Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev - izigidi Azerbaijani kunye van'wankumi, State uCeba: engobomi, usapho, olunomdla zobomi

Abantu abaninzi kubizwa ngokuba mkhulu, kodwa. Ngokomzekelo, umntu onjalo - Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev. Ibali lobomi bakhe izele izibakala umdla. Malunga naye achaza ngayo kweli nqaku.

A isiqalo esihle

Kazi ukuba ngusozigidi Azerbaijani elizayo wazalwa umkhandi amahlwempu. Abazali bakhe baba ukufunda, oku kuchaza ukuba umhla wokuzalwa na Tagiyev ayaziwa. Kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ngo-1823. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev yaba ezolileyo yaye ikhuthele. Emva kokufa unina xa wayeneminyaka engama-10 kuphela ubudala, uyise wamthumela ukuba isebenze. Boy iba eyahamba ngogesi. Ke kona ukuba ithwalwe ngazo ebhafini kunye nesisombululo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, yena wafundisa ukuba baqingqe amatye, yaye iinkosi omnye ezintathu yobugcisa kunye ngokwakhe uba umakhi.

Nantso luck

Oku kwaba luncedo kuye kwixesha elizayo. Waba nako ukuzibamba wakha izakhiwo zazo ngaphandle ukuthembela uluvo somnye. Kungekudala Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev uba umakhi-kwikontrakta. Ekwazile ukwenza imali. Nangona kukho banentsomi yokuba ikomkhulu lakhe lokuqala waweva ukufumana ubutyebi kwigumbi indlu ishiywe, leyo yena kwakanye eyakhiwe, yaye ngoko ke unako ukuyivula. Kamva ethenga izityalo zeparafini kunye nokudala inkampani yakhe, uqala imveliso yayo.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, kunye nabahlobo bakhe yokuqeshisa umhlaba. Nabo baqala kusombiwa. Indawo ukuvelisa oyile lwakhethwa Bibiheybat. lo mhlaba akukho wawunesisa kubo, kwaye ukusuka amaqula akakwazanga ukufumana nantoni na. Amaqabane baye bagqiba ekubeni bathengise izabelo zabo, kodwa Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev nomonde. Ekugqibeleni, omnye amaqula wambetha ioli. Patience kwaba nomvuzo. oyile Baku wenza Tagiyev izityebi ezininzi kunye lucky.

Indlela ngobuciko

Waqalisa ukuphuhlisa ubugcisa bakhe kwaye into yokuqala wabeka phambi kwakhe ngendlela elungileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev ababenza kwamanye amacandelo oshishino. Wenza utyalo-mali efunyenwe kwimveliso ye-oyile kwamanye amashishini. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, inkampani yakhe sele abanini mathathu isishumi umhlaba apho ioli wavelisa kakuhle. Baba Balakhna kunye Bibi-Heybat. Ukuthutha ioli, Tagiyev uthenge schooners ezimbini. yempahla Ioli-yokugcina eziqeshiweyo embalwa, enye yazo eMoscow.

unxibelelwano oluhle

Ke kaloku, ioli eveliswe mveliso yawo. Ngaba zeparafini kunye oyile ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe. Inkampani "iSibasi" wadalwa ngelo xesha. Yena wayenza kurhwebo kwi lweCaspian-Black Sea kunye nolwalathiso ekule Rothschilds. Tagiyev ubeke phambili ingcamango yokuba yombhobho "Baku-Batumi" eyayiza kwakhiwa. Yayakhiwe kwiminyaka 10 kwaye ibanga leekhilomitha 800. Wahamba nge Kurinskaya kunye Rioni nelezihlambo, nelamaxandeka zaseCaucasus Njengomncinane, unyawo Surami Fortress. Ngoko ke, lo mbhobho wacofa kunxweme lweCaspian kunye Black Seas. Yaba kuphela kwiprojekthi Tagiyev kwenziwa kubanjiswene namanye ongxowankulu. Kwakhona wadala uluntu samahashe-zikaloliwe sisungule competi yokuqala.

