Imikhosi Iran i-exhobileyo: ubungakanani kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa

Ingakumbi impembelelo yonqulo kweli lizwe enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu imigangatho ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi yoluntu kunye nezopolitiko Iran. iimpawu kazwelonke angawaconganga kwaye omkhosi of Iran. Umkhosi kweli lizwe ithathwa i lwamanani kakhulu phakathi kwamanye amazwe yakuMbindi Mpuma. Kubaluleke kakhulu amava yomkhosi isakhiwo sangoku lamabutho inokufumaneka iminyaka 8 ngexa imfazwe e-Iraq - ukususela ngo-1980 ukuya 1988. izinto eyinqobo ukudala isiseko sentsimbi olukhuselayo ukuzimela enamandla zomkhosi nezopolitiko amathuba ezoqoqosho Iran kunye nentsusa lwamaxabiso yezenkolo.

Imfazwe Sunnis and Shiites

Ngenxa yokuba umkhosi yaba nxaxheba ngqo kwi ungquzulwano Arab-Iranian, a ngokubaluleka ethile le uthelekiso omkhosi of Iran kunye Saudi Arabia ngaphakathi longquzulwano phakathi kwamasebe amabini ukholo Islamic. Ngxabano Sunnis kwaye Shiites ngokucace wabonisa ngasentla yimfazwe kwi 80s lwekhulu XX. oosonzululwazi ezoPolitiko, ababhali-mbali bayibiza imfazwe behlabathi inkulu kwimbali yakutshanje emva Second World War. Ethetha nxamnye Iran US Arabhu zisetyenziswa ngokubonakalayo ngenxa ngoxolo labemi imijukujelwa weave, izixhobo zeekhemikhali. ezaziwayo Abafileyo ngabantu abangaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1 kuquka abahlali kunye nabo amelwe omkhosi Islamic Republic of Iran kunye Saudi Arabia.

Iraq wayisebenzisela inkxaso enkulu namazwe angabamelwane Arabhu. E Iran oko olityelweyo.

Iinxalenye omkhosi of Iran

Iran imikhosi exhobileyo, isakhiwo nokucwangciswa esibonakala bubukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili zinyanzelekile imbaxa wokhuselo enamandla. Lokuqala - ukuyilwa indawo esisigxina, zemveli ngenxa ithi ehlabathini - umkhosi rhoqo. Okwesibini - ekuthiwa-Revolutionary Guards, Islamic Revolution Guards elihamba. Zombini kwimibutho esezantsi yabo, equka i-Army, Navy namandla ukulwa moya. Ngamnye kubo isebenza nokholo lemfazwe kwaye loxolo.

Phakathi amacandelo IRGC kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba kukho isakhiwo ngobuchule ebalulekileyo, ngokwemigaqo apho umsebenzi ophambili kukuqinisekisa ezi iintonga afunyenwe ngexesha lemisebenzi kwesimo kunye ngabom. Ukongeza kwezi imikhosi iinjongo ezizodwa, imikhosi zokunyanzelisa umthetho nazo imikhosi exhobileyo. Iran ngokukhethekileyo kuyafuneka imisebenzi yee-arhente ezikhethekileyo zonyanzeliso lomthetho ngexesha lemfazwe. Ngeli xesha, inkokheli Jikelele Abasebenzi ubonisa.

Phantsi kwephiko IRGC nayo wadala kwisahlulo olongezelelweyo umkhosi wamajoni wesizwe, ebizwa i "Islamic Army kwezigidi-20," okanye Forces bokuxhathisa kwaye vivo.

Amagunya yinkokeli yokomoya karhulumente

Ngokutsho intloko Iran egunyazisiweyo woMthetho, Art. 110 ithi ukuba ePhakamileyo ndingumthetheli owaziwa yokomoya karhulumente kunye uhlanga luphela. Ukongeza, lo Mgaqo-siseko, yena unikwe igunya ukulawula nokwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kwisigaba wamajoni-bezopolotiko belizwe. NgokoMthetho kwimiba ebalulekileyo echaphazela kwisakhono senkokeli ngokomoya ziquka:

• Umiselo imfazwe, uxolo kunye isiqalo ekubsndakanyeni apho kwabelwene ngazo nondlunkulu.
• Choice, ukuqeshwa, ukugxothwa kunye nokwamkelwa yokushiywa iintloko iinxalenye ngamnye amacandelo omkhosi Islamic Republic of Iran: umyalelo we-Jikelele Abasebenzi IRGC, SOP, njl ..
• Ulungelelwaniso, ulawulo kunye nolawulo phezu umsebenzi Ephakamileyo National Security Council. Le sicelwe yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukhuseleko lwesizwe, amandla wezokhuselo, qhinga kunye nesicwangciso Committe na umsebenzi izidumbu aphezulu isigqeba amashishini abo.

