Female Iver Monastery, Samara: unqulo, idilesi, ncomo

ubulumko yeBhayibhile ifundisa ukuba ayinako ukuma izidanga, leyo ayinayo ubuncinane ezithathu yamalungisa. Leyo amandla akuyonyaniso na squad, kunye namandla emkhosini, yaye ngoncedo lukaThixo, wathumela phantsi imithandazo yabangcwele. abantu Russian luqondwa kakuhle, ngoko ke basindiswa akukho mali kunye nabasebenzi kulwakhiwo yoonongendi ezingcwele, yinqaba kuphela Orthodox, kodwa umthombo ungaphelelwayo msulwa ngokomoya kunye nokuziphatha. Ngenye yezi yoonongendi, wakha phezu kweenxweme iVolga River, kwaye uya ibali lethu.

Le nqaba Idolophu Samara

Namhlanje Samara - esinye sezixeko likhulu kuMbindi iVolga. Imbali yawo uhamba emva ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amane. Ngowe-1586, ngethuba lolawulo Tsar Fodora Ioannovicha, ibisekwe phezu kweenxweme iVolga igwiba - kwidolophu Samara. Ixesha waba lixakekileyo, kwaye kwakufuneka inqaba njengonogada, uvimba umendo mbuya emathafeni. Kukho kwavela kunye yokuhlala engcwele, ogama uMsindisi yoTshintsho nunnery. Warriors phezulu ezandla ekupheleni kwelizwe Russian, noodade emishini wathandaza vanquishing villains.

Kwakungekho de 1764, xa kukho inani elincinane noonongendi ze woonongendi kwayekwa. Ukunqongophala ezifuneka kakhulu ayikwazanga kuchaphazela ukuba ubomi iziko ngokomoya. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala elandelayo - ngenkulungwane XIX, kuluntu landa ngomkhwa noqhekeko. Ukongeza, ngokubanzi amahlelo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kunazo esebenzayo kubo amalungu qhekeko ekuthiwa Molokan.

Imfuneko ukudala eMonastri

Ukuze bakhusele izenzakalo ezinjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala yindawo enamandla Orthodox oyinyaniso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abahlali Samara ubuyeleyo oyiNgcwele Sinodi kweli phulo ukuvulwa loonongendi, eyenzelwe malunga nekhulu noonongendi. Ukuxhasa le mbono Samartsev iBhunga lecawa zobunkokeli, nangona kunjalo, oku kufuna njengolwazi oluthile malunga imali zicwangciselwe ukuba ukuphumeza ulwakhiwo woonongendi.

Le ngxaki ingasonjululwa indlela endala-lixesha - ibhengeze phakathi abahlali mzi ukuqokelela iminikelo ukwakhiwa woonongendi. Ingakumbi ohlonitshwayo abemi zonqulo-nye umzi ziye zenza nebhodi yee-trustee, yazeka phezu inxalenye lombutho lweshishini, kunye nabameli ezimbalwa uluntu ityebileyo ezidolophini wenza iminikelo ezinkulu, okubalulekileyo, ukuba ungabhalisi ukwakhiwa belizwe weemonki obuphezu kwabo.

Ukudala uluntu female

Umhla Isiseko woonongendi ithathwa 1850, xa lwakwakhiwa kwigumbi, apho kwenziwa vigils zonke-ubusuku. Ukuhamba kwazo inxaxheba imizekeliso ezimbini ezikhoyo ngoko kwisixeko iitempile - i Kazan Cathedral kunye Emnye Church. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngeenxa ecaweni yakhiwa iiseli esibhozo, apho ahlala abo ndafuna ukunikela ubomi bakhe ekukhonzeni uThixo.

Indela yokuqala ngo-1852 yaba uluntu encinane, kuba kwamantombazana ngawo wamiselwa umbingeleli. Abbess ukuba intombazana bahanahanisi nguMariya Yanova. Oku kukhetha iye yaba nempumelelo kakhulu ukususela ngoko kungqineke ukuba abe ngumququzeleli ehlokomayo abanetalente. Ngenxa yemisebenzi bakhe baya inkqubo olumandla nokuhlaliswa yoluntu.