Cotton lokusila Zenalabdina Haji Tagiyev

usozimali Azerbaijani wayengekho nje zizityebi, kodwa umntu ohloniphekileyo. Abantu wanobubele kuye, ngokuba unonophelo kubo. Umzekelo, ukuba nje kwakhiwa le mveliso, yaye wacinga ukuba kwabo baya kusebenza kuwo, kwaba kakuhle. Wakha mosque, njengesikolo sabantwana zabasebenzi. Kwaye ke ootitshala imivuzo ehlawuliweyo epokothweni. iziko lonyango kunye kwikhemesti zavulwa kubasebenzi. Tagiyev kakuhle nokuba abasebenzi Sizibandakanye kwimfundo-self, waya kwiiklasi ngokuhlwa.

facer

Haji ukuze lukhuni kolu khuphiswano. Wayesazimisele wacinga ngabantu abaqhelekileyo, ezifana eyayingamonwabisanga uyise. Kodwa ukuvula i mveliso akuzange kube lula kakhulu. Nangona kwakukho textile ezininzi silwenza eRashiya. abanikazi bazo okhuphisana akufunwanga, ingakumbi abahlala kweli lizwe bomqhaphu. Eneneni, kufutshane izinto ekrwada kwenze ukuba sikwazi ukucutha ixabiso iimveliso, nto leyo ethetha ukuba lokuthunga eziveliswe etyeni lokusila Tagiyev, babethengisa ngcono. Emir of eBukhara, esoyikela ukuba ilahleko kweemarike, Tagiyev ehlongoza ukuba kwakhiwe umzi-mveliso in eBukhara. Kodwa Haji wenqaba yakhe.

imveliso elungileyo

Wayefuna ukuqala imveliso ekhaya nkqu ndathenga isiqwenga enkulu somhlaba kwisithili Javanshir, eyaqala ukukhula kakhulu umqhaphu, ukuqinisekisa izinto mveliso yayo ekrwada. Ngenxa yoko, imveliso ngoMay. Kodwa zavelisa calico kuphela, esiya umnyinyiva abadlali abachasene Eli shishini mveliso livelisa ezinye iintlobo kwithishyu.

Kodwa calico kwemfuno enkulu, ingakumbi phakathi Muslims. Ngapha koko, ukuba yenziwe mveliso abasebenzi Muslim abangabakhe ukholo efanayo. Ngoko ke, enkulu ekwenzeni impahla yomngcwabo zemveli kunye neempahla ukuba baguquke abantu ukuya kunqula yeendawo ezingcwele. Le mveliso iye nezixhotyiswe ngeteknoloji entsha ixesha. Nangona kanye okhuphisana uqale umlilo kwi-mveliso. Ewe, asingabo bonke wayitshisa phantsi, kodwa ke umonakalo omkhulu. Izixhobo ingasebenziyo, wafa isitokhwe kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko ikwazile ukuba ukuphinda-ukuseka imveliso, yaye emva kwethutyana Haji Zeynalabdin wavula mveliso yayo yesibini Tiflis.

Fisheries Tagiyev

Ingabinani Gadzhi Zeynalabdina waba nomdla kakhulu. U fanele ku kushishino ka Dagestan. neekhilomitha kwama-300 ukusuka Makhachkala ukuya Tagiyev lokuloba lweCaspian ukwandisa imali engenayo. Waphinda waqesha okuloba karhulumente emlanjeni Kura. It wabamba Intlanzi, ukutya, Intlanzi, nesalmon kunye nezinye iintlanzi. Dagestan wabanika babambisa omkhulu herring. Okwenziwe iimveliso factory Haji. Yavelisa amaqanda, ezinikwa eRashiya naseYurophu.

usozimali ekhaya

intsapho Tagiyev Yintoni? Waye watshata kabini yaye abantwana abasibhozo. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala, Zainab, owathi, ngokuzenzekelayo, umzala wakhe, wazala oonyana ababini kunye nentombi. (Ismail, Sadiq kunye Khanym). Xa unyana wakhe Sadiq watshata Tagiyev wazithanda udade oselula umfazi wakhe Sona Arablinsky. Yena ke intombi uLieutenant-Jikelele umkhosi Russian. Waye ngoxolo nokumkani kwaye nkqu wawongwa iingalo zegolide. Le nyaniso wanceda iintombi wakhe omnci ukubhalisa kuqeqesho kwi the Smolny Institute e St. Petersburg, wona kuphela iintombi Khans kunye Beks. Nomfazi wakhe wesibini, ukongeza iintombi amathathu - USarah, uSara, kunye Leila, e Tagiyev ebenoonyana ababini - Ilias kunye Mamed.

