukhawuleza kwaye unako ukukhawulela umgama ongama-7 km, ecaleni kwindlela yokudala i-mink okanye ukusebenzisa izimbobo ze-gopher kunye nezinye iindonga. Ngenxa yokuvavanya kakuhle, i-hedgehog ifumanisa ngokukhawuleza umthombo womsindo, kwaye ngoncedo lwakhe lokumva, ufumana kalula iinambuzane ezifihliweyo kwiindawo ezingenakufikeleleka.

Ukutya okunomsoco ekudleni akunqabile, kodwa i-hedgehog ayinakucinga ukuzama iintyatyambo ezincinane, izihluma kunye neziqhamo ukufumana amavithamini.

Abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba yintoni i-hedgehog edibeneyo edla entlango, apho kukho iintlobo ezinambuzane kwaye azikho izityalo ezininzi. Ummeli wee-hedgehogs unobungqingili, kodwa ukuba akafumani nantoni edlayo, uyaqhubeka ngokufuna uphando kwaye angenza ngaphandle kokutya kunye namanzi ukuya kwiiveki ezi-10, ekuphuhliseni amandla anjalo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwenzeka ngezinto ezinqabileyo, kwaye i-hedgehogs ifakwe kakuhle ngamanqatha, okwaneleyo ixesha lokubamba i-hibernation.

IHibernation

Ekupheleni kwe-Oktobha, i-hedgehog ende ende iqala ukuhlala ilukhuni, kwaye xa ikhefu lokuqala livela, liwela kwi-hibernation. Nangona kunjalo, ubuthongo bakhe abukho bunzulu njengento ye-hedgehog, ngoko ke isilwanyana sinokuvuka size sidle. I-Hibernation ihlala kude kube sekupheleni kukaMatshi okanye nangaphambi kokuqala kuka-Epreli. Indawo eqhelekileyo yeholide leyo yinkomfa encinci kwinqanaba elincinane kwinqaba okanye phantsi kwehlathi kungekho ngaphaya kwama-50 cm.

Ngokomzekelo, e-Indiya, i-hedgehogs iyakwazi ukuhlala ihlale iinyanga ezintathu, kwaye, umzekelo, ezintabeni zasePakistan, apho zipholile khona, i-hibernation ingapheli malunga neenyanga ezintandathu-ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuMatshi. Kwilizwe elinesimo sezulu eshushu, i-hedgehog ayinakulala, kodwa ukuba akanakho ukutya okwaneleyo, uya kukhetha ukulala, ekubeni unamafutha amanqabileyo ahlala kwiinyanga eziliqela.

Ukuzaliswa kwe-hedgehog ende

Ixesha lokuzalisa lwenzeka emazweni afudumele ngoJulayi kwaye iphela de kube ngoSeptemba. E-Rashiya, apho i-hedgehog ende ende imelwe ngamanani amancinci kwaye ingabi nakubonakele, ukuveliswa kubakho ngo-Ephreli. Isiqalo sokuqhafaza siqala kunye nesandi esichazela ukulungela. Ngokuqhelekileyo amadoda amaninzi alwela enye ibhinqa. Baqala ukulwa phakathi kwabo, bezama ukuluma kwiindawo ezingakhuselekanga - indlebe kunye neepaws. Ngenxa yoko, yedwa kuphela ukhetha ibhinqa-eyona nto igxilile kwaye ilukhuni.

Emva kokubambisana, iqela lixosha indoda kwaye liqala ukulungiselela ukumba umgodi, onokufikelela kwindawo engama-90 cm, apho uza kubeleka khona kwaye uya kubondla okokuqala. Ukukhulelwa kuvame ukuhlala malunga neentsuku ezingama-40, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiindawo zokuhlala, ukuchumisa kungenziwa kanye okanye kabini ngonyaka, kwaye kuvela kwi-hedgehogs ezi-3 ukuya kuma-8. Emva kweeyure ezingama-2, izilingo eziluhlaza ezithambileyo ziyavela. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweentsuku eziyi-15 baba yi-cover echazwe kakuhle kunye neenaliti ezinzima. Emva kweeveki ezintathu, abantwana banokuzama ukutya abantu abadala, kodwa isetyhini iyaqhubeka isondla ngobisi. Xa befikelela kwiminyaka engama-50, bahlala bazimeleyo kwaye bahlala bodwa.

