Iipropati Physical nemichiza amanzi.

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, abantu ndandingenakho nokulicingela, kunokuba eneneni ngaba amanzi nendlela lenzeka kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-19, abantu babengazi ukuba, enyanisweni, amanzi yeyona nto imichiza. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba - eyona imichiza element. Ngokwentelekiso Kutshanje kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba amanzi - le element yemichiza ogama ifomula - H2O.

Iipropati imichiza amanzi zixhomekeka kubuzaza ebonakalayo athom zayo, ngokunjalo iindlela ngenxa ubudlelwane babo molecule kunye namaqela koko iimolekyuli kwakhiwa. Ekubeni rhoqo ukunxibelelana nezinto ezahlukeneyo, amanzi isisombululo sisincoko entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthi kuziveza njengento kuphela obalaseleyo kuba iyanyibilika ulwelo, kwaye okuqinileyo, kunye neegesi.

Ngakumbi iimpawu ezintle kuphela onjalo azibonakalisa olwandle, kuba iyanyibilika phantse zonke izinto. iziqalelo Malunga asixhenxe kwenkqubo ngamaxesha inokufumaneka kubume bayo. Emanzini aselwandle nolwandle iziqalelo nokuba onge radioactive inokufumaneka. Eyona into ezininzi eziqhele nazo ukwakheka manzi - chloro, isodiyam, isalfure, potassium, nemagnesium, calcium, kwiteksti, bromine, carbon, ne boron.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abaphengululi ibonisa iindlela ngakumbi entsonkothileyo kunye ezifihlakeleyo lombutho mass amanzi. Kucingwa uxhulumaniso nto inzima kuzo zonke izinto ezaziwayo yemvelo kunye ekhemisi. Ukwakheka iikhemikhali kunye namanzi kuyohluka, kodwa kuya kuba nefuthe ezahlukileyo womuntu, ekubeni yayiyimini kwasekwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

Iipropati imichiza amanzi ixhomekeke kwisakhiwo yayo eziphilayo. Ngokukodwa, zinemoletyhule yamanzi ubunjwe athom ezintathu, nto leyo akhiwa ngohlobo unxantathu isosceles. Phezulu kwayo i-atom ioksijini, ngelixa kwi isiseko ezimbini atom hydrogen. Ngaloo valent ezimbaxa hoh engile ilingana 104,31 °.

Kukho ezinye iimpawu zomzimba imichiza amanzi, nto leyo echasene ngemigaqo lwezakhi. Ngokukodwa, iimpawu eliphezulu amanzi zezo zihlala kufuneka asezantsi kakhulu. Oku kuyinyaniso yovalo nokubilisa amaqondo obushushu, ubushushu fusion kunye vaporization.

ukuqanda lokubila ioksijini kwi hydride of iziqalelo iqelana njengoko iikhompawundi lula lifinyele. Ukuba indlela enjalo esebenza phezu kwamanzi, bekuya lubila engenaxabiso nzulu obushushu kwi -70 ° C kwaye ngumkhenkce kwi -90 ° C. Oku, nako nimqumbise ukunqongophala kwamanzi on Earth, njengoko ayikwazanga kubandakanywe kwimeko engamanzi okanye eqinileyo. Le ndlela kunokwenzeka kuphela - urhulumente sukube.

Emalunga ukuvutha vaporization kunokuthiwa, kuba le komphunga amanzi, ndinobushushu 100 ° C, oko kuyimfuneko amaxesha 6 ubushushu ngaphezulu kunokuba ubunzima efanayo ukufudumeza amanzi ukuya kuma-80 ° C.

Wonke ngomzuzu kwesigidi iitoni amanzi kwehayidrosfere ngokomphushu ebushushwini elanga. Ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni olunjalo emoyeni usoloko iqulethe isixa esikhulu ubushushu, nto leyo ilingana oko ziye amawaka 40 kunayo ezinamandla.

Loo unique iimpawu zomzimba imichiza kwamanzi kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ngokubanzi kuyo kwimisebenzi emveliso. Ngokukodwa, ezi mveliso metallurgical kaninzi kusetyenziswa amanzi abilayo uzipholisa. Esi senzo ebonakala ngamazwi ngenxa yokuba lungapholi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kushushu vaporization. Oku kushenxisa imfuneko ukwakhiwa sokwehlisa inqaba engaphezulu.

Kakade ke, amanzi abilayo njengesipholisi lungasetyenziswa kuphela kwezo ndawo apho lobushushu ubushushu lidlula isalathiso 100 ° C.

Iimpawu ezizodwa emzimbeni imichiza kwamanzi kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwezolimo, yaye hayi kuphela ukunkcenkceshela izityalo. Ngokomzekelo, xa kuneqabaka kwentwasahlobo kwenzeka ngequbuliso, ukusongela imithi eneentyatyambo, begadi ukuphumeza ekuthiwa-zokuchela egadini. Sisigubungelo wesipreyi ocoliweyo ziqina a imithi merznuschie. amathontsi amanzi kwakhona ukubandakanya iintyatyambo ngokwabo. Emva koko ngokukhawuleza kukwabhenelwa komkhenkce ifihle intyatyambo, ngokunika yona ukufudumala.

Njengoko ubona, amanzi, iimpawu imichiza apho okwangoku iphicothwe - yinto compound ekhethekileyo, nto leyo exhasa bonke ubomi emhlabeni kwaye yinxalenye yobomi bomntu.