imihlobo wethamsanqa

Ubomi obude wahlala Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev. Umfazi wakhe kunye nabantwana kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphile ubuhlwempu emva kokufa kwakhe. Kwilizwe lethu, njengokuba ixesha yaba ixesha Sovietization. Emva kokufa intsapho yakhe izigidi, ndayihluthwa zonke iindlela zokutya kunye elahlwe esitalatweni. Umfazi wakhe Sona wafa ubuhlwempu imaxongo ngowe-1932. Vala ayishiya, kodwa inceba yakhe akukho bani ukuba ityala. Wayesazi ukuba yintoni kuphumelela ukuba inkxaso yakhe.

Leila, intombi enkulu Haji wakwazi thutha ku Istanbul kunye nomyeni wakhe, nto leyo wabasindisa ekufeni. Nangona uyise wacaphuka gqitha yi iindaba. Umyinge intombi uSarah ekucingelwa yokulungiselela ukubulala laseKirov kaThixo, wabanjwa waza wachitha iminyaka emibini eSt Petersburg entolongweni. Ngowe-1941, intombi yakhe Safia sele awayethinjwe Sterlitamak apho yena wahamba nomyeni wakhe kunye nabantwana. Intombi encinci wachitha ubomi bakhe ku Baku, kunye nomyeni wakhe, wayesebenza wamazinyo. Ilyas Mammad oonyana wambulala. Ilyas wafela entolongweni.

intethelelo

Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev wayesaziwa begxeka yakhe. Lokubandakanyeka yesisa kunye nomfazi wakhe. Yena waye umphathiswa yamaziko emfundo, imirhumo uthando umbutho, ukunceda abo basweleyo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, intombi yakhe uSara lukhuni. E Baku wabuyela emva kokufa kukaStalin waza waqalisa ukuzama ukubuyisela igama kakuhle uYise. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto iye yakwazi ukwenza. Izikhulu sisithulu isicelo sakhe. Kwelinye icala, intombi yakhe Safia wakwazi ukuseka ingxowa yesisa ogama emva kokuba unina. Waqala ukuqokelela imali uze uthumele ukuba izigulane abasweleyo, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Intombi yakhe Camille nayo liyaqhubeka eli siko, kodwa ukuba wenze sa ngayo ixesha lethu nzima kakhulu.

apha kuphela

Kutheni Taghiyev akasishiyanga ilizwe yaye akazange ukugcina usapho lwakhe, njengoko wenza abaninzi abantu abazizityebi? Into yokuba wayemthanda kwilizwe lakhe Azerbaijan. Nangona kukho amarhe ukuba ufuna ukuya Turkey wakhanyela, yena kubo. Tagiyev umnakekeli bonke ubutyebi bakhe. Bona musa kubanika kuhlala endlwini yakhe edolophini, yaye sele kumsobomvu zokwaluphala. Sekunjalo ingqalelo iinkonzo bakhe kubantu Azerbaijani aze avunyelwe ukuba sichithe imihla yokugqibela kweli lizwe Mardakan. Kukho kwakhona wafudukela nentsapho yakhe.

njengokuba sifuze

Ngexesha lokudla kwakhe; ubezukile yena Abuturaba Molla, owathi Tagiyev ekufuneka ilungiswe indlela obukhoyo isiphelo kunye nelahleko ubutyebi, waza wacela ukuba bacinge ngakumbi ngonaphakade. La mazwi elithile lokwenyaniso. Ngoko Tagiyev ukuba wangcwatyelwa kufuphi Abuturaba. kwazaliseka Esi sicelo, waza wafumana indawo ulele yokungcwaba Mardakan. Ngaphezu ingcwaba lakhe yayakhiwe yamangcwaba, leyo wawa kunye nexesha. Kodwa ningabadla Haji Zeynalabdin kwimemori abantu Azerbaijani.

Ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba

Asingabo bonke abantu abaya kusinda ilahleko nokuqina ubutyebi bakhe. Ingakumbi ukuba oko owned, kwaba ngathi kukhulu loo of Tagiyev. Kodwa ngaphandle imali yakhe izakhiwo eziliqela. waba kwibhotwe lakhe kumbindi Baku. uphahla Zazihonjiswe a lwale ingxilimbela. Ngoku ke imyuziyam of Azerbaijan. Ukufika e Moscow, Tagiyev wahlala endlwini yakhe, elakhiwa kufutshane uLenin Library. Esi sakhiwo waba imigangatho 4 ihonjiswe abane eqaqambileyo ekwezi izibane igesi. Tagiyev ziye mveliso, iimoto, ukuloba, iimpahla zorhwebo kunye umkhweli, Mills. Ukongeza, ukuba babe ilifa ilizwe e Mardakan, sase-ofisi kwamanye amazwe.

imisebenzi emihle

Haji Zeynalabdin ukuba ilale imfuyo yakhe. Xa ekhaya yakhe waqhubeka izembe yakudala wahlala naye kususela kwixesha xa nje umakhi. Ziyakhunjuzwa naye izenzakalo ubomi, nokuba impumelelo ezingadala ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha. Tagiyev wayesoloko wanceda abantu yaye akazange azilibale ukuba wayevela khona, kusapho oluhlwempuzekileyo elula.

Haji wenza iminikelo rhoqo izinto ezilungileyo. Agcina irekhodi ngqo imali wanikela. Hi xikombiso, u nyikele engange 50,000 isikolo yorhwebo apho abantwana bafundiswa Muslims. Wanceda abantu abagulayo iinkedama, nabahlolokazi,. imali yakhe kwakhiwa sisakhiwo Society Muslim Accounting eSt Petersburg. Wabingelela ukuba kutywinwe iintanda zamaSilamsi, nokwenizwa yamangcwaba. 55000 engange upasisiwe ukwakhiwa madrassas e Tehran. Russian girls yesikolo "Saint Nina" ifumene 5000 engange kuye.

ngokuba abantu

Tagiyev wayengusihlalo yekhethelo wolona yesisa. Wakha izikolo yaye ibeka ugxininiso olukhulu kwimfundo yabantu abatsha. Ingakumbi unekhono wahlawula uqeqesho kwi neeyunivesithi eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Kazan. Kweli nqaku, senza sizakugquma ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla nobomi Tagiyev. Enye yazo kukuba wamnika isakhiwo esinemigangatho ezintlanu-selitye nje entolongweni. Isibakala sokuba amabanjwa zabanjwa ngaphambili kwi siqithi, kodwa close kwakunzima kakhulu ukufumana apho. Apha Tagiyev wamfumana isisombululo umdla kule ngxaki. Ngaphezu koko, Haji Zeynalabdin negalelo yokuba Quran yaguqulelwa Azerbaijani. On imali yakhe zashicilelwa ezi ncwadi.

Ngoko ke, nathi, ungakwazi

isikolo amantombazana yokuqala 'ku Baku - nazo zifanelwe Tagiyev. Xa endleleni yakhe wadibana ezininzi iingxaki. Abefundisi nombono. Ngoko Haji Kwanyanzeleka ukuba athumele pier Mirza Muhammad ukuba imvume ukuvula isikolo ukuya muzhtahidam ababhinqileyo Muslim kuhlonitshwa. Yayifunyenwe, waza wakha isikolo phezu imali Tagiyev. Ngaphambili, amaSilamsi ukuba izikolo akukho namantombazana '. Ngoko ke, yaba ezintsha ngelo xesha. Isakhiwo sikolo ibe intle kunene. Uqeqesho yayihanjelwe amantombazana malunga nekhulu. Ngaphezu koko, abantwana abavela kwiintsapho ezihluphekileyo ababexolelwe ekuhlawuleni iifizi zezifundo. Iindleko ingahlawulwa Tagiyev. UMlawuli waba Ganifa Melikov.

