Hepatitis C: sokuphila. isifo eyiyo kunye nonyango kwezigulane hepatitis C

Hepatitis C sisifo esosulelayo kwesibindi. Ngokutsho manani, esi sifo sichaphazela ngaphezulu kwezigidi 170 abantu ehlabathini jikelele. Minyaka banesifo kwizigulane million 3-4, kwaye uxilongo eyoyikekayo rhoqo ngakumbi ukuva abantu abatsha kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Khawuve ukuba kutheni kukho hepatitis C, iminyaka yobomi kwesi sifo kunye neendlela kunokwenzeka zonyango.

Kakuhle eli sifo

Zingene kwesibindi, i-hepatitis C intsholongwane phinda ngokukhawuleza. Ukutshabalalisa iiseli kwaye zibangela ukufa kwabo, oko kuphakamisa uphuhliso oluqhubekayo inkqubo arhabaxa. Ukufaka iiseli isibindi usempilweni kwizicwili, ihepatitis C intsholongwane kudale kwesibindi, ukusilela isibindi kunye yobubi.

transmission indlela

Usulelo kwenzeka ubukhulu becala ngenxa yegazi. Phakathi nobangela uqhelekileyo intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni womntu maziqatshelwe:

· Ukuphinda ukusetyenziswa yezidakamizwa naliti;

· Ukutofelwa igazi Kwisigulane esine-hepatitis C onempilo;

· Umsebenzi lwabasebenzi bezonyango kunye neencindi zomzimba ezosulelekileyo.

Oku kubonakaliswa ukuba kukho amathuba usulelo olufumaneka ngokwayamana, kodwa kuyenzeka kakhulu kunqabile (akukho ngaphezulu kwe-5% amatyala). Ipesenti efanayo lilonke yokuba inaso intsholongwane kwenzeka ebudeni sicatshulwa wosana ngokusebenzisa lomsele lokuzalwa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho ubungqina saneleyo ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane ngobisi lwebele xa lusidla. Xa nabo ekhaya esi sifo ayihambi.

genotypes virus

Xa lokufunyaniswa "C" kweminyaka yokuphila kuxhomekeke kweejini kwentsholongwane, kumzimba eyosulelekileyo. Kule mihla safumana genotypes 6 iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, inkoliso iintsholongwane ibonakele egazini izigulane genotypes 1, 2, 3. Eyona okufana ikhosi kakhulu sohlobo C, nto leyo ebangelwa yintsholongwane 1b-kweejini.

symptomatology

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo kohlobo egazini, hepatitis C ekuso ukuba umlambo elide ngokukhanya. Ixesha elisuke kwesi sifo yahluka ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-20 ukuya 140. Ngokufuthi, iimpawu zesi sifo ixesha elide ndingekhoyo ngokupheleleyo, iyenza nzima isifo kwangethuba. Ukusola sohlobo C kwisigaba sokuqala sifo kufuneka kwenzeka phambi iimpawu ezifana:

· Ukukhathala, nokuba nditsala nzima, yobuthathaka;

·-Caphu, ukugabha, isitulo izibane, belching ne enyongweni;

· Fever elide, iintlungu edibeneyo, kuthibaza;

· Bala Icteric ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi;

· Ubuhlungu esibindini.

Ezinye izigulane isikhalazo ukuba ukongeza yintloko kunye nesikhumba silume. ukuphazamiseka wokutya kuvela kunye nophuhliso sifo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, hepatitis ekugqibeleni liphuhlisa kwifomu esinganyangekiyo. Noko ke, malunga ne-20% ezigulane nangoku ilawula ukuphumeza bachache ngokupheleleyo. Iimpawu kohlobo C zezi:

· Amandla, ukudinwa kunye ukozela. Isigulane uyavuka kusasa nzima kwaye ukhetha ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuba phezulu, ulale phantsi ebhedini.

· Utshintsho imo yokucima izenzo. Kuba izigulane luphawulwa ukuphuthelwa ebusuku kunye nobuthongo emini. Ezi mpawu asenokubonisa uphuhliso lwe Encephalopathy hepatic.

· I-likhula ngokukhawuleza ukuphazamiseka dyspeptic: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukungabi namdla.

Ukugula ngendlela ezingapheliyo iyakwazi ukuba ihlale iminyaka ngeminyaka. Abantu abaninzi abaphila ne-hepatitis C, nkqu esazi ukuba imizimba yazo wambetha intsholongwane kakhulu.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuchonga hepatitis C enokubakho isigulane kufuneka ibuyiselwe enzyme-enxulumene kulingwa immunosorbent (ELISA test) evumela ukuba ukubona ubukho omzimba igazi ezithile (anti-abanesifo). Noko ke, kolu phando amathuba enkulu ngokwaneleyo zokufumana ngenxa okungamanga (xa umntu eneneni usempilweni, kodwa uvavanyo ithi egula). Ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa esi siphumo gama olwenziwe yi immunoblot amayeza. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye japan layo ephozithivu ubonisa kuphela ubukho antibodies emzimbeni, kodwa hayi phambi intsholongwane kuyo.