Lokutshintsha uluntu basetyhini looNongendi

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva yayakhiwe nokusingcwalisa ibandla lokuqala woonongendi elizayo, yaye kungekudala isanda sakhe emhlabeni wavula iingcango zalo kwamanye amarhamente, yamiselwa imbeko nguMama kaThixo eJerusalem. Oku kwenzeka ngoJulayi 1857. Noko ke, oku yaba sisiqalo nje umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha. emva konyaka omnye, i Board of Trustees ekhathaza abasemagunyeni Diocesan kunye prioress yoluntu ngokwayo kwakhiwa ibandla elikhulu ilitye egameni Ukunikwa yeNkosi.

Kakade ke, lo inzondelelo ngakwicala ngabantu abaye bazinikezela ukuze yoku olungenanceba; nesantya kakhulu kangangokuba yoluntu nako ukukhumbula lilungiselelo indlela ezintle oyiNgcwele Sinodi le ncwadana. Umphumo waba inguqu ngo-1860 woluntu yabafazi woonongendi, ogama Iver sigodlo. Ngaloo ndlela Samara wafumana i-edingeka kakhulu nenqaba yakhe ngokomoya kunye nemfundo yezenkolo.

Umbutho wobomi kwezoqoqosho woonongendi entsha

Ngaphambi nje kokuba esi siganeko esindilisekileyo le prioress yoluntu Maria Janov wathabatha izifungo emishini kunye negama Maragarita kunye, ngenxa merit yayo, uye waphakanyiselwa isidima kuMama Owayephethe of woonongendi entsha. Kungekudala benze ukhakhayi kunye nabanye oodade. Ukusuka amaxwebhu ukusinda kucacile ukuba 1860 Iver loonongendi Samara omiweyo oonongendi ezimashumi monki anamanci asithoba. Kuba isigodlo asanda kuvulwa yinto eninzi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba yoonongendi ezininzi noseko lwalo wababala abemi ezimbalwa.

Ukususela kwimihla zokuqala ikhona, Iver Monastery (Samara) waye ngokuzimeleyo ukuqinisekisa ubukho balo. Isibakala ukuba ungowommandla ukuba udidi yoonongendi olungxamisekileyo odityanelweyo kwaye abazange bafumane naluphi uxhaso umxholo wayo. Kakade ke, ezinye nemali evela kubaxhasi yokuzithandela ngohlobo lwentlawulo izinto zonqulo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana kukhunjulwa ixesha elide kwabafileyo, Psalms ukufunda emakhayeni abucala kakhulu. Kodwa ngeniso loodade baba imali efunyenwe ngabo koomasifundisane ezininzi ezivulekileyo kwi woonongendi.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba apha beqabe icons eSwitzerland iingubo, nezambatho yomthungo ihonjiswe nabo ukuthunga ngegolide yokuluka, zincede ethunga iimpahla ezintle kwabasetyhini abaphila esixekweni imicu. Nkqu yezandla kuphela eyindoda njengokuba shoemaking kwaye behlanganisa, baba phantsi amandla ezandla ababhinqileyo. Kuyinto ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo onzima, dade nangenxa yokunyanisa abaxhasi Iver Monastery (Samara) babehlala kunye yaphuhliswa.

Abbess Antonina kunye nemibhalo yakhe

Ukususela ngo 1874, kuMama Owayephethe of woonongendi endaweni umhlala-phantsi emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu wokukhonza margaritas Umama waba abbess Antonina. Ngemihla yakudala, yena wenza imisebenzi unondyebo weemonki. Kanye kuneyokuqala, unina Antonina wenze igalelo elingathethekiyo umbutho yobomi woonongendi. Ngenxa yoko edityaniswe imigudu yakhe 1882 waqala ukwakhiwa ecaweni ilitye egameni saseTver efudumeleyo uMama kaThixo. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva cawe yamiselwa kuwo waba iinkonzo kwazo rhoqo.

Kodwa omnye ezintsha eziphambili, umqalisi leyo yaba abbess Antonina, yaba kukwakha esibhedlele ezinemigangatho emibini banzi kwi woonongendi. Le projekthi yenzeke ngenxa yeminikelo Samara merchant P. Shikhobalova edweliswe Iver Monastery (Samara) zonke iindlela eziyimfuneko. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, ngowe-1889, naye usebenza kwi abbess ye woonongendi wavula isikolo Insert, nto leyo aqeqeshwe rhoqo malunga nekhulu amantombazana ukusuka iintsapho kwabemi kunye nabalimi, yaye xa kumisa yokusithela amantombazana abazinkedama.