I-High Council of Iranian Security National

Eyona njongo iphambili ye-isakhiwo yokugqibela yi uphuhliso amanyathelo ehambelana kwinkokeli ngokomoya-nkqubo kunye wokubambisana zentlalo, uqoqosho, ulwazi kunye nemiba yenkcubeko yemisebenzi karhulumente amandla ukulungelwa.

Semkhosini Islamic Republic of Iran zixhomekeke umphathi omkhulu ngqo nge Staff Jikelele. Ngenxa yoko, umphathi lo iyunithi yolawulo hayi kuphela xa kuqaliswa kweli lizwe phantsi komthetho ngamajoni. I-Jikelele Abasebenzi omkhosi idibanisa ulawulo yomkhosi rhoqo kwaye Yabalindi lweSizwe, SOP kunye namagunya amagunya asekuhlaleni nganye kwezi iiyunithi kunye nokuqeshwa kwabo, ukwakhiwa kunye noxanduva.

Defence Ministry Iran i-

I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa lezoKhuselo asiyiyo inxalenye omkhosi of Iran. Akuyi ezinxulumene ngqo imisebenzi ngoko nangoko amabutho. Mission central executive:

• nokufezekisa ukwakhiwa kwamaziko wamajoni;
• kwemali, bujolise kuphela ngezimali kushishino wamajoni;
• ulawulo kuthetha nenjongo eziza kusetyenziselwa yona;
• ukuxhasa ushishino wokhuselo basekhaya;
• ukuthenga Ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo zomkhosi.

Inani imikhosi kunye nemali kwezixhobo zomkhosi

Inani elipheleleyo lilonke labantu akwi imikhosi exhobileyo, Iran ngokuziqhenya ukuqhayisa: udibaniso ilingana 700 lamawaka. Eminye imithombo unike amanani ezahlukeneyo kancinane: ukusuka 500 ukuya-900 lamawaka amajoni. Ngaphezu koko, abameli Army zomyalelo-80% yabo bonke abantu. Ngaphaya kwabo khona 100 amawaka abantu ababandakanyekayo lweenqwelo zomkhosi, ngoko malunga 40 lamawaka amajoni zizinto aselwandle.

Le inaccuracy kolwazi kulula ukuchaza yokungabi ukufikelela kunye nobuhlobo Iran. Xa uluntu jikelele iqale ukuba babe nomdla imikhosi exhobileyo, Iran azivalele ngokuqinileyo phambi kwakhe "ucango ulwazi." Eyona nto iphambili ye data ukusuka kwimithombo sikweni, iingxelo egqwethekileyo ukuze malunga idabi ngayo, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo kungenzeka kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo.

Njengoko izixhobo zomkhosi, oko phakathi kuMbindi Mpuma sikhundla phambili ezigcinwe yi semkhosini lamatanki Iran kaThixo, ngokutsho kwabantu, ngokulandelelana kweeyunithi 2,000, iziqwenga zokudubula malunga 2,500, malunga 900 MLRS, kuquka "Grad", "Isaqhwithi" "Hurricane" kunye nabanye. Asikwazi bathi iiyunithi 200 imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa, 300 ukulwa moya, izindululi yamacebo okulwa 400 imijukujelwa anti-moya. Lo asinguye uluhlu lonke izixhobo ephethwe yi omkhosi of Iran. zenethiwekhi abasebenzi vehicles, izithuthi zokulwa nomkhosi, zokudubula self-ngokwaso, mortars - zonke ezi izixhobo ngasentla usenza sibe nentembelo amandla lizwe.