indondo Wawongwa

Amantombazana musa nje bafunde, babehlala esikolweni ndidibana nezalamane kanye kuphela ngeveki. Tagiyev waba nebhongo ngumqondo yakhe. On kokuphumelela, yena usoloko ekulungele amantombazana izipho, phakathi apho kwakukho iincwadi, njengezikhumbuzo, iimpahla. Tagiyev wayeyoliswa kakhulu iincwadi. Wanceda bahlanganise i ilayibrari yesikolo obalaseleyo. Yaye iincwadi kuphela, kodwa ndaba neemagazini.

Emva kweminyaka embalwa kwizikolo ezithile namantombazana 'baba in Baku. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba iinkonzo eRashiya Tagiyev wawongwa isihloko "State UCeba". Wafumana yakhe kakuhle yayibafanele. Emva yonke yobomi bakhe wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lwemfundo kunye nenkcubeko eli lizwe. Isihloko "uCeba of State" wanika umnini ezininzi iingenelo. Ukuze umntu, benza, kwakumele ukuba ukujongana "Obalaseleyo Yakho", yena kungathatha izikhundla eziphezulu kwinkonzo karhulumente.

Ukuze siphile kakuhle

Haji Zeynalabdin ukusifundisa ntoni kowabo. Wayesazi ingxaki yakhe ezamela uzisombulule. Kwiinzame ukuba batyale imithi namatyholo Baku, wacinga ukuba oku kuqala kufuneka ufunde ezi ngcali, ngoko wavula uthandwa egadini yesikolo. Kulo isandstone, wabeka uAshera zovavanyo. Kwakhona phakathi komzi kwakukho ingxaki yamanzi. Ngoko ke Tagiyev wagqiba kwacaba emanzini. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ke asayina isivumelwano esiqinileyo amazwe. -Waziwa kakuhle ingcali uWilliam Lindley iqala kummandla bafuna amanzi Baku. Uyifumane ngeekhilomitha ezili-190 ukusuka emzini. Council City wamelana ekuqhubeni ngemibhobho yamanzi. Kodwa Tagiyev wathi, kokukhona ukuba wafaka imali yabo. Ngenxa yoko, yakhiwa amanzi, kunye Haji wafumana wabulela ebantwini.

Yabelana nabanye

Tagiyev eyaziwa hayi kuphela inceba yakhe, kodwa ubulumko. Ngamaxesha yendlala, xa iinkozo akuba yazuza amashwa kwabanye, ithengiswe ngamaxabiso eqolo, Tagiyev wakha barn ezine iyaphuphuma ngamanyondololo nerayisi, nomgubo ocoliweyo, nengqolowa nerhasi. Konke oku ingqolowa Wabela abasweleyo simahla. Wisdom Haji uthi ilivo enye. Ngenye imini weva ukuba umzi akukho imfuno iintlanzi. Ngenxa yoku, abalobi akazange avume ukuya emsebenzini. koko Tagiyev waya kwindawo zokuloba, umlobi wathabatha intlanzi ephilayo niyibeke emlonyeni wakho umsesane wakho diamond. Emva koko wakhupha iintlanzi umva waya emanzini, waza wathembisa ukuba ndikunike eli iringi ukuze nabani na odibana naye. Le rumor ngokukhawuleza, linwenwe kulo mzi, ngoko abantu baqala ukuthenga intlanzi, ngethemba lokuba babe ngabanini zexabiso.

izinto ebanzi

Kuba imali yabo Tagiyev awayakhayo Baku Drama Theatre. Eqongeni kwayo okokuqala baqalisa ukwenza umfazi. Emva kweminyaka engama-30 kwindawo yokubonela wayibhiyozela isikhumbuzo seminyaka engamashumi amathathu zemveliso lokuqala kumabala emidlalo. hambo Nemikhosi esi siganeko wabhala Uzeir Gadzhibekov. Ngexesha ekwenzeni lo msebenzi eqongeni kumi van'wankumi ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Amagcisa wenza indlela yokuba abe ngumqondiso intlonelo. Hall wanika ngentswahla bevuyisana imile.

