Iintlobo impilo: ngokwasemzimbeni, engqondweni, ngokwasengqondweni, yokuziphatha, kwezentlalo. Basics zempilo

Igama elithi "zempilo", abantu abaninzi kuthetha kuphela uluhlu lwe iimpawu ezithile komzimba yomntu. Loo ukuqonda bubuxoki, kodwa eneneni kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kumanqanaba eziliqela. Indlela kuphela ukuphendula umbuzo indlela abaphile ngayo abantu. Ngoko ke, ukuhlalutya iintlobo yempilo yasekelwa kumntu ngamnye kubo.

Ethetha impilo, sifanele sazi oko imeko entle ngokwasemzimbeni, engqondweni kunye nezentlalo ngamnye kunye noluntu luphela (hayi nje ukungabikho iingxaki komzimba kunye neentsilelo).

Iikhrayitheriya impilo yabantu

Ngoku, ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga imeko abantu kwezi mfuno ezintlanu eziphambili sakujika:

1. Ubukho okanye ukungabikho izigulo nezifo.
2. ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo nkqubo 'ehlabathini lonke -. bomntu "
3. Kakuhle ukuba kubomi bentlalo, abasebenzi zengqondo, umsebenzi engqondweni, namandla omzimba.
4. Ukukwazi ukuqhelana nanini-ukutshintsha iimeko zokusingqongileyo.
5. Ithuba ukuze baphumeze umsebenzi ngamnye ngokomgangatho ekhethwe kubomi bentlalo.

Eyona engundoqo iintlobo lezempilo

Umntu ngamnye iphathwa njenge kwinkqubo amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye nofundo lweentlobo ekwanti yempilo: yengqondo, ngokwasemzimbeni, entlalweni, ngokwasengqondweni,. Kulo kulandela ukuba asikwazi bagwebe kwenye yezi nkalo ngaphandle kokujonga ukwahluka ubuntu.

Okwangoku, oosonzululwazi abakwazi Ayinakugcina indlela ethile yokufunda imeko zonke iikhrayitheriya ezidweliswe, ngoko bagwebe kuphela ngokuhlolisisa amanqanaba zempilo ngabanye. Makhe siqale.

Types of zempilo. Psychological ibhalansi engqondweni

Phakathi iimeko eziphambili inkqubela ezinzileyo yesazisi yengqondo (ngaphandle impilo e-nervous system) ayikhuphi nendalo nobumnandi.

Iziphumo zophando abasebenzi WHO kunye nokulinga ukutenxa zempilo yengqondo yabantwana kurekhodwe ngokufuthi iintsapho apho kukho ukungavumelani ne ungquzulwano. Kwakhona echaphazela abantwana, ngubani na ukufumana ulwimi ofana ngayo noontanga babo aba kunye nabo sengqondo esinjalo, okanye nje musani ukuba nabahlobo. Zengqondo uchaze le meko nempembelelo ukungaphatheki kunye namava kwi nempilo yengqondo.

UGqr Nikiforov GS Sciences bukhankanya umba zilandelayo zempilo yengqondo: eziphilayo, ezentlalo kunye nasengqondweni.

Eyokuqala kwezi mpawu inxulunyaniswa umsebenzi umzimba bekhubazekile ngamalungu zangaphakathi, okanye zitenxe intsebenzo olutshintshayo imisebenzi esisiseko kwiinkqubo basabela ehlabathini.

Inqanaba lesibini ibonisa iqondo ukubandakanyeka ngamnye kubomi bentlalo, ukukwazi layo ukusebenzisana nabanye ngexesha eqhelekileyo yoshishino, ukufumana indlela kubo.

Inqanaba lesithathu ibonisa kanye imeko yehlabathi umntu wangaphakathi, ezizezi qhayisa-ukuzithemba wayo, ukuzeyisa ukusebenza, ukwamkeleka okanye ukwaliwa ngokwabo kunye neempawu zazo, ngokuphathelele kulo ihlabathi, uluntu, iziganeko ngoku, iimbono ngobomi nendalo.

Ukuba zempilo yengqondo kunye kwengqondo yomntu ayikho exhalabisayo, ngoko: isimo sakhe sengqondo kakuhle, yena akanayo naziphi na iimpawu ngengqondo, izenzakalo, ukuzithoba kabuhlungu etenxileyo, uyakwazi ukuhlola ngokwaneleyo ubunyani kba kwaye ukulungelelanisa indlela yokuziphatha kwabo ngokufanelekileyo.

Enye ingxaki yempilo yengqondo kule nkulungwane yama-21 uthathwa ukuba abe ntshikilelo kunye nokudakumba. ERashiya, ke zachongwa sisifo eyahlukileyo 1998 ngokunxulumene data WHO ibonisa ukwanda uxinezeleko eluntwini. Ekubeni inkcubeko yempilo uphuhlisa, liphuhlise indlela ekhethekileyo abathintela jini, ukuyilwa ntshikilelo, umonde.

ezempilo

impilo loluntu luxhomekeke ngqo kwi ngokwamandla akhe ukumelana neemeko zokusingqongileyo, iimpawu kunye neempawu ukuba unako ukwenza oko. Impembelelo nomnqweno imfundo self-and self-nophuhliso, ukusetyenziswa wemfundo-self, ekufezekisweni kweenjongo ubomi, weyisayo kunye ukusombulula iingxaki yobudlelwane kwezentlalo. Basenokuba ezinxulumene abakhubazeke ngokwasemzimbeni.

