Gaba Military kwi tsarist eRashiya. gaba Military umkhosi asebukhosini

Kweli nqaku sijonga kwezinye ezintlwini zomkhosi kwi tsarist eRashiya. Olu luhlu, Noko ke, ayiphelelanga, oko kwandiswa. Sinikela kuwe kuphela amabakala ezisisiseko.

okhangela

Siqala kuluhlu lwethu of "ezintlwini Military yomkhosi tsarist of Russia" kunye okhangela. Le kwirenki kwezomkhosi Russian Imperial Army, apho ubukhona kwiinkulungwane 18-19, ngaphantsi sashiya enkulu ngokubanzi ngasentla. Kwathiwa ke nguPetros I.

Kwakuhambisana kuye Navy elikwinqanaba Captain-Commander. UBrigadier General kwezinye imikhosi namhlanje kunxibelelana umyalelo 'induna ".

wachtmeister

Esi sikhundla uye wandiswa kula mabutho, igosa non-wayalela yokutshintsha amalungu, kwakunye zokudubula yomkhosi lizwe lethu (Cossack amajoni, owamahashe, gendarmerie). Apho de-1917, xa iRussia wenza ezintlwini yamajoni lasebukhosini. gaba Togu eSoviet Union wayengekho kwaphela. Phoyisa, umzekelo, nomkhosi wayengekho. Ngumsebenzi woMntu kwesi mkhosi ukunceda ekuqhubeni kuqeqesho amajoni kunye nombutho ucwangco lwangaphakathi kunye noqoqosho nenjengele butho. Abakuluhlu ehambelana elihamba - phoyisa-ezinkulu. Lwamagosa non-wayalela yale irenki ukuba ibe ngaphezulu ngo-1826.

ULieutenant-General

Uhlabela mgama ukuchaza ezintlwini zomkhosi kwi tsarist eRashiya, dlulela sombutho-jikelele. Le besigaba esiphezulu waba imikhosi Ukrainian kunye Russian. Kuye asetyenziswa ngaxeshanye (phantse-ntonye) kunye elikwisikhundla uLieutenant jikelele. Kutshanje, ebudeni Northern iMfazwe, ngakumbi ncam, kwisiqingatha sesibini, indawo irenki uLieutenant-jikelele.

Field Marshal

Le liphezulu Army abakuluhlu wamajoni Army Austrian, isiJamani kunye Russian. Imvume uye kwilizwe lethu yi Peter I ngowe-1699. Oku kwakuhambisana isikhundla I yeklasi Navy isikhundla Admiral kwinkonzo yoluntu - nguTshansila kunye neceba lwalo (Kwakhona Class I). Waba ikhuni nomfuziselo yalelani intsimi yakhe, ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-19 njengeemashali yakhe endle buttonhole-jikelele ukuba bafanekiselwa kwifomu wawela. zomkhosi kulomcimbi nasezirenkini i tsarist eRashiya iirholithi, apho abameli wachaza uluhlu bethu kweentonga zime. Umzekelo odumileyo Field Marshal kwimbali yelizwe lethu - D. A. Milyutin.

Ukususela ngo-2009, olu phawu kwakhona ezikhoyo kwi-ngumfuziselo yangoku ePhakamileyo ndingumthetheli zonke semkhosini lizwe lethu.

generalissimo

In the Holy uBukhosi baseRoma, yaba irenki liphezulu emkhosini, yaye kamva yaba ezinjalo, kunye Russian uBukhosi kunye eSoviet Union kunye namanye amazwe.

Ngokwembali, kuba wabelwa ukuba umthetho embalwa, uninzi encedisayo, imikhosi, iinjengele, kwaye kwezinye iimeko Amanani oluntu okanye abantu abawela imizalwane amakhosi olawulayo njengoko ngesiqu. Chin ababemi ngaphandle inkqubo kwezinye ezintlwini igosa.

AV Suvorov October 28, 1799 wafumana isihloko ngokungqinelana nemimiselo zomkhosi, njengoko inganga ubukumkani eSardinia, kwaye ngexesha elinye Count of uBukhosi baseRoma, umthetheli Russian nomyali oyinhloko we Austria, Sardinian namabutho Russian. Okwangoku, oko ezinokunikezelwa mthetho kweli lizwe lethu.

Esaul

Uyaqhubeka uluhlu wethu "babambisane Military Tsarist Russia" isikhundla elandelayo. Esaul - lokukhula ke ubengumveleli oyinganga Cossack namabutho Russian. Rank libonisa umncedisi substituent alimwi. Abathetheli zezi: umkhosi, jikelele, butho, webutho, ukunyuka intaba, stanitsa, zokudubula.

Captain-Commander

Chin ebezikho kule minyaka 1707-1732, yaye ngo-1751-1827 ngomkhosi lizwe lethu. Wangena ngo 1707 kwaye zidweliswe kwi-Table of nasezirenkini 1722, ababekolo didi V, yayigqalwa ngaxeshanye ngaphantsi yangasemva Admiral kwaye ngaphezu isikhundla umphathi wenqanawa (umthetheli abakuluhlu yokuqala - ukususela 1713). Emkhosini, abakuluhlu elivumelana iiforimani, kunye (abangekho) isikhundla zokunxiba - uceba karhulumente. Isibheno ummeli kwesihloko - "Mhlekazi." yemisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa umyalelo we-butho (amancinci), kwakunye kufakwe ngexesha ngasemva-gosa.

