Ngubani iNkosana Yaroslav iNgqondi? Kutheni Uhlakaniphile kunye neCromatic?

Kwakukho abaninzi abalawuli baseRashiya, kodwa kuphela eli gama lihlanganiswe neYaroslav. Kutheni? Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi zempendulo kulo mbuzo. Kodwa mhlawumbi yedwa kuphela ayikho. Kwaye i-Yaroslav eyilumko yaba yintlangano yezizathu.

Yaroslav unyana kaVladimir

Ngokuqinisekileyo, imvelaphi yempendulo kumbuzo wokuthi kungani i-Yaroslav ibizwa ngokuba yiNgqondi inokufumaneka kwi-pedigree. Emva koko, wayeyindodana yedwa omkhulu uVladimir I, inkosana yaseKiev, kunye nePoltsa ikosi yasePolotsk. Iminyaka yobomi bakhe imiselwe ixesha elimalunga ne-978 ukuya ku-1054. Ubaba wasuka ebuntwaneni walungisa uYaroslav ngenxa yezenzo ezinkulu, kwaye esemncinci wenza i-Rostov yokuqala inkosana, kwaye emva kokufa kwendodana yakhe endala, uVysheslav-Novgorod.

Nangona kunjalo, u-Yaroslav wayengenabo mzalwana omnye, kwaye emva kokufa kukaVladimir (1015) phakathi kwabazalwana baqalisa umzabalazo onzima wetrone yaseKiev. Umqhubi omkhulu u-Svyatopolk, ngubani owokuqala ukumbamba iKiev. Yena, ngokwezinto ezininzi zembali, ulahlekile abazalwana bakaBoris, iGleb kunye neSvyatoslav. Iminyaka emine u-Yaroslav ulwa naye kwaye ekugqibeleni, ngo-1019, uhlala kwisihlalo sobukhosi saseKiev kwaye uzibiza ngokwakhe ukuba nguMlawuli waseRashiya.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubusa kwakhe kwakungekho mntu. I-Chernigov kunye namanxweme asekhohlo asekhohlo bephantsi komntakwabo kaMstislav. Kwaye emva kokufa kwakhe, ngowama-1035, urhulumente omkhulu wabumbana phantsi kolawulo lukaYaroslav.

Ukuqhaqhafaza kwimeko

Ngoko, wehla kwimbali njengoYaroslav oBulumko. Kutheni Ubulumko? Impendulo kulo mbuzo ingaba ngokubhala uluhlu lweenkosana ezijolise ekuqiniseni ilizwe. Emva koko, ngexesha lokulawula kwakhe, uMievan Rus waphoqelelwa ukuba acinge ngokubanzi lwamazwe ngamazwe ngokwawo. Liye libe yomeleleyo, ilandela indlela yokukhanyisa kunye nokwenza umthetho.

Exhalabile ngokukhusela iRashiya, iYaroslav yaqhubela phambili imikhosi yempi yasePoland, i-Lithuanian eyinhloko, i-Finns. Ekugqibeleni waphumelela ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kweRussi phezu kwePechenegs.

Ukomeleza urhulumente, wakha imizi emininzi, kunye neKieg ejikelezwe ngodonga lwamatye. Ekuhambeni kwakhe, ukuxabana neByzantium kwaphela ngokusayinwa kwesivumelwano soxolo, kwaye umtshato weNdodana kaVsevolod kwi-princess yaseGrisi yabangela ukuba uxolo lube nolunye uxolo.