I-Hedgehog yered idibene kwi-Red Book

ERashiya, ummeli wentsapho ye-ezhovyh ayifumanekanga kuyo yonke indawo, kodwa kuphela kwimimandla ye-steppe, kwindawo efudumalayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo, njengoko idla izinambuzane ezinobungozi ezingonakalisa izityalo. Ngenxa yoko iRashiya i-hedgehog ekhethiweyo ibaluleke kakhulu.

Incwadi ebomvu iquka izilwanyana ezinqabileyo ezifuna ukukhuselwa kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Wazisa kuye uluhlu kunye nalo mmeli e-Ukraine, eBashkortostan, kwingingqi yaseChelyabinsk nakwii-Urals.

Iintshaba ze-hedgehog ende

Ingozi enkulu kunayo yonke into enokuyilindela kwizilwanyana ezinokulindela ezilwanyana ezinkulu: izimpungushe, iibhokhwe, iibhere kunye nezinja ezilahlekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-fox izama ukudonsa isilwanyana kwisibindi esithile, kuba emanzini iyalungile, iya kuba ingakhuselekanga, kwaye i-fox ingayibamba kalula impumlo. I-Badger hedgehog nayo ayikwazi ukuyixhathisa, njengoko isidlo seentsapho sinamacweba amade kakhulu kunye nephunga elihle kakhulu ukuba izindlebe azikwazi ukuma. Ekuthunjweni, i-hedgehog ingcono ukungahlangabezi nezinja, kodwa kunye neekati, iyahambelana.

Indlela yokuphila kunye nenzuzo kumntu

I-hedgehog ekhethiweyo, njengabo bonke abameli be-ezhovy, bahlala bodwa kwaye bafumaneka kuphela ngexesha lokuzala. Umsebenzi omkhulu kulezi zi lwanyana uqala ngokuhlwa okanye ebusuku, xa behamba ngokuzingela. Ngomso bahlala kwindawo yokukhusela. Jerzy ubekezelela ukushisa ngokukhawuleza, abachasene nokugqithisa kunye nokuwa bafumana amanqatha ukuba bangene kwi-hibernation.

UZverek ahlala kunye nendoda, kodwa kuphela xa ithe yathathwa ngunyana. Ukhawuleza, kodwa ukuthanda kwakhe akufaneki ukufikelela kwikhaya labantu. Xa usesendlini ekukhulile, i-hedgehog ivakalelwa kakubi kwaye iyakwazi nje ukula ukutya, apho iya kufa kuyo. Musa ukuthatha ezi zilwanyana zasendle kunye nesizathu sokuba ziyakuthwala izifo, nangona zichasene nezifo kunye nosulelo. Intando ye-hedgehog yindawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala kuyo, kwaye kuyo iyakwazi ukuzisa inzuzo eninzi kubantu ngokutya iintsholongwane ezilimaza izityalo ezityalwe.

Hdgehogs zasekhaya

Ukwandisa, abantu badala izilwanyana ezingavamile, ezidityanisiweyo, kubandakanywa ne-hedgehog ende. Ifoto yesilwanyana kufuneka ibhekwe ngaphambi kokuba ithenge. Kufuneka uqonde ukuba uthanda kangakanani kwaye nokuba umntwana uyakuthanda. Izilwanyana ze-hedgehogs ezisuka eAfrika zizilwanyana ezingathobeliyo. Bakhawuleza bazivumelanise nokusingqongileyo kwaye basebenzise abantu. Lo mmele ubhetele ukuthenga kwisitoreji sesilwanyana, kuba i-hedgehog esele izalwe ekuthunjweni kwaye kulula ukuyifumanisa nendlu.