Cpl.

Le kwirenki zomkhosi, waba NCOs yindlela esezantsi zoth (igosa noncommissioned) erenkini. Kwilizwe lethu, kwabonakala ngo-1647, yaqalisa yi "imimiselo zomkhosi" Peter I. Kamva, kwisiqingatha sokuqala kwenkulungwane ye-19, ukuba indawo elikwisikhundla yegosa non-ethunywe. Namhlanje-moya mihla Kokubetha ingqamana kwisihloko efana "emsebenzini".

sezigodlo

Le kwirenki yasemkhosini, lowo ke imikhosi kumazwe aliqela, ikakhulu kula mabutho. Igama layo livela eposini yamandulo blower zibekwe kwi-mkhosi, ngubani wegqitha imiyalelo yakhe amajoni amaza ngexesha edabini. Bamalungelo yale irenki zidweliswe kwiklasi enye kunye neerhuluneli umkhosi, ngoko ukunxiba iyunifomu efanayo. Qaphela ukuba ayisekho isihloko uLieutenant kula mabutho.

Podesaul

Uhlabela mgama ukuchaza ezintlwini zomkhosi kwi tsarist eRashiya, esilishumayelayo kuni ilandelayo. Lo myalezo zakho ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-16, yaye kamva eRashiya, kwaba igosa isikhundla oyinganga imikhosi Cossack X yeklasi (iminyaka 1798-1884) kunye IX bodidi kuluhlu olungasentla of "Uluhlu sezikhundla" (iminyaka 1884-1917), nto leyo banikwa gaba wempi tsarist eRashiya kunye nemivuzo yabo.

Oko kulinganiswa kwakunjalo 1798 kula mabutho akangenanga abasebenzi-captain elihamba - Captain, Navy, uLieutenant - kunye zesigaba nomcebisi titular kwinkonzo yoluntu.

Lieutenant

Le elifomatiweyo igosa eliyintloko eyayikho umkhosi Russian, yazise yi Peter I of Russia ngo-1703.

Kanye ngo-1884, kwapheliswa elifomatiweyo phoyisa loxolo, waba igosa yokuqala kuwo onke amajoni, ngaphandle Cossack owamahashe, apho kwakuhambisana ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla lesigodlo, sezigodlo. I Navy uBukhosi kwinqanaba midshipman yaba kwiwotshi kwayo, kwinkonzo yoluntu - kuNobhala yePhondo. Xa semkhosini Russian Federation sombutho Isikhundla ekwafanekisa le "uLieutenant".

Lieutenant

isikhundla Military, endingowakhe ukuba amagosa abasezantsi kwi imikhosi pre-revolution eRashiya kunye Poland ngokuhambelana kwisikhundla uLieutenant. Kwiinkulungwane 18-19 kwakukho "Porutchik" njengoko eyongeziweyo lobeko upelo lo myalelo. gaba Military Tsarist eRashiya ngowe-1812, umzekelo, waquka lo erenkini.

Yaba igosa ngenxa odolo, okuhambelana USSR neRashiya isikhundla uLieutenant.

kwibhanile

Uhlabela mgama ukuchaza ezintlwini zomkhosi kumkhosi tsarist. uWarrant semkhosini kunye nezinye ii-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kumazwe aliqela. Ngomthetho ka Alexei Mikhailovich kumkhosi Russian ngo-1649 yaziwa ngokuba zamisa ngabathwali, abo babemiselwe phakathi, amadoda ezininzi wayesenamandla nesibindi nezingqinekayo edabini. Ukudala umkhosi rhoqo, Peter I ngowe-1712 yazisa isihloko nje junior (lokuqala) amagosa irenki kula mabutho kunye nomkhosi. De-1917, oko wabelwa ukuba abantu abaye baphumelela ezikolweni okanye zezifundiswa zomkhosi yincwadi izifundo yokukhubazeka badlula ukuhlolwa inkqubo ethile. In lemfazwe sabelo kuvunyelwa ngaphandle iimviwo zalo amagosa abalaseleyo non-athunywe ngemfundo lesibini okanye ngaphezulu. Zamisa zikholisa waqeshwa kwisikhundla sokuba webutho alimwi. I-Red Army (iminyaka 1917-1946) kunye Soviet (de-1972) elikwinqanaba efanayo kwibhanile yayingekabikho. NgoJanuwari 1, 1972 kwathiwa yaziswa (kunye elikwisikhundla Officer) kwi omkhosi USSR. Umkhosi yanamhlanje belizwe lethu siyafana kwisikhundla uLieutenant yesibini.

induna

Ugqibezela uluhlu wethu "ezintlwini Military kumkhosi komlawuli 'induna. Loo elikwisikhundla esiphezulu mabutho igosa (kwi-Russian uBukhosi - igosa eliyintloko). Ngo-1730 yabonakala ngokunxulumene nokudalwa enzima umkhosi ezitsha izihloko ezintlwini, ekwakukho phakathi kwabo induna. Lancers kwaye Hussars ngo-1882 zaye similise Dragoon, ukuba bumiswe zifane kweli ezintlwini lonke kumthetheli amahashe of dragoons babebizwa umthetheli. Ngowe-1917, i-irenki kwayekwa. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 ukuba ikhona, umzekelo ePoland.

Ezi ezintlwini zomkhosi ephambili umkhosi tsarist Russian.