Ngendlela, esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani iNkosana iRaroslav ibizwa ngegama eliqilileyo Inokwazi kwakhona ukuba ukuqinisa igunya likaKevan Rus wasebenzisa imitshato yodeni ngokugcwele. Iintombi ezilumkileyo ezintathu kunye noonyana abathandathu, lo mlawuli ohlakaniphileyo wazama ukufumana izibini ezifanelekileyo kwizindlu zaseJurophu. Ngendlela, yena ngokwakhe wayethatyelwe intombi yenkosi yaseSweden Ingigerde.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya welizwe

Kwipolisi yasekhaya, ecaleni kwendlela yokukhanyisa kunye nokwenza umyalelo u-Yaroslav oMhlakani uhambe. Kutheni Ubulumko? Kungenxa yokuba ngokukhawuleza wabandakanyeka kakhulu ukubaluleka kokufunda nokubhala kwabafundi bakhe. NgoNovgorgorod, ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhwenkwe, waze wavula isikolo ngezihlalo ezingama-300. Akazange athenge kuphela kwaye azifundele iincwadi, kodwa wayala ukuba oogqirha bawahumushe, ngokuyininzi ukusuka kwisiGrike ukuya eSlavonic, aze aphinde abhale ukuze abantu baseRashiya bafunde ukufunda ezi ncwadi. Ngethuba lokufunyanwa kwimbhalo yemibhobho ye-birch yafunyanwa, okwakubhalwe ngelo xesha ngabantwana abafunda isipelingi.

Imithetho yokuqala yesandla ibonakala iphantsi kweYaroslav. Unengcamango yokudala "uMqulu", okanye "Inyaniso YaseRashiya" - iqoqo yemithetho kunye namasiko, uphawu lwexesha, kodwa lidluliselwa kuphela kwifom yomlomo.

Umbusi waseRashiya wahluma ngexesha elinye kunye noorhwebo, kwaye i-Kiev ebuhle yayingakwazi ukuncintisana noConstantinople.

Ukuguqulwa kweCawa

Ubukhosi bobukhosi baseRashiya bobukhulu becala baseByzantium. URaroslav wamnika ukuzimela, eqala ngenyaniso yokuba wayala ukuba abekwe entloko yenhlangano yecawa yomntu waseRashiya, kungekhona umntu wesinye isizwe. Umzi wokuqala waseRashiya wayenguHilarion.

Kwintsikelelo yesikhulu, i-charter charter, i-Byzantine Nomocanon, yaguqulelwa kwisiRashiya. IYerussian yinyaniso yayinguYaroslav iNgqondi. Kutheni Ubulumko? Ngenxa yokuba ndiqonda ukuba abantu bafuna inkolo yabo kunye necawa yabo, kwaye ingengomnye umntu, ongaphandle.

EYurophu, ngexesha lolawulo lukaYaroslav, kwakhiwa izithempeli ezininzi kunye neendlunkulu. I-Architecture kunye nepeyinti yaphuhliswa. Iimbumba ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, eKygorgorod naseKiev, zazinikezelwa kwiSt. Sophia the Wise. Mhlawumbi le nto ifihla impendulo kumbuzo wokuba kungani i-Yaroslav ibizwa ngokuba yiNgqondi.

Wa yebizwa ngokuthi iKhromtz

Kwiintsuku zakudala kwakukholelwa ukuba umntu onesiphene esifanelekileyo imakwe nguThixo, kwaye unikwe ingqondo, amandla akhethekileyo.

INkosana Yaroslav ukususela ekuzalweni yayiqhwala. Ngelo xesha, abaninzi babibiza ngokuba yiKhromts. Enyanisweni, iintshaba ezininzi kunabantu abaqhelekileyo. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba izenzo ze- Grand Duke zomeleza ukulungelelaniswa kwabantu: "Ukholo lithetha ubulumko". Ngexesha elide, igama lesidyuli sokuqala lafakwa endaweni yesibini.

Emva kokuphila ubomi obuqaqambileyo obude, u-Yaroslav the Wife wafa eneminyaka engama-76. Kutheni Ubulumko? Kungenxa yokuba izenzo zesikhulu zaziswa ukuba zenze inzuzo karhulumente, ekuphuhlisweni kwayo nasekuphumeleleni. Ukuzibandakanya ngokungaqhelekanga kwingcamango yokuba ukuba abalawuli baseRashiya abaza kulandela bebenobulumko njengoYaroslav, ngoko ke ulawulo luya kuba lukhulu kakhulu eYurophu.