Ukuze i-hedgehog nje ukunyamekela, idinga ibhokhwe yakhe okanye ibhokisi ebanzi, kodwa ngeenxadi eziphakamileyo, kuba isilwanyana sinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza siphume ebhokisini. Iqumba kufuneka libe yelanga okanye i-straw, kwaye imfuneko yemvelaphi yemvelo, eya kuba bhetele kwi-hedgehog kunephepha okanye iphephandaba. Ibhokhwe kufuneka ihlale igcinwe, ihlambuluke imfesi, ihlanjwe ngesitya samanzi kunye nokutya, ukwenzela ukuba isilwanyana asifumani intsholongwane.

Umele 'ahambe' kwindlu, kuba uthanda inkululeko. Kodwa ukudibanisa kunye nesilwanyana esinobubele, esithandekayo asiyi kusebenza, kuba uhamba ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye uyaluma kalula xa engathandi into ethile. Kufanelekile ukwazi ukuba ebusuku i-hedgehog iyasebenza kakhulu, ngeli xesha uya kuhlolisisa intsimi, ngoko unokuva ukukhahlela, ukugaya nokugubha.

Iinkqubo zamanzi azibalulekanga kakhulu kwi-hedgehog, kodwa kanye ngenyanga kuya kuhlamba, ukwenjenjalo ukuba ingahambi ngokungahambi kakuhle. Emva kokuhlamba, kufuneka uwugubungele ithawula, ukuze i-hedgehog imiswe kakuhle, kwaye ayikuvuthwa. Ukuphila nomntu, i-hedgehog ayifuni kwi-hibernation, kuba kuye kugcinwa ukulawula ubushushu obusoloko, kwaye kukho ukutya rhoqo.

Ubomi kwindalo engqongileyo nakwi-zoo

I-hedgehog ered iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa naluphi na indawo. Kwiimeko zemvelo, ukulinda ubomi kunokuba yiminyaka eyi-3-4. Kwi-zoo, i-hedgehog ingaphila kwiminyaka emi-3 kuya kwe-6, apho ukutya kwayo kubandakanya inyama, inambuzane, iigundane ezisanda kuzalwa. Kodwa unokukubona kuphela ehlobo, kuba ubusika buwela kwi-hibernation ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi kwitalato, nangona emazweni afudumele angakwazi ukuhlala ephapheme lonke ixesha.

Ered hedgehog: inyaniso enomdla

Izihlandlo ezimbalwa ezithandekayo zingachazwa malunga nalo mmeli omncinci wentsapho ye-shrew:

• Xa ukhangela ukutya i-hedgehog iyakwazi ukufumana isantya esiphezulu, kwaye iphakamileyo kakhulu kunee-hedgehogs eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba abaxhamli babambelela kuye, ngoko akayikuphikelela ekupheleni, kodwa efihla intloko yakhe ukuba aphume kwaye ahlasele intshaba, ezama ukuphazamisa inaliti.
• Ukuba i-hedgehog ende ende ikhona ezandleni zomntu, kuyafaneleka ukuba wazi ukuba ayikwazi ukunikwa ngobisi, kuba oku kubangela iingxaki ngokugaya.

• Umzuzu othakazelisayo kukuqhelanisa ne-hedgehog kunye neendumiso ezingaziwa kuye. Isilwanyana siqala ukukhohla into ethile ide ivele i-foamy saliva, edla ngokusetyenziswa kwiinaliti. Ngako oko i-hedgehogs ingayifaka kwiinaliti zazo kunye nezinto ezinobuthi ukuze zikhusele kwiintshaba ezinokuthi zikhohlise okanye zithinte ii-paws zazo.
• Kwimvelo, ngaphandle kwe-hedgehog eqhelekileyo kunye neyodwa, kukho i-hedgehog eselunxwemeni ende, ekhola kunye neyodwa engapheliyo, nangona kunjalo ithandwa kakhulu, iyona kuphela efumaneka eRashiya.
• I-Hedgehogs ihlaselwe ebomini. Ukuba umntu uqala ama-hedgehogs amaninzi endlwini yakhe, ke wonke umntu kufuneka abe neyakhe indlu, mhlawumbi abayi kuhamba kunye kwaye baya kulwa njalo, bavikele indawo yabo.
• E-Rashiya, i-hedgehog ende ende ingathengwa kwisitorethi seentaka kuma-ruble ama-3-10 amawaka.