Kumanqanaba okuqala esi sifo, xa kukho into zange ziphuhliswe izilwa-buhlungu ngokwaneleyo, immunoblot amayeza kunye ELISA uyakwazi nokuxilonga hepatitis C elibi, ngoxa eneneni intsholongwane sele kuhlala emzimbeni womntu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, indlela inokuthenjwa yophando ixhasa uxilongo PCR (polymerase chain reaction), nto leyo evumela ukuba ukuchonga kuphela ubukho egazini sohlobo C ntsholongwane, kodwa ukufumanisa iqondo umthamo wentsholongwane egazini.

Unyango Hepatitis C

Izimvo kumagqirha zibonisa ukuba esi sifo siyanyangeka, kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - ngexesha ukubona ubukho bayo kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango. Ukhetho unyango usoloko ngamnye kwaye kuxhomekeke besini lwe kwisigulana, kweejini ye kohlobo C yintsholongwane, ngesidanga nomonakalo wesibindi. Kudla emiselweyo iziyobisi antiviral, kwakunye namachiza isenzo sakhe sibhekiswe ekwandiseni zokuzikhusela zomzimba. Faka indibanisela amachiza amabini: interferon-alpha kunye ribavirin. Interferon - iproteni ukuba, ekhawulelana kohlobo B evela kwi umzimba ngokwemvelo. Ichiza komeleza amajoni omzimba ukuba ulwe usulelo. Ribavirin sisiyobisi, abangaphangeliyo virus ukuphindaphindeka. Kuba unyango ezinesifo enzima okanye kakhulu inhibitors protease nawo emiselweyo ( "Boceprevir" "Insivek"). Ngokutsho uphawu umsebenzi antiviral kweziyobisi, nto leyo ephazamisana kakhulu inkqubo ukuphindaphindeka ntsholongwane.

Enye nokuqhubekayo entsimini unyango antiviral sohlobo C kuthathwa sofosbuvir emele ngumqobo RNA polymerase, nto leyo eyenza kube yokuzala phantse akunakwenzeka yentsholongwane iiseli esibindini. izilingo therapeutic aye abonisa ukusebenza eliphezulu yaye yaqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwayo.

iziphumo zonyango

Ngokubanzi, unyango lumalunga ne-100% ezigulane ngamagciwane le genotypes we2 3rd akugqiba bachache ngokupheleleyo. Nangona ukusebenza ekulweni hepatitis C ntsholongwane kweejini 1 yi-50% kuphela. Amathuba sokuBuyisa iXesha ekuPhulukenwe kuxhomekeke iimpawu ngamnye zesi sifo, umguli kunye nezakhono zobungcali ye ingcali okunyangayo.

Iminyaka yokuphila kwezigulane hepatitis C

Le ntsholongwane asibikho ayiyo yingozi ofayo, oko kukhuthaza kuphela ubomi isigulane kunciphisa iinkqubo zabantu zophendlo lwezifo. Akukho lula ukubona ngokufanayo kubo bonke abantu abasuleleke ixesha lekhefu elithile, xa ibakho umzimba kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni zokufa. Xa sifo, ezifana hepatitis C, ubude wobomi kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, eziquka:

· Indlela ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane;

· Ubudala Nomonde kunye sex;

· Isimo sifo;

· Ixesha zokosuleleka;

· Unyango ngexesha;

· Kukugcina ngendlela enempilo;

· Le lobukho nokungabikho kwezifo ehamba ezondeleyo (ukutyeba, diabetes).

Ngowe-30% ezigulane kunye ukuqhubeka kwesifo zingenzeka engama-50 emva kokosuleleka, kodwa ngenxa yokuba aba bantu kufuneka zonke ithuba aphile ixesha elide. Kwakhona, 30% yexesha hepatitis abosulelekileyo lokuphumla emva kokuba isanda phambi kuphuhliso zesibindi kwesibindi nto ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-20. Abantu abahlukumeza utywala ukuphuhlisa ukuqina emva kweminyaka 5-8 kuphela. Ukongezelela, nzima ukuze bazale abantwana kunye nesifo abadala.

Ubomi kwezigulane hepatitis C

Kufuneka Izigulane hepatitis C athathe onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba ukosulela kubantu abasempilweni. Kwakhona, izigulane kufuneka silungise indlela yakho okunciphisa okanye mhlawumbi, ungade, ukulahla ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ukuba umthwalo ngokwabo yezandla enzima, ukuphelisa ukusuka ukutya ukutya okuneziqholo eqhotsiweyo.

Kuluncedo ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo, adle, nidle iziqhamo ezininzi kunye nemifuno. Kufuneka aphathwe ngokuqaphela ukufumana izongezo zokutya kunye neevithamini enokuchaphazela kakubi esibindini. ukucoca ekucetyiswa nokugcina isibindi gepatoprotektory, amayeza ngamayeza. wasiqwalasela rhoqo, uphando ukunceda iliso umthamo wentsholongwane egazini. Kubalulekile ukuba ukomeleza amajoni omzimba ngokuthi isebenze eziphumelela anti-virus. Xa uxilongo angalindela "C" ubomi ukwandisa amandla aleleyo omntu ngamnye, oko kufuna indlela esinzulu kakhulu yonyango sifo nokuphumeza zonke iingcebiso ingcali.