Gas jet: ukuba isebenza njani, nini yasungulwa? isibane Street ne Jets ezimbini igesi

Imbali izinto ezenziwe ngabantu uya isandla ngesandla kunye nophuhliso inkqubela yoluntu kunye noshishino ngokubanzi. Imbali Lweminyaka of iinqwelo zamahashe kunye nokulayita yekhandlela iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu uye savela ngokukhawuleza, edlula kwezinye izigaba aphakathi. Xa ngendaleko kwezibane kweli nqanaba phakathi ngokudibanisa itotshi endala kunye Edison isibane waba jet igesi. Okwangoku, nguye lo ngumbutho zoncwadi kunye yeVictorian England ne Romagna. Ngelo xesha, izibane igesi yokuqala ukuvela kwilizwekazi.

Xa wabonakala?

Gas jet unetyala imvelaphi yayo Filippu Lebonu - injineli French kunye semvelo. Ngowe-1790 wathabatha iinkqubo neyanamhlanje iinkuni ezomileyo. Ukuhlaziya amava abo, omnye Scientist waphosa esipilini imbiza kangangesandla yetshipsi iinkuni ezomileyo. Ngoko Lebon abelwe igesi, awayitshisayo ilangatye eliqaqambileyo ngcembe, kude ancamisayo ziyafumaneka kwi ngemini izixhobo zokukhanya.

Kangangexesha elithile, uPhilippe Lebon babezam igesi entsha, yaye kungekudala imisizi yakhe. Day, xa kwakukho jet igesi (Kakade ke, ezokuqala abangekaphuhli), kwaye kuthathwa ukuba ibe sisiganeko kubomi kwezibane gas. Kodwa phambi kokuba kuqaliswe izibane mveliso omtsha bahlala phantse ikhulu.

kwemveliso yoshishino

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX iphawulwa njenge idabi kwimizi jikelele inzululwazi neteknoloji. kwasungulwa omdala ushukuxwa - isibane segesi - ufumene ubomi yesibini. Inzululwazi iye ndabuyela ingcamango ukusetyenziswa kwezibane igesi.

Ingcamango usebenzisa igesi ngenxa ngokukhanyisa ezitratweni ebeyinalo IsiNgesi King George IV, yaye ngelo xesha iNkosana of Wales. I jet gas yokuqala yalikhanyisa yakhe yokuhlala Carlton House. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva - ngo-1807 - izibane igesi besikhanya phezu ifu Mall. Le isitalato British wayexakeke kakhulu kwaye ifuna ulawulo lwezithuthi ukulisa sele ngaloo mihla. Ifu Mall waba kwisitrato yokuqala ehlabathini, leyo akhanyiswe igesi.

Nangona isixhobo gas-jet yaba anobungozi - igesi litre ewushiya isiphelo ngokungakhuselekanga yokuyihlamba esisi. Kungekudala ukukhusela zisiza yakhiwa lampshade metal ezinemingxuma eziliqela. Ngo 1819 kuba ukukhanyisa ikomkhulu waseBritani wayebekwe neekhilomitha 288 of umbhobho igesi onikezela irhasi kwama-50 amawaka. Izibane. London bathabatha inyathelo kunye namanye amaziko mveliso. Kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo, uninzi izikwere engundoqo kunye nasezitalatweni kwizixeko ezinkulu yaseYurophu esele yenziwe igesi. izibane baphembe siphathiswe kubantu abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa - le lamplighter.

Lo msebenzi Amadoda amakhulu nabafo ababekekileyo kwaba anobungozi - izibane badla liqhuma, ukulimaza abanye. Noko ke, enqwenela esichengeni ubomi babo imihla ngemihla kwakuyinto eninzi - lamplighters avuzwa evela kuNondyebo London yaye iimbono ezilungileyo ipension xa kuthe ingozi.

