I-Acne kuma-adolescents: unyango, izizathu, iziyobisi. Acne e selula

I-acne isifo esibangelisayo esibusweni. Kwenzeka kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pilosebatsionnyh izakhiwo zomntu. Ezi zakhiwo zibandakanya izilwanyana ezinqabileyo kunye neenwele zeenwele.

Imbali yekota

Ixesha elichaza isifo esinjengeengcipheko eziselula, kubonakala kwiGrisi lasendulo. Ngokuqala kukhankanywe kwimisebenzi ka-Aetius Amidsky, owayesebenza ngogqirha wase-Byzantine umbusi waseJustinian I ngekhulu le-6 AD.

Inqobo yento "ye-acne" ivela kwiingcamango zesiGrike zasendulo, kwiinguqulelo zangempela ezichaza "ukuphakama, ukugquma, umda".

Izizathu zesifo

Iingcali zichonga izizathu ezininzi ze-acne kuma-adolescents. Unyango lunokwenzeka, kodwa lufuna ukunyaniseka nokuthotyelwa ngenyameko kuyo yonke imiqathango kadokotela.

Esinye sezimbangela ezibalulekileyo ze-acne yi-heredity. Kananjalo, oogqirha bachaza umsebenzi we-hormonal ebusheni, xa amantombazana eqala umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, kunye ne-acne kumakhwenkwe asetsheni avela ebusheni.

I-acne nayo ingenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki zesigxina sesisu, ukuxinezeleka, izigulane ezingasondelanga, ukuqokelela okukhulu kweeseli zesikhumba ezifile, nokuba nakho ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-anabolic, kunye nokulungiselela ama-halogen.

Into eqhelekileyo phakathi koogqirha kwakuyiyo ngcamango yokuba i-acne ebantwaneni bebuntwaneni ibangelwa umsebenzi we-hormonal kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kamva izazinzulu zifumanisa ukuba isifo sivutha ngamahomoni amaninzi. Ngokukodwa, i-testosterone.

Kwixesha lokubhengeza emva kwexesha lokushicilela, iimpumpo kumantombazana aselula awanqabile. Kule meko, le nto isele impawu zesifo esibi, umzekelo, isifo sikaCushing. Ngexesha elifanayo, kwiintsilelo zesikhumba zikhokelela kwii-carbohydrate ezingaphezulu kwezinto zokutya.

Ukuhlulwa kwesifo

Ukuqonda indlela yokuncedisa ngale ngxaki, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba luphi uhlobo lwe-acne olubonakalayo kwiintsholongwane. Unyango oluxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo luyahluka.

Oogqirha bahlula iifom ezisisiseko. Okokuqala, i-comedonal. Ibonakala ngokubonakala kwe- acne evaliweyo kwi-chin, ebunzini nasemaphikweni empumlo. Kule meko, iinkqubo zokuvuvukala, njengombandela, azikho.

Enye ifomu ipapulo-pustular. Kubonakaliswa ngokubonakala kweefomation zangaphambili, zombini zivulekile kwaye zivaliwe. Inani leepustules lincinci.

I-Acne kumakhwenkwe asetsheni ibonakala ngokubonakalayo kwifom ye-nodular. Indawo yabo yokuziphatha isebunzini, i-chin, iimpumlo nezihlathi. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubuncinci bama-25-30 ama-pustules avela.

Ingxaki enkulu kakhulu ifom. Kule meko, i-teen acne ixuba ngeepustules, kubonakala iiflanzi ezinzulu kwaye zibuhlungu, indawo ezinkulu zesikhumba ziyavutha. Ukuba awuboneleli ngoncedo olufike ngexesha, ke le fom ibonakala ngokubonakala kwesikhumba kunye nezikrakra kwesikhumba.

Umfanekiso wekliniki

Oogqirha baveza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengqungquthela kunye ne-acne kuma-adolescents. Unyango lunokwenzeka, kwiimeko ezininzi, ulusu alukwazi ukufumana impawu zesifo. Ngaphandle komntu, ukuvutha kungabonakalisa esifubeni, ngokukodwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu, nangemuva. Kule mimandla ikhona iindawo ezinobunzima kakhulu. I-Acne iphinda ivuselele iinkqubo zokuvuvukala, ngenxa yokuba kukho i-formululent formations.

