Icawa yaseArmenian yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta, eCrimea)

Kwamawaka eminyaka, iCrimea yayisekhaya kubantu abaninzi. Njengoko kuboniswe ngamaxwebhu embali, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-7 AD iArmenian ihleli kwintsimi yayo. Ukulungiswa ngokukhethekileyo kwabammeli bala bantu kwi-peninsula kwaqala ukuvela kunye neGenese, eyakhuthaza abantu ababandakanyekayo kworhwebo, kunye nabagcisa.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, iindawo ezihlala kuyo ezinkulu kunye nezilungeleleneyo zaxoshwa ngezihlandlo eziliqela kwezinye iindawo. Okwangoku, kukho abantu abangaphezu kwe-11 000 abahlala kwisiqithini - inani elifanayo njengama-Armenian abathunywe ngokunyanisekileyo ukusuka eCrimea ukuya eKazakhstan, kwingingqi ye-Perm ngo-1944.

Kwiiklasi ezili-14 uluntu olwakhiwe eKafana (iTheodosia), i-Orabazar (i-Armyansk), i-Yalta nakwamanye amadolophu zininzi izakhiwo zokwakha eziphawulekayo. Ukongezelela, wanika ihlabathi i-peanterpresser Ivan (Hovhannes) Aivazovsky. Icawa yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta) yenye yezona ziqhumbuzo ezibalulekileyo zaseArmenia zaseCrimea .

Ngaphambili

Ngomnyaka we-1905 umntu ocebileyo weoli, u-Pogos Ter-Ghukasyan, wafika eYalta esuka eBaku, owatshintsha igama lakhe kwisiRashiya waza waziwa ngokuba nguPavel Osipovich Gukasov.

Wabhenela kubasemagunyeni baseYalta, becela imvume yokwakha icawa lobupostile laseArmenia entabeni yaseDarsan. Indoda enexabiso elinjalo ayinakuphikiswa, kwaye kungekudala umakhi wezakhiwo uG. Ter-Mikaelov wafika kwisixeko kwisimemo sakhe. Kwagqitywa ekubeni kuthathe umzekelo umfanekiso wesonto lamaKhristu lasendulo kwisixeko saseArmenian saseVagarshapat (isayithi le-UNESCO, esekelwe ngo-618).

OyiNgcwele Hripsime

Injongo yokwakha icawa yayiza kuqhubeka nokukhumbula intombi kaTer-Ghukasyan, owafa esemncinci. Ngoko ke, kubonakala ukuba, uyise wayenquma ukunikezela icawa kwintombi kuye kwi-monk-Martyr Hripsime (kwi-Orthodox yaseRussia iHripsimia). Umntu ongcwele wayehlala phantsi komlawuli waseDiocletian ekupheleni kwekhulu le-3 kwaye wayengowendlu yobukhosi. WayengumKristu kwaye wayeya kuzidela eNkosini. Umlawuli-umhedeni wamenzela, kodwa wenqatshelwe. Intombazana yabalekela emqolombeni eMount Ararat, apho iSaint Gayane yayihlala khona (kwi-Orthodoxy yaseGaia) kunye neentombi ezingama-40. EArmenia, uHripsime akafumananga uxolo, njengoTsar Trdat wayefuna ukumbona njengomfazi wesibini. Emva kokuba wenqatshelwe, wayala ukuba ahluthe aze abulale intombazana kunye nabahlobo bakhe, apho iNkosi yamguqulela yaba yinyama. USt. Gregory ophiliswayo, ngo-301 wabhaptizwa nabo bonke abantu, kwaye iArmenia yaba ngumbuso wokuqala wamaKristu ehlabathini.

Ukwakhiwa

Icawa yaseArmenian yaseSt . Hripsime (Yalta) yakhiwe ngokwaneleyo kwaye yazingcwaliswa ngowe-1917 kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, isiphumo sagqitha konke okulindelekileyo, ngenxa yomsebenzi kaGabriel Ter-Mikaelov waba yinto ebonakalayo eyiyo. Wachitha iminyaka emine kule projekthi. Ngelo xesha, umakhi wezakhiwo akazange akhiphe ikopi echanekileyo, kodwa wasebenzisa iimpawu zetempile yasendulo yaseSt. Hripsime njengesiseko sokubonakala kwesakhiwo esitsha ngokupheleleyo.

Uyilo lwangaphakathi

Icawa yafumana nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi. Ukwenza umzobo kwiindonga zetempile, umculi weVardges Sureniants wamenywa - umbhali weFresco eyaziwayo kakhulu e-Armenia ye-Our Lady, ikopi zazo ezikhoyo kwiicawa ezininzi zobupostile emhlabeni jikelele. Ukususela ngo-1910, wayeyilungu lombutho we-Russian Wanderers kwaye uye wakhupha imisebenzi emininzi yeMaryinsky Theatre.