Umntu bentlalo, sizenza usukelo wokuphunyezwa yayo, siyakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo, kunokuba ngokukhuselekileyo nangesidima ukoyisa iingxaki zobomi kunye neengxaki, ngaphandle kokuzenzakalisa usapho kunye nabanye abantu emhlabeni. Lo mgangatho inxulumene ngokusondeleyo zokomoya, umnqweno ukuqonda intsingiselo yobomi, iimpendulo zemibuzo obungunaphakade, fumana yokuziphatha ukhokelo kunye nemilinganiselo.

Iimpawu ezempilo

Xa isifundo kule milinganiselo elapha ngasentla ngokusebenzisa izalathisi ezininzi, oyintloko phakathi kwabo - ukwanela kunye nezimo seentshukumo zabantu kunye nokuziphatha kwi ongqongileyo kwezentlalo.

Ukwanela ithathwa ikakhulu ukukwazi ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo ifuthe zehlabathi, bhetyebhetye - ukwenza imisebenzi efanele kanye ukuphuhlisa iimeko ezintsha isuke kokusingqongileyo kunye noluntu.

Bekela bucala ezinkulu zempilo khrayitheriya kwezentlalo: iqondo lohlengahlengiso eluntwini, lo iqondo umsebenzi umsebenzi kuyo kunye nokusebenza iindima ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo.

impilo emzimbeni

Kuba Uvavanyo imeko emzimbeni limka ukuchonga iziphene ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo, izifo, uxhathiso impembelelo zizinto ezimbi, kungenzeka ukuba ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima (kubandakanywa i-bume ukutshintsha). Ngokufutshane, impumelelo olulungisiweyo ngamnye ethathwe njengesiseko wezempilo.

Ukususela ngokombono amayeza phantsi kwalo ingqiqo kwaye zibonisa imo enyama yangaphakathi, iinkqubo zomzimba, ukubumbana yomsebenzi wabo. Basics Health - loovimba ezisebenzayo morphological, sibonga ngalo lithathelwe kwenzeka. Phantsi ingqalelo iwela kungekuphela nje ukungabikho ezingaqhelekanga ezicacileyo, izifo kunye nezikhalazo yomguli, kodwa uluhlu iinkqubo ngendlela encomekayo, inqanaba amandla omzimba enxulumene nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi ethile.

Izinto zokufundisa kusekelwe kwingcamango "impilo emzimbeni" elingenaguqukanga, t. E. Kwakhona luphawulwa isakhono sokusebenza umzimba, lizinzise nokomzimba esizenzayo lithathelwe.

impilo yokomoya yokuziphatha

Phantsi impilo yokomoya yokuziphatha ukuvuma yobuntu okulungileyo nokubi, ukukwazi ukuphucula ngokwabo, ukuba abonise inceba, isandla ekuncediseni amahlwempu, ukunika uncedo nokuzincama ukubambelela imithetho yokuziphatha, ukudala iimeko azivumi ukuba ubomi obusempilweni (imbono "isithethe lezempilo" ezenziwa kulo kwingongoma ).

Imeko ephambili ukuba ukuphumelela kweli nqanaba - umnqweno siphile ngokuvisisana wena, usapho lwakho, abahlobo kunye noluntu luphela, ukukwazi ngobuchule iinjongo kunye ukufikelela kuzo ngokusebenzisa nolwemozulu kunye neziganeko ebonisa nokuqulunqa amanyathelo eziphathekayo.

Oko kukuthi, ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso yokuziphatha, iimpawu yokuziphatha nganye - isiseko esiyimfuneko nemeko elihle kwezentlalo yabantu abatsha (usebenza kuzo zonke iindidi Kwintlalo yale mihla). Yeyona njongo iphambili umsebenzi yemfundo yamaziko zentlalo, iphembelela ngokwasentlaweni yomntu ngamnye.

iimpawu Moral ziqukiwe kuluhlu iimpawu ezifunyenwe yomntu, abakwazi ukuba yabelwe umntu badalwe, kunye nokudaleka kuxhomekeke khrayitheriya ezininzi: bume, bume yentlalo, njl ngokuziphatha Umntu ofundileyo kufuneka ilifa iimpawu ezithile (ezingqinelana nemigangatho yokuziphatha eyamkelekileyo nezithethe .. yaye emi kule ekuhlaleni).

impilo Yokuziphatha - uluhlu zengqondo, imilinganiselo kunye neenjongo seentshukumo zabantu kwi ongqongileyo kwezentlalo. It ayisekho ngaphandle lweengcinga yabantu ukulunga, uthando, ubuhle kunye novelwano.

Eyona engundoqo Inkqubo yemfundo yokuziphatha

• Ingculaza yomntu yokuziphatha.
• Ubungakanani lokuqonda yokuziphatha.
• Le ubunzulu beengcinga nomgwebo yokuziphatha.
• Iimpawu yezenzo yokwenene, ukukwazi ukuba balandele imigaqo ebalulekileyo oluntu, ukuphunyezwa Imisebenzi ephambili

Ngenxa yoko, imeko yabantu ngenene eyenziwe ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngaxeshanye kwiindawo ngokusondeleyo ezalanayo, nto leyo iqondwa njenge "impilo eziphilayo." Ngoko ke isigqibo malunga nokuba kungenziwa khangela kuphela ngamnye kubo ngokwahlukeneyo nokuhlalutya umfanekiso opheleleyo umntu.