Iingqungquthela ezinomzimba, ezo iingcali zibiza iipustules, zome emva kokusasazeka. Kungenxa yoko, iimbumbulu nazo zakha, emva koko iziko ezibonakalayo zihlala.

Iimvalo emva kwe-acne ziintlobo ezininzi. Eyona yingozi kakhulu kwaye engathandekiyo inzulu, ngokubunjwa kwe-acid acid.

Iingqumbo zengqumbo zivame ukubonakala kwietempile nasezihlathini. Zifana kakhulu nemiphumo yenkukhu. Izikhonkwane ze-Keloid nazo ziyakwenzeka.

Ngokubanzi, umfanekiso wekliniki uhlukile kwi-acne kuma-adolescents. Unyango luya kuba buhlungu, inkqubo inokuqhubeka iminyaka emininzi.

Iimpawu

Eyona mininzi iselula, kukho isifo esinalo igama lesiLatini elithi acne vulgaris. Iintsholongwane ezi-14 ezithatha intsha zithinteka kakhulu kule fomu. Kuvela ngenxa yokhuseleko olungaphezu kwe-sebum kunye neengqungquthela, ezibeka iifolo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezi zinto kubangelwa ukuphulwa kwenkqubo yokrota. Kwakhona kuthiwa i-keratinization, xa amaseli efa kwisigcawu se-epidermal yolusu.

Ekugqibeleni, konke oku kuholele ekutshenzisweni kwamaseli esikhumba. I-sebum igxininisa phantsi kwezibonda ezivaliwe yisifo. Zonke ezi zinto zenza indawo efanelekileyo yokusasazwa kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi.

Iibhaktheriya ezibangela i-acne

Xa ama-pores e-adolescents atshayiswa ngenxa yokuphindaphinda kweebhaktheriya, eyona yingozi kunazo zonke ipropionibacterium acnes. Ixhasa ama-acids acids we-sebum. Igama layo lifunyenwe ngokufumana enye ye-metabolites-asiyric acid.

Ibhaktiriya inomdla kakhulu kwii-antibiotics ezivela kwiqela leetitracyclines, kunye neziyobisi ze-fluoroquinolone nazo zisetyenziselwa ukulwa nazo. Enye yezona zidume kakhulu phakathi kwazo yi-Adifloxacin.

Ngebhaktiriya, imitha ye-ultraviolet ikhuphisana kakuhle. Kananjalo, abanye oogqirha bancomela ukusebenzisa i-aminolevulinic acid. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela iziphumo ezibi kwizigulane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo le bhaktiriya inokuchaphazela ubuso kunye nenxalenye yentamo, nangona kukho ukungabikho. Phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezinqabileyo ezi bangela ukuba le bhaktiriya ibangele ukubunjwa kwee-cysts ezingenanto. Baya kushiya izikhwama esikhumbeni.

Acne Treatment

Unyango lwe-acne kuma-adolescents ufuna umonde kunye nokunyamezela, akunakukwazi ukunqoba esi sifo ngexesha elinye. Umsebenzi owona mkhulu kukuphelisa imbangela engundoqo - i-seborrhea.

Le yimeko ebuhlungu yesikhumba somntu, obangelwa yi-sebum eqine kakhulu. Ezi ngxaki zivela ngenxa yokuphulwa komnye okanye imisebenzi emininzi yeengqungquthela zesikhumba. Umzekelo, unomdla okanye i-endocrine.

Impawu ezicacileyo ze-seborrhea yesigulane - isikhumba esinamafutha ococekileyo, ukubetha, ukukhwabanisa, ukulahleka kweenwele kunye neentambo. Iyakwazi ukubonakalisa njengokwanda kwe-strumum corneum ye-epidermis.

