I-Battle of Borodino 1812:. Ngokufutshane malunga main

I-Battle of Borodino ngo-1812 - emfazweni yathatha imini enye kuphela, kodwa yagcinwa kwimbali umhlaba phakathi iziganeko ezibaluleke kakhulu ehlabathini. Le igalelo uNapoleon athathwe, ndithembe ukuba ukoyisa ngokukhawuleza uBukhosi Russian, kodwa izicwangciso bakhe ziyeka. Ekukholelwa ukuba idabi Borodino yaba kwinqanaba lokuqala ukuwa kusoyisa odumileyo. Yintoni eyaziwayo mpi ekuhombisile Lermontov emsebenzini wakhe odumileyo?

I-Battle of Borodino ngo-1812: Background

Yaba ixesha xa imikhosi Bonaparte baye sele ikwazile ukuba ndizinyathele phantse yonke yezwekazi Europe, amandla umlawuli luboniswe ngisho Afrika. Ugxininisile ezingxoxweni kunye eliqikelelwayo ukuze ukufumana ukubusa umhlaba, wemka ukuthenga kuphela kolawulo mazwe Russian.

Ukoyisa ummandla Russia, wawuqokelela umkhosi, inani leyo eyayifikelela abantu malunga 600 amawaka. Umkhosi ngokukhawuleza phambili kwimeko. Noko ke, amajoni uNapoleon kaThixo, omnye emva komnye sambulala neyabalimi ngabavukeli, impilo yayisiba ngenxa yemozulu embi ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nokungondleki kakuhle. Noko ke, ukukhuthazwa butho qhubeka, oko bekujoliswe kuko wezinto zakomkhulu French.

Battle onegazi Borodino ngo-1812 yaba yinxalenye yayizindlela ezazisetyenziswa iinjengele Russian. Ukuba buthathaka umkhosi lutshaba amadabi ezincinane, ixesha elinde ngesibetho isigqibo.

The main izigaba

I-Battle of Borodino ngo-1812 okunene imela nomxokelelwane eliquka ukungqubana eziliqela kunye namajoni French wajika ilahleko enkulu macala omabini. Yaba idabi lokuqala kwilali Borodino, nto leyo ekumgama 125 km ukusuka eMoscow. Kwicala Russian ukuba yayihanjelwe Jaeger webutho, de Tolly, lutshaba - ngokugcina Beauharnais.

I-Battle of Borodino ngo-1812 unyawo, xa idabi kwenzeka Bagration ukufikelwa. Kwaba khona ngokwemizi 15 French bamashali ezimbini Russian-elawulwa Vorontsov kunye Neverovsky. Kweli nqanaba, Bagration wafumana ukonzakala kakhulu, nto leyo eyanyanzelisa ukuba owonithemba umyalelo we Konovnitsyn.

Xa amajoni Russian ngasekhohlo ukufikelwa, kuba malunga ne-14 iiyure eyathatha Battle of Borodino (1812). Isishwankathelo iziganeko ezithe vetshe: Russian obekwe emva bake ebisenyobeni, apho kukho umlo wesithathu. Amalungu ayo abantu bahlasela ukufikelwa aze abakhusele. Le ukusekelwa isiFrentshi efunyenweyo, ezaba amahashe, leyo phantsi kokhokelo Nansouty. Ukuze uncedo eentloko ezaxhobela Russian Yakhawuleza amahashe Uvarov kaThixo, wafika phantsi ngokomlomo Cossacks Platov.

battery Rajewski

Kufuneka kwakhona ukuqwalasela Inqanaba lokugqibela le-sisiganeko ezifana Idabi Borodino (1812). Into eyenzeka kweli bali: Kwaliwa ngokuba le Rajewski ibhetri, wangena imbali "engcwabeni ala mabutho French," yathatha malunga 7 iiyure. Le ndawo ngokwenene ingcwaba ezahlukeneyo amajoni Bonaparte kaThixo.

Ababhali-mbali namanje uzibuze kutheni imikhosi omkhosi Russian wemka Shevadinsky redoubt. It is hhayi ngaphandle ukuba umphathi oyinhloko ngeenjongo zayo ukuvula nangegxalaba ekhohlo ukuba ukuphazamisa ingqalelo utshaba ukusuka ekunene. Injongo yawo ukukhusela indlela entsha ESmolensk, sibambe loo, umkhosi uNapoleon wayeza ngokukhawuleza waya eMoscow.

