I-metallurgy

I-metallurgy engekho nto kunye neyobuqili behlabathi yakha i-metallurgical complex. Ezi ndawo zibini zihlanganisa zonke izigaba zeenkqubo zobuchwepheshe, ziqala ngokucoca kunye nokucebisa izinto ezibonakalayo, ukugqiba ukufumana iimveliso ezigqityiweyo. I-metallurgy ferrous yaseRashiya ithathwa njengesiseko sobunjineli basekhaya. Eli shishini liquka ukukhutshwa, ukucebisa kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-manganese, isinyithi kunye ne-chromite ores, ukuveliswa kweengulube zensimbi, intsimbi ehlanganiswe, insimbi, i-fire-furnace ferroalloys.

I-metallurgy yefriji yindlela yokuvelisa i-electroferroalloys, i-cooking coal, i-redistribution ye-alloys, ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezincedisayo (magnesite, i-calesting calesting), ukuveliswa kwee-refractories. Eli shishini libandakanya ukuveliswa kwemveliso yoshishino. Kuzo zonke eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengoluhlobo lwe "core" lusetyenziso lwe-metallurgical redistribution. Zonke ezinye izakhiwo zokuvelisa zidibanisa, zidibeneyo.

Ukuba sivavanya umgangatho wokuxutywa kwemveliso yensimbi emnyama, iRashiya inesimo esiphambili ngokuthelekiswa namazwe amaninzi asezimbonini.

Iimpawu zobunzima obudibeneyo kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso, kuphuhliswe kakhulu. Iintlawulo ezibalulekileyo ziphawulwa xa kudibanisa amalahle okucoca kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemetallurgical. Eli lizwe ngaphezu kwama-95% e-coke liveliswa kwiinkampani ezinzima. Izityalo ezinkulu zanamhlanje, apho ubude bezityalo eziqinileyo zihlobo oluthile lokuvelisa, izityalo ze-metallurgical and energy-chemical chemicals. Le nkcazo ibonisa uhlobo lwangaphakathi lwezobuchwepheshe.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amafektri awona mgangatho ophambili wamashishini oshishino, okubandakanya i-metallurgy ferrous. Iifekthi zasekhaya ezineempembelelo ezipheleleyo zokuvelisa zivelisa malunga ne-9/10 yazo zonke izinto zensimbi, kunye nentsimbi yokukhangela kunye nemveliso eqhotyoshelwe. Ukongezelela, kukho iinkampani ezibandakanyeka kwimveliso yokuqulunqwa kunye nensimbi okanye isinyithi kunye nentsimbi (kubandakanywa i-metalware kunye neendayipilisi zombhobho), kwakunye nokuvelisa i-iron kunye ne-iron.

I-metallurgy ye-Ferrous ibaluleke kakhulu kwindawo. Ukongezelela, ukuba kukho amashishini amaninzi asekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kweentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo emva kokucubungula insimbi yentsimbi, eli shishino lithembela kumashishini kunye namashishini athile.

Iipetroli eziqhelekileyo zedalitha ezifakela ziquka imboni yamandla e-thermal, equka okokuqala, izityalo eziyinxalenye yezityalo ezingasebenza kwi-by-product fuel (i-coke breeze, ukugqithisa okwenyuka kwegasi kunye nomnye). Omnye ummandla wokuvelisa umxube unomashini owenzela isinyithi. Kule nqanaba, inkxalabo ebalulekileyo kukuveliswa kwemigodi kunye nezixhobo ze-metallurgical, i-locomotives, izakhiwo zetsimbi, izixhobo zokusebenza ezixakekileyo.

Iipositi eziphambili ze- iron ore zijoliswe kwingingqi ye- Kursk magnetic anomaly. Apha iikhosi ezi-21.6 ezigidi. Phantse iithoni ezili-asixhenxe neyesigidi ezi-toni zijoliswe kwii-Urals. Okwesithathu ngokwemilinganiselo yindawo yeMpuma yeSiberia. Apha kukho ama-5.3 ezigidigidi zeetoni zeeyile.

Iibhondi ezinkulu kakhulu ze- manganese ore zifumaneka eNtshona Siberia, kunye ne-chromite ores-kwii-Urals.

Kwimveliso yensimbi kunye neyinyithi, imithombo enjalo yezinto ezibonakalayo njenge-Ural, iziseko ze-fuel zeZuzbass kunye ne-Cherepovets zifunwa.

I-metallurgy yefriji igxininisa kwimithombo yezinto eziphinda zenziwe. Ezi zibandakanya i-scrashing scrap, imveliso yerkunkuma, iimveliso ezigqityiweyo. Ukongezelela, ukubaluleka kweendawo zokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, ngenxa yokuba inani elikhulu lee-scrap liqokelelwe kwiinkalo zobunjineli.