Imfundo kunye noqeqesho kwabasebenzi kunye namagosa

uqeqesho lwabasebenzi - umbuzo rhoqo kwi-ajenda yolawulo, lowo wongamele imikhosi exhobileyo. Iran okwangoku uthatha amanyathelo kakhulu kwimfundo amajoni namagosa omkhosi uqeqesho. Uqeqesho olubanzi kunye noqeqesho ulupwa, njengoko kuqatshelwe abantu ababebukele, ibhexesha indlela yentsebenziswano onke amasebe kunye neeyunithi yamajoni ezahlukeneyo iintlobo amajoni.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwinkqubo yemfundo ufanelwe ingqeqesho kunye nemithambo ukuba zilinganisa izenzo inkonzo nganye emkhosini phantsi kweemeko yabanqolobi zokulwa, kwimeko ukusekwa lonke kwiNtetho kaMongameli msebenzi ngurhulumente kotshaba ube sisixhobo ultra-mihla. Ukongeza, kwimeko kwinqanaba non-zomkhosi olufanelekileyo uqeqesho emva kokwenziswa ikhosi yoqeqesho yomkhosi oko akuthethi ukuba wayengakufanelanga emkhosini. Uza kukwazi ukuba imbuyekezo zengqondo zonqulo noqeqesho yokuziphatha-psychological ezifana "izikhewu '. Kwixesha elizayo, aba bantu baza kufumana ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba yaye liququzelele imisebenzi nangokwasengqondweni omkhosi of Iran.

Injongo IRGC

imikhosi exhobileyo Ukuqwalasela Iran kufuneka ndinabe kwenye izinto zabo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, Islamic Revolutionary Guard lweSizwe (IRGC) limiswa njenge ukuyilwa non-abasisigxina ukuze kuqinisekiswe order zasekhaya. kweminyaka senziwe kwama-30 eyadlulayo, i IRGC iye ababezahlule ngokupheleleyo umkhosi kwaye akunanto yakwenza nawo, ukuba kumayelana ulawulo lwe nkqubo. Noko ke, ekuqaleni imfazwe phakathi Iran Iraq ibonakalalisiweyo esikhulu ezinokwenzeka ezinokwenzeka kunye nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo ye umzimba. Ngenxa kwayo yomkhosi yayo rhoqo empini, ezopolitiko, kunye nokhuseleko izakhono abaphathi umzimba karhulumente Iranian ezilungiselelwe indima ephambili kwinkqubo ye omkhosi. Iminyaka emininzi, ixesha post-imfazwe yaba yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kancane kancane izakhiwo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwisigaba lamabutho karhulumente. Ngelo xesha lenzeka, omnye umzimba kunye nomkhosi iSebe lezoKhuselo, Lwabasebenzi Jikelele. Ngokuqinisekileyo imikhosi Iranian ngemipu namhlanje umatshini kwaye inkqubo esebenza kakuhle of Guards, ngeendlela ezininzi bebakhulu urhulumente ngamnye se enempi rhoqo.

ixesha elithile emva kwesigqibo ngentsika intloko Iran i-Revolutionary Guards unayo nayiphi na mlandeli yayingengomarhe ngokudibana mhlawumbi yeekhomponenti ezimbini ezinkulu kwinkqubo zomkhosi lizwe, nangona eqonda nokuba uNdikhoyo ulawulo kusenokwenzeka ukuba anikwe umzimba.

Inkqubo izixhobo zenyukliya Iran i-

Ekubeni Iran - karhulumente enyukliya, le mijukujelwa kunye namathuba yokusebenzisa - enye kwimiba engundoqo lonke uluntu ehlabathini. Iran uyakwazi ukulwa emva ngezigqibo zayo athandwe US yomkhosi kaSirayeli ngokunxulumene kwinkqubo zenyukliya kaRhulumente.

Iingcali ehlaziya imiba iingalo East, bakholelwa ukuba imijukujelwa Iran yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuntlokothiswa kunye nokulawulwa iintshaba ezinokwenzeka. Kusongela ukusetyenziswa imijukujelwa kunye zikhali, urhulumente unako ukugcina ulawulo kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Akumangalisi mali ngenkxaso kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo enomjukujelwa, ukuba unalo kakhulu inxalenye enkulu yebhajethi wokhuselo iyonke. Umzekelo, kwi-90 ekuqaleni ', emva kwemfazwe, urhulumente waba ezininzi "clearings" kwi kwimiba yentlalo noqoqosho ebomini babo. Ngaloo ndlela sele kugxininiswa enyusa kwicandelo wathi: inani imijukujelwa yamacebo okulwa ikakhulu ladlula inani kwezixhobo ezinjalo namazwe angabamelwane mpuma.