Ezigcinayo elininzi ngokubaluleka kwimbali amaxwebhu labaphalazi ukukhanya kwisiganeko ezifana War of 1812 Battle of Borodino eyafakwa leta phambi kokuba ithunyelwe ekuqaleni Kutuzov Russian yomlawuli. Ingqwayi-ngqwayi waxelela ukumkani ukuba elimi (endle) liya kubonelela imikhosi Russian izikhundla eliphezulu.

nekhulu ngomzuzu

I-Battle of Borodino (1812) ngokufutshane ezifakwe kunye wayigubungela ngazo kwimithombo emininzi kangaka zembali, enika uluvo ukuba kukho ixesha elide kakhulu. Enyanisweni, imfazwe yaqala ngo Septemba 7 ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesihlanu kusasa, sahlala ngaphantsi ngosuku. Kakade ke, kwafumaniseka ukuba ibe phakathi kwegazi onke amadabi emfutshane.

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo njani ubomi ezininzi Ukumangalela Patriotic War ka-1812 I-Battle of Borodino wenze inxalenye yegazi layo. Inani ngqo kwabafileyo ayikwazanga kuqiniseka mbali, ngokuba amawaka 80-100. Bafa macala omabini. Calculation ubonisa ukuba yonke ingcaciso emfutshane ukukhanya bathumela kungekho ngaphantsi kwe amajoni ezilikhulu.

heroes

Iinjengele thaca iindidi udumo Imfazwe kakuhle nelilifaneleyo, ka-1812 Battle of Borodino, Kakade, ukhunjulwa indoda efana Kutuzov. Hi ndlela leyi, Kutuzov ngelo xesha kwakungekabikho mntu nengwevu-iinwele nexhego elingayizalisanga neso enye. Ngelo xesha edabini, wayeselapho ziphilile, nangona kukho umntu madala, akayibeka umhlabelo yakhe utyikityo.

Kakade ke, Kutuzov akazange uTshawe kuphela wayebhula Borodino. Kunye naye waya ezantsi kwimbali Bagration, Rajewski, de Tolly. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, abokugqibela babo waba igunya emkhosini, nangona yena waba yimbangi umbono omuhle ukubeka phezulu nxamnye imikhosi yabanqolobi esitha. Ngokutsho ilivo, ngexesha Idabi Borodino Jikelele izihlandlo ezithathu ezilahlekileyo amahashe batshabalala phantsi ngezicelo ekonookrwece iimbumbulu, kodwa wahlala engenawo nomkrwelo.

Ngubani na lo loyiso

Mhlawumbi lo mbuzo yeyona ngamayelenqe ephambili ekulweni wegazi, njengoko omabini amacala athatha inxaxheba kulo ukuba izimvo zabo ngalo mba. mbali French baqinisekile ukuba usindiso olukhulu ngaloo mini iphumelele amajoni uNapoleon kaThixo. izazinzulu Russian kugxininisa koko, ingcamango zabo ngelo xesha kuye kwaxhaswa yi-Alexander First evakalisa Borodino edabini uloyiso olungagungqiyo Russia. Hi ndlela leyi, emva Kutuzov wawongwa elikwinqanaba Field Marshal.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Bonaparte waba awanelisekanga iingxelo ukuba babonelele iinjengele zakhe. Inani imipu wathimba Russian yaba ncinci, kwakunye nenani amabanjwa umkhosi layohlala kubani ukuyihamba kunye naye. Kukholelwa ukuba uza koyisa ekugqibeleni odakumbileyo umoya kotshaba.

Ukuze ufunde malunga Battle of Borodino

Idabi elikhulu-isikali, eyaqalisa ngoSeptemba 7 kufuphi kwilali Borodino, kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini uye waphefumlela ababhali, iimbongi, amagcisa, kunye bhanya uze ezifikelela ngayo imisebenzi yabo. Hi nga tsundzuka umboniso "Hussar ballad", kunye nemisebenzi adumileyo Lermontov, nto leyo ngoku ezifundiswa esikolweni.

Yintoni okunene noko yaba Russian kunye French Battle of Borodino ngo-1812? Buntman, Adelman - mbali udale itekisi ngqo nezichanekileyo, egxininisa ngokweenkcukacha edabini wamagazi. Abahlalutyi badumisa lo msebenzi kolwazi olukumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu ixesha, imifanekiso ocacileyo amaqhawe imfazwe (kunye koko, yaye kwelinye icala), ngalo lonke iziganeko kulula ukucinga nje. Le ncwadi ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile ukufunda abo banomdla kakhulu kwimbali kunye nemicimbi zomkhosi.