Ukukrazula kwesi sifo, sebenzisa iindlela "i-disulfide selenium", "ketoconazole", "lithium succinate". Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amayeza, ukubonisana nodokotela kuyimfuneko.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza

Ngokuqhelekileyo indlela efanelekileyo ye-acne kuma-adolescents i-antibiotics. Ziyimfuneko kwinkqubo enzima yesifo. Kwixesha langaphambili, imali yayisetyenziswe, ukuphumelela kwayo akuzange kuqinisekiswe kwangoku. Oku kugonyelwa kwisigulane segazi lakhe, kunye ne-estrogens, kunye nokusula nge-salicylic acid isisombululo, kunye ne-ultraviolet irradiation, kunye ne-cryotherapy.

Ukuphumelela ukulwa ne-acne, kuyimfuneko ukususa ii-comedones - uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-cyst ebonakalayo xa iinwele zivaliwe ngama-horny masses. Ingaba yi-epithelium echongiweyo kunye namafutha amaninzi. I-Acne ivuliwe.

Iindlela ezifanelekileyo

Ukulwa ne-acne, iingcali zisebenzisa ukungabikho. Le yinkqubo yokususa intonga enqamlekileyo ye-eel ngoncedo lokucoca okanye ukugubha.

I-Galvanization kwi-physiotherapy ibonisa impembelelo ngqo kumzimba wesigulane kunye nokuqhubeka rhoqo kunye nokuqhubekayo kwamandla amancinane kunye nokuxhatshazwa. Injongo yodwa yonyango kunye nokukhusela. I-Galvanization yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-electrodes yokudibanisa isetyenziswe emzimbeni wesigulane, kufuneka idibanise neengxaki ezinqabileyo kweso sikhumba esichengeni sisifo.

Ukuthintelwa kwe-Acne

Ukuze kuthintele ukubonakala kwe-acne nentsha ebusheni, inqaku elinqabileyo lokukhusela liyeza kunyango lwe-seborrhea.

Kukho nezinye izinto eziphambili eziza kusindisa ezi zifo. Oku kuthotyelwa kolawulo. Kufuneka ukuba unike ixesha elaneleyo lokulala ngokufanelekileyo, ukuqhuba ubomi obusebenzayo. Ngexesha elininzi kunokwenzeka ukuba uchithe emoyeni omtsha, hamba rhoqo , ungalibali ngokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Into ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni i-acne kukugcina ukutya okuqinileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuwunqoba iimpumlo zentsholongwane, ngoko ke ungabandakanyi phakathi kwamanani akho okutya, ngokukodwa ukukhanyela kunye namafutha.

Iingcali ezininzi zicebisa ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisisiseko njengeprophylaxis. Le nto inqanda umsebenzi weengqungquthela ezixhambileyo, ithuba lokuvuvukala emva koko linciphisa ukuya kutsho.

Indlela yokuphatha intsimbi ngaphambili

Kwiminyaka emininzi, uluntu lulokhu luzama ukufumana indlela ephumelelayo kunye neyokufaneleka yokuphatha i-acne. Ngaloo ngxaki, abantu baye bafumana yonke imbali yabo.

KwaseRoma yakudala ukulwa ne-acne, abantwana abaselula babesebenzisa ibhafu ekhethekileyo baze bachithe amanzi amaminerali. Ngeli-XIX leminyaka, isulfure yayisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-acne kunye ne-acne. Ngama-1920, oogqirha bathatha i-benzoyl peroxide. Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo, ukusetyenziswa kwalo, nangona kunjalo, aluqinisekisi kakuhle ukusebenza kwalo. Ngama-1930, oogqirha baseMerika bafaka izigulane zabo ngezilonda zokulwa nezilonda.

Kwaye ukususela ngowe-1950 kwaqala ukusebenzisa i-antibiotics. Ngama-1960, i-tretinoin yayisetyenziswa ngamandla. Lo luhlobo lwe-pharmacological olunexabiso elikhulu levithamini A. Akunalo kuphela umphumo wokulwa nolwandle, kodwa luza kunceda ukujamelana nezicubu, ukuvutha kwendawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ukunciphisa inani leembimbi. Isiphumo esifanelekileyo siphumelele ngenxa yokuqiniswa komsebenzi wokuvuselela kweeseli kunye nokuhlaziywa kwawo okulandelayo.

Kwimarike namhlanje, unokufumana iziyobisi ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kwi-tretinoin. Kukho, umzekelo, i-creams esebenzayo kwaye iphumelelayo ukusuka kwi-acne.