Dvurozhkovy lantern

jet igesi Standard sele ziyinto eqhelekileyo - esetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa ezitalatweni ngempumelelo ebusuku. E London, nkqu lantern yayifakwe kunye Jets ezimbini igesi. It sasetyenziswa ngempumelelo ethe ngci kwi ngokuhlwa kunye ebusuku. Ukukhanya igesi kule isibane udlula le anemibala kunye imiyalelo kuphindwa isilawuli izithuthi, ngaphandle apho izithuthi exakeke ngayo iinqwelo nabakhweli kebov wayeza ngokupheleleyo ngxi.

Njengoko ubona, i dvurozhkovy yambo elula yaba kwase ye-traffic mihla. Ngayo ukulawula intshukumo kwiiveki ezine. Kodwa ke isibane liqhuma, yaye emva kwe-dubulo wabulala ipolisa. Abasemagunyeni ye zibani eyinkunzi experiment dvurozhkovymi yaseBritani, kwagqitywa ekubeni ayeke.

second

Le savuka jet igesi baba ngo-1886. Wayila entsha ibe yinto enzima ngaphandle ukusuka nomhlobo endala - isibane separafini. weight Company AUER waye elilodwa lomenzi yi isixhobo izibane, yaye kangangexesha elide, kwathiwa ngokuba "ngomlomo Auer".

Isigaba izibane Uphuhliso izixhobo elandelayo yaba fyabo, elilodwa lomenzi ngo-1890. Izibane Auer eyayivela Welsbach banika ihlabathi kukukhanya emhlophe blinding, ngaba ndiye nayiphi sothelekiso kukhanya okwenziwe kwangaphambili. ukusebenza Excellent yabonelelwa ngenxa ukukhutshwa yale igqengezelayo kunye amasuntswana carbon kakhulu, nto leyo ekhona iimveliso ukutsha kunye nokulibaziseka kwigridi heater.

Ukusebenzisa ezintsha kuye kwanciphisa ukunwenwa ngeendlela zakwaNtu zezindlu zokukhanyisa: amakhandlela waya yaye izikrini zeglasi ngenxa maziko, kunye nokuveliswa izibane yeoli odumileyo baqalisa ukuba ukwehla kancinci. Yonke into ikhomba ukuba ixesha yokukhanya wafudukela kwinqanaba entsha yophuhliso.

uphuhliso Auer

Ngenxa patent design entsha ye jet igesi 1892 waba bodwa kuphela ye Auer. I-patent ngokuba jet zerhasi design entsha iza kuvumela abavelisi ukuba ukuphuhlisa ngempumelelo kwinethiwekhi yayo kwabathunywa Endala New World, singalibalanga iikona ezisemaphandleni zomhlaba. iinjineli Auer akazange ayeke apho yaye waqhubeka ukusebenza kwingxaki yokusetyenziswa iipropati igesi kwelo khaya kunye iinjongo zoshishino. Ngaxeshanye kunye ukusasazeka yolawulo yenkampani zokukhanya besiza bayazi eyona ngxaki ubushushu. Kungenxa ukutshintshela kwelinye isebe lenkampani kuphunyeziwe yachuma sombane kwaye ihlala yenye nje enkulu yobunjineli igesi ehlabathini.

Gas ukukhanyisa kunye nombane

Xa Ekuveleni XIX kunye XX iinkulungwane, izibane igesi kwakuxhaphakile kwizixeko Endala kunye Worlds New. Kwakubonakala ukuba imini xa iimpondo igesi kwemoto, yaba kukutshintsha kubomi babantu. Noko ke, ilanga litshonile segesi pretty ngokukhawuleza: ukubuyisela nelangatye igesi zeza izixhobo yokuqala Izibane zombane. Okokuqala, utshintsho kuba izibane ezitalatweni, izibane zegesi uze ngokuthe ngabunye kumakhaya abantu kunye namaziko karhulumente. Okwangoku, izibane fancy era irhasi inokubonwa kuphela kwiimyuziyam eyayinikelwe elidlulileyo kwizixeko kwaye ithi era elikude, umzekelo, i-German Technical Museum (Germany) okanye Museum of Gaz de France (France).