Iimpawu ekumisweni kwezikhali e Iran

Ukongeza, ehamba phezu "enyukliya" indlela Iran lijongene ezininzi, xa uqala, ubunzima gqithi ngokupheleleyo. Ilizwe ayikho licandelo uphando sele iphuhlisiwe, equka isithethe lwezenzululwazi, uqeqesho olulodwa, iminyaka yamava. Yenza izixhobo ezintsha, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka. Ingakwazanga ukunikwa belingana lunempumelelo elinzima baseRashiya, America okanye abaphuhlisi Western eYurophu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kwishishini ukuziphendulela iSebe Iran isekelwe phezu indlela zokuboleka iimodeli angaphandle ukuze kwenziwe kwezixhobo kweli lizwe.

Oku kulandela ukuba iphambili kumsebenzi kuyilo nophando ezinezakhi izixhobo amazwe, aqokele - Ukuphuculwa sesicatshulwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno Iran kaThixo. An izinto angumzekelo na Chinese, North Korean, Pakistani, American kunye Russian iimveliso zomkhosi. Oku kuqinisekiswe ziingcali kwi iingalo. izixhobo Iranian intshumayelo kunye ukubonisa ngokuya okwesihlandlo sokuqala, ngoko nangoko wagxeka iingcali ezaziwayo yemicimbi zomkhosi. Mhlawumbi "imithombo wempembelelo" Iran i ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo: ukusuka ukuthengwa kwezikim mthethweni ukuba ubukrelekrele ezifunyenweyo. Ukongeza, ukubaluleka apha isivumelwano kwintsebenziswano emkhosini-technical isayinwe bilaterally.

Ubukho kobunzima esinyanisekileyo zikuthintele inkokheli ephezulu lizwe ukudala isiseko sophando yomkhosi kunye nemikhosi exhobileyo. okwangoku Iran kukho inani elaneleyo kumaziko ophando, kumaziko ophando ukulinga, amaziko zoyilo. Kusekwe iziseko zomkhosi yindawo kuphuhliso imifuziselo ezintsha izixhobo ezahlukeneyo emkhosini.

imikhosi imizili Iran i-

Nangona isibakala sokuba Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezininzi kwiinkqubo enomjukujelwa sele kuphuhliso Iran ukuze kude kuphela kwixesha elide, i-analogue ezikhoyo kule minyaka ilishumi ezayo kukho amathuba enkulu okufumana isiseko ebalulekileyo ekudaleni isanda enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa kwinqanaba eliphakathi-ibanga. Ukuphumeza ezi ziphumo ezibalulekileyo ukuze kufutshane ekudalweni imijukujelwa enjalo weave. Kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga licwangcisela kuphela. Ngoku Iran sele izixhobo wayengaphakamanga imijukujelwa kunye neqhinga wacinga-kakuhle.

imikhosi enomjukujelwa eziliqela kunye umyalelo phantsi yazo engundoqo kwinkokeli ngokomoya - Commander Tlakukeke:

• "Shahab-3D" yaye "shahab-3M" ine uluhlu ilingane, ngu 1300 km. Ezi izindululi 32 apha.
• "Shakhab-1" kunye "Shakhab-2 'abe uluhlu ukuya ku-700 km yaye 64 izindululi.
• izikhali okulwa.

Inkqubo ye imijukujelwa wamqalisa

Irula Forces of omkhosi karhulumente Iranian, njengoko umthetho, iiyunithi ezithwalwayo ukuqalisa imijukujelwa. Oku kunempembelelo entle umsebenzi wabo. Kwi kwindawo engundoqo ye Iran i-ibekwe ngexabiso-technical base indawo, ehambelana imimandla imeko. Xa ngamnye kubo kukho izitora, amafutha kunye neoli izixhobo, amafutha eyama, ukuphuhliswa inkqubo yonxibelelwano, ngoku inezakhiwo yayo.

Izakhiwo imijukujelwa wayisusa khosi emsebenzini, tshintsha indawo kanye rhoqo. Izindululi uninzi bezenze neelori eliphakathi, ekhatshwa zigqunyiweyo kunye noomatshini. Ngalinye yokugqibela uthwala ngokufihlakeleyo ezase ezimbini ngezikhali. Inkqubo yokuhamba idla igqitha kufutshane nezikhululo ziphembelela mobile.

Ukuzama ukuchaza indlela yophuhliso imeko neAfrika, kufuneka athathele ingqalelo imeko kusenzeka ngeenxa Iran. Ukuzimisela uRhulumente ukuya nobunzima ixhomekeka ngobume imikhosi yayo exhobileyo, nto leyo iba nefuthe elikhulu kuphuhliso lweenkqubo yehlabathi jikelele.