Le minyaka yokugqibela ye revolution

Abbess Antonina waya kuYehova ngo-1892 waza wangcwatyelwa ibandla Lady Lwethu uMama saseTver, kwisakhiwo eyafaka engqondweni nasemzimbeni namandla kakhulu. indawo yayo yathathwa ngendlela efanayo njengoko wenzayo, abasigcinayo phambi ukuthobela unondyebo Feofania ndela, kodwa emva kweminyaka emithandathu kokuba isusiwe kule post, zasuka zathi waxa umhlolokazi A. sababingeleli V. Milovidovoy, ngubani wathabatha igama emishini Seraphim. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, wakwazi woonongendi, ngobuchule edibanisa yokomoya nemisebenzi yezoqoqosho. Phantsi umyalelo wakhe Iver Monastery (Samara) wadibana iziganeko ezinkulu ka-1917.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kweli xesha woonongendi ezipaselwe kakhulu kuphuhliso lwabo. On nommandla wayo kukho amabandla amane. Inkonzo e Iver Monastery (Samara) babezimase njengoko woonongendi ngokwabo oonongendi, kunye nabahlali baloo mzi. Ukongeza, woonongendi wayedume zesisa zayo kakuhle, phakathi kwabo: isibhedlele, isikolo ecaweni, indawo yokusithela amantombazana abazinkedama kunye ezisecicini. Inani lilonke akwiijele woonongendi ngo-1917 ngaphaya amadoda angamakhulu amane.

Ithuba intshutshiso yonqulo

Kwiminyaka elandelayo i-Oktobha Revolution, woonongendi ekwabelwana ziyahlelwa yoonongendi ezininzi Russian. Ngowe-1919, yena Ndixuthwe ubume bayo leziko lenkonzo. Kuzo zonke zokuhlala ezilishumi ingxenye engcono sanikelwa neeflethi zoluntu kubasebenzi bengingqi.

izakhiwo ibandla Ndahluleleni, ekuqaleni elinikwe iintshumayelo zoluntu Orthodox, ziye redeveloped kwiimfuno zekhaya, kwaye woonongendi ibandla kumbindi - Cathedral ze kwingcinga - nemutha-65 intsimbi nenqaba yayo afuthe up. Iminyaka emininzi, oluphazanyiswa ukusebenza Iver Monastery (Samara). Ishedyuli ngeenkonzo kuloo minyaka kubonisiwe nokuqhubekeka ubulungiseleli umthandazo ngaphakathi eluntwini yonqulo, ngoxa weemonki kwayekwa.

Ukuvuselelwa yako engcwele

Ukuvuselelwa woonongendi engcwele yaqala ekupheleni koo, xa ilizwe wabuyela lonke ibandla lonke athinjiweyo ngokungekho mthethweni kude kuyo ngexesha maxesha anzima. Ngowe-1991 waba kwakhona imibutho ekuhlaleni yabafazi, obufunyenwe ecaweni igumbi refectory. Ukususela ngelo xesha, siye saqalisa olunzulu umsebenzi wokulungisa. ezininzi ukuba yakhiwe yi udala imbonakalo Gcina imifanekiso kunye bucala iinkumbulo abahlali ezindala umzi.

Ngoku Owayesakuba ubuhle limi phezu iVolga Iver Monastery (Samara). Ukuphonononga bamtyelela nabasemzini nabakhenkethi zibonisa ukuba abasebenzi zokwakha, restorers, kunye namavolontiya nje ezinqwenela ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuzalweni kwayo, akulambathanga. Ngowe-1994, uluntu yabafazi, wasekwa ngo nommandla wayo, wafumana iwonga ezisemthethweni weemonki. Ukususela ngelo xesha de namhlanje ikhokelwe kuMama Owayephethe of St John (Kapitantseva).

namhlanje

I ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo kunye nobomi bokomoya Iver Monastery (Samara). Ishedyuli kweenkonzo, mihla wenza khona, ibonisa iinkonzo ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo kumjikelo wonyaka ebekwe yi-Charter yeCawa Orthodox Russian. I-flow zabanquli abeza ukuba bathandaze neendonga zaso, ezonto ngosuku. Ephepheni mzobo iqhotyoshelwe apha ibonisa ngokucacileyo apho Iver Monastery (Samara) ibekwe. Idilesi yokuhlala: Samara, Volzhsky themba, 1.