Tagiyev ukufundisa abantu, wabathanda ukunxibelelana nabantu abakrelekrele, abafundileyo. Ngoko ke, ukufika in Baku Di Mendeleev akuthabatha iholide. Scientist abanomdla eolini Baku. Haji Zeynalabdin wafumana ngokufudumeleyo kuye. Tagiyev House laliyindawo esidlweni. Umnini waye ukufota kunye undwendwe waza wamsa ukuba ayokwenziwa wesandla. Le ifoto wema phezu kwedesika yakhe ofisi. Kodwa Mendeleev Tagiyev okhankanywe kwinqaku "Oil" kwi Brockhaus kunye Nephron.

Kwaye kukho ungquzulwano?

Haji ubudlelwane umdla kunye noMlawuli Alexander III. Indlela ngokufanele ikholwa Tagiyev yakhethwa ukuba amele Muslim eCaucasus kwi ibekwa wokumkani. Ebudeni kulenkonzo, wayambethe isinxibo Muslim yesizwe. Yena wayenxibe ikepusi wakhe, arhalug, chukha, Tcharykov. Ezandleni zakhe wayebambe itawuli apho kwakukho isonka kunye netyuwa. INkulumbuso wamazisa njengommeli abantu zasendle. Ukuphendula lo, Tagiyev wathi uhlanga wakhe abe ubutyebi bembali kwaye ayikho zasendle. Isiganeko sesibini ezingemnandi kwenzeka xa Alexander III weza Baku. Station nomzi ihonjiswe phambi kokufika yokumkani. Igquba labantu belindele ngumlawuli wabo. Tagiyev akazange ndiyisuse ikepusi yakhe uboya intloko yakhe, wabona Alexander III, njengoko yenza abanye abantu. Umlawuli Kwaba kubi emehlweni. Ngoko ke waya Haji ukucacisa kabani ummi yena. Kwaye nangona Tagiyev kubonisa impendulo, waba mhlekazi wakhe, waphendula ngendlela yakhe, ukuba ngummi yoBukhosi baseRashiya.

izidlo free

Kweli nqaku, wafunda ngubani Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev. Charity waba egazini lakhe. Yena akwazi ukunceda kodwa benze imisebenzi emihle. Kwakhona, ukuya ngoku siva amarhe malunga nesisa kwakhe nanto. Elinye ibali isixelela ukuba xa kwenzeke eJamani, xa kwafika Tagiyev. Ngo enye zokutyela, apho aphumileyo sasemini, yena wayengekho ungxamile ukukhonza. Man oriental imbonakalo kunye abaqhelekileyo impahla akazange abangele apho intlonipho kubalungiseleli.

Kodwa Tagiyev kwakungelula kangako. Naye waba ngumguquleli eyanceda Haji banxibelelane umnini yokutyela. Ekuqaleni, ngoko akufundileyo sasemini esikolweni, waza wacela ukuba ukubala ukuba zingaphi kukho isidlo sangokuhlwa ngabantu 20. Emva koko wacela indlela bekuya uphulukane isidlo ngabantu kwikhulu iminyaka emakhulu. Manani zinkulu. Tagiyev kodwa andizange ndinikhathaze ngakufuna nto, waza wahlawula sasemini ngamnye Azerbaijani abaya kuya kule restyu iminyaka elikhulu. Le mvumelwano yasayinwa ngo-1911. It liphelelwe ngo-2011, njengoko e Azerbaijan wafumana ileta evela kwi Embassy German.

Nantsi i siphelo umdla yaye kunzima ukuba umntu owayeza kuba ngusozigidi waza waphelelwa yonke into. Ngokuqinisekileyo ke ndisamkela indlu Tagiyev iindwendwe, umnini nje wayebathanda abantu nokubanceda. Haji Zeynalabdin uthe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba ezihlonipha inkolo nembeko nemithetho yayo, ukuze ubambe isandla sakhe sokunene phezu Koran. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, isandla sakhe sasekhohlo ebambe kwiphephandaba, nto leyo ethetha ihamba phambili inkqubela.