Amalungiselelo anamhlanje

Ukususela kuma-1980, iidakamizwa ziye zasebenzisa ngokuthe gabalala i-"Isotretinoin". Esi sidakamizwa sisilungiso sangempela kwizifo ezininzi ze-dermatological. Ngokwenene, isalathisi esakhiweyo se vithamini A.

Nge-acne, indlela yokuthatha isenzo ilandelayo. Isilwanyana kuqala sinciphisa ubukhulu bomgca ophezulu we-epidermis. Xa ifika kwesikhumba, iqala ukuba nefuthe elincinci kwiiseli zecramum corneum. Ngenxa yoko, bayaphula kunye nokudibanisa. Kukhona impembelelo. Ngaloo ndlela, ubukhulu be-strumum corneum ye-epidermis yehla kakhulu kunokwenzeka. Oku kuyiluncedo, kuba luqulethe, ngokukodwa, kwiiseli sele zifile. Le nkqubo yenza izibonda zesikhumba evulekileyo, ezithintela ukubunjwa kwamathambo okanye ama-plugs.

Ukongezelela, isilwanyana sisebenzisa izixhobo zayo ze-comedonolytic. Ichithe iiplagi ezinamafutha, ngenxa yokuba iipilisi zesikhumba zisoloko zikhutshiwe. Ulusu lukhululekile kwi-acne. Ukongezelela, kuyindlela ekhuselekileyo yokuthintela ukubunjwa kwe-acne ebusheni.

Kwakhona, "i-Isotretinoin" iyanciphisa umsebenzi weengqungquthela ezihlambulukileyo. Kodwa le ngenye yezona zinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela i-acne, i-acne kunye ne-acne. Ukunyuka komsebenzi weengqungquthela ezixhamlayo ekugqibeleni kukukhokelela ekubeni i-ducts ivuliwe, kwaye ukwanda kwenkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamanqatha kuyabangela ukuba i-pores ibangele.

"I-Isotretinoin" inokuthi isebenzise ngokucacileyo umsebenzi weengqungquthela ezihlambulukileyo, ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwazo.

Kwiminyaka ye-1990, iisensi ze-laser zazisetyenziswa ngamandla kwiikliniki ukulwa ne-acne.

Ukulungelelaniswa ne-acne

Namhlanje kwii-shelf zama-pharmacy ungayifumana inani elikhulu lamachiza, ngeempumelelo ezahlukeneyo ezikuvumela ukuba ulwa ne-acne.

Ingaba yi-agent ye-bactericidal agents. Zisetyenziswe kwiifom ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwezi ziyobisi kubangela ukoma ngokweqile kwesikhumba, ukucaphuka nokubomvu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza okulwa neendawo zangaphandle, njenge-"Erythromycin", kunye ne- tetracycline antibiotics.

Ukulawulwa komlomo, ezinjalo iziza-antibiotics njenge- "Doxycycline", "Limecycline", kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izidumbu ze-dermatologists zibhalela "i-Trimethoprim".

Kwiminyaka yamuva unyango lwe-hormonal lusetyenziswe ngentshiseko. Kusebenza ngokukodwa kubasetyhini. Iziyobisi kufuneka zithathwe kwiinkqubo ezinzima. Ngokomzekelo, i-estrogen kunye neprogestogen.

Ukusebenza kwama-retinoids amaninzi, ngokukodwa okuqulethwe kwii-gels kunye neoli, kuqinisekiswa. Umzekelo, ngu "Effezel", "Klensit", "Izotreksin."

I-retinoids isetyenziswe ngaphakathi. Kubalulekile kwiifom ezinzima ze-acne. Kule meko dermatologists bhalela isigulane "Isotretinoin".

Ukusekwa ngendlela ephakamileyo, njengendlela yokuthathwa kwe-phototherapy. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibane ezikhethekileyo okanye i-laser, ngokuncedisa ukuba umonakalo we-sterization locally of foci inflammatory ufezekiswe.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iidermatologists zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-acne azelaic acid (ngokuqhelekileyo iifom zesifo) kunye ne-zinc.