Iifrescoes, ngenxa yemigudu yakhe, yayihlotshiswe yiCawa laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta), labulawa ngokulandelana nemifanekiso yemifanekiso yabangcwele, awayeyifunayo kwiNgcono ye-Etchmiadzin, kunye noomatshini bamandulo.

Emva kokufa kukaSynynyants wangcwatywa entendelezweni yecawa, kwaye kwixesha laseSoviet, ingcwaba lakhe lalihlotshiswe nge-marble slab.

Inkcazo yesakhiwo

Icawa yaseArmenian yaseSt. Hripsime inesimo somnqamlezo olinganayo. Phakathi kwimiba ibonisa idonga elibonakalayo, uphawu lweeCawa zamaKristu zaseTranscaucasia kunye neMbindi Mpuma. I-Pharos tuff yemvelaphi ye-volcanic yasetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwecawa kunye nokuhlobisa kwayo. Leli lilitye, ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo lula, livumelekile ukudala imihlobiso emangalisayo yesakhiwo.

Ithempeli lineminyango emi-2, kodwa enye kuphela-intshonalanga-iyinyani kwaye ihlotswe ngeengcango zokhuni zemiba. Ukongezelela, ngapha kwe sakhiwo kuyisikhumbuzo sesikhumbuzo kunye ne-apse yengcwaba kunye ne-bas-reliefs zamabhinqa amabini. Ukubonakala kwalo mnyango ebandleni kuhlotshiswe kunye nekholoni yee-columns ezi-6.

Umnyango wesibini uhlobisa (ubuxoki) kwaye usezantsi kwetempile. Uhamba ngeenyawo, apho ngqo amanyathelo amatye ayi-100 ahamba phambili. Ngalunye uhlangothi umnyango uhlotshiswe nge-slender, high yew. Umgangatho wesibini wesakhiwo unotywala ngegalari ephakathi, kwaye isithathu sithweswe isiphambano, sisekelwa ngeefestile ezimbini ezinkulu.

IThe Legend

Abo bajwayelene noPogos Ter-Ghukasyan babiza icawa yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta) intlungu yakhe (eArmenian - Arthasuk). Ukufa kwasekuqaleni kwintombi yakhe ethandekayo kwakungeyona yodwa yentlekele ebomini ye-tycoon yeoli. Ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe ukwakhiwa, unyana ka-Ter-Ghukasyan unyana wokuqala wabulawa phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye ngokukhawuleza emva koko, omncinci wazibulala, olahlekelwa ngumlinganiselo wamakhadi kwaye akazange afune ukucela uncedo kubabawo. Ngomnyaka we-1917, i-industrialist oil yanyanzeliswa ukuba ibalekele eYurophu, kwaye ingozi yakhe engapheliyo yayingaziwa.

Icawa yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta): njani ukuya khona?

Idilesi yaloo nto inomdla eCrimea: Yalta, st. Emazweni omhlaba 3. Unokufikelela kuyo ngeenyawo okanye ngezothutho loluntu. Ngokukodwa, kwisitalato esilandelayo saseLeningradskaya kukho iibhasi No. 16 no-21.

Ngemoto, unako ukuqhubela kwicawa ngokuguquka ukusuka kwiNdlela yaseKar Marx ukuya kwiSadovaya Street, uze ufike kwiZitalato zeZagorodnaya.

I-St. Hripsime Church (Yalta): ukuhlaziywa

Ithempeli kulabo abayibona okokuqala ngqa, lenza ingqiqo. Kuhle kakhulu ehlobo, xa lijikelezwe ziziqhamo ezininzi. Indawo yokwakha yamaKristu yakudala, engavamile kwiso lendoda yaseOthodoki, ayisishiyi mntu. Ukuqwalasela ukuphononongwa kwabakhenkethi, abo ba tyelele khona, bakholelwa ukuba iBandla laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta), ngokuqinisekileyo, linye yezona zihlobiso eziphambili zeso sixeko kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo lufanelekile ukutyelela. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abahambi batusa isiteji esiholela ethempelini, njengendawo enkulu yokutshiza imifanekiso yothando, kuquka umtshato.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba imbali iphi na icawa yaseSt. Hripsime. ICrimea yindawo apho kungekho nqongophala yemicimbi. Ngethuba elifanayo, lunomdla kwi-multiculturalism kunye nenyaniso yokuba kunokwenzeka ukubona izikhumbuzo zembali kunye nenkcubeko yabantu abaninzi: amaSkiti, amaGrike, amaRoma, amaItali, amaArmenian, amaTatar, amaTatar, amaRussia, ama-Ukrainiya, amaYuda, ama Karaite, njl.