Imiyalelo yeziHlomelo

Isibhengezo sinxalenye yentetho ephuhlisayo . Iilwimi ezifunda i-Old Russian ulwimi, zithetha ukuba nakwiimibhalo zakudala zesiRashiya kwakukho izihlomelo. Ngona kunjalo, amaqela abo okuqala kunye namaqela amanqamle ahlongozwe ngokweendlela zokwakha kunye neentsingiselo ze-morphological.

Izivakalisi kwiimvakalisi zidla ngokuphindaphindiweyo zenza indima ye-syntactic yeemeko. Ngokubaluleka kwexabiso, amaqela amabini ahlukeneyo: iindidi ezichanekileyo kunye ezichanekileyo zezivakalisi.

I zihlomelo

Ezi zihlomelo zibonisa iimpawu ezinokuthi zenziwe ngobungakanani, kunye neminye impawu. Iinqanaba lezihlomelo ziyahlula zibe ngamacandana amathathu:

1. I zihlomelo. Ukuchazela umgangatho wekhwalithi kunye nemilinganiselo yesenzo, phendula le mibuzo: kwinqanaba elingakanani? Ngakanani? (Imizekelo - encinane, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, encinane, epheleleyo, kude kube mnyama, eninzi, phantse).
2. Izihlomelo ezifanelekileyo. Ziyakhelwe kwizichazi ezifanelekileyo, zichane umgangatho wento okanye isihloko, uphendule umbuzo njani? (Imizekelo - inobuthakathaka, inesizotha, ngokukhawuleza, emnyama, ephuculwayo)
3. Umfanekiso kunye nesantya sokwenza. Isibhengezo sibonisa indlela ezenziwa ngayo, iphendula imibuzo: njani? Njani? (Imizekelo - ukutshitshisa, ukungaboni kakuhle, ngokuzimela, ukuya kumgca)

I zihlomelo

Iimeko zengxowaniso zichaza ukujoliswa kwezinto ezijolise kuzo, izihlandlo, ubuxhakaxhaka kunye nendawo. Yahlula ngamaqela amane:

1. Izalathisi zendawo. Phawula kwimeko, phendula imibuzo: phi? Uvela phi? Phi? (Imizekelo - ekunene, ekhohlo, phezulu, apha, yonke indawo, apho, khona).
2. Izalathisi zexesha. Khangela ixesha lezenzo, phendula le mibuzo: ukususela nini? Kufike nini? Nini? (Imizekelo namhlanje, izolo, rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha, imihla ngemihla, ehlobo, entwasahlobo, kude kube ngoku).
3. Izalathisi zeenjongo. Ukuchazela injongo yento, oko kukuthi, kutheni le nyathelo isenziwa, phendula umbuzo: ngenjongo yintoni? Kutheni? (Iimzekelo - ukubonisa, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, ngengozi, ngengozi, ngenjongo, ngenjongo).
4. Izaziso zesigqibo. Isizathu sokuba izinto ezenzekayo ziphendule umbuzo: kutheni? (Imizekelo - kuba, ukusuka ekushiseni, ebubini, ngokubuwula, isipho, ukuphosa).

Izahlomelo zihambelana nezinye iindawo ezizimeleyo zesichazi-magama, izenzi, izenzi, izenzibizo, iinombolo kunye ne-gerund.

Ukwakhiwa kwezihlomelo kwenzeka ngezindlela eziliqela:

1. Ukuhlanganiswa kweziphakamiso ezineengxenye ezizimeleyo zentetho kunye nokucatshungulwa kwangexesha elifanayo kunye neenguqu zalo zibe ngamagama amaninzi ahlukeneyo.
2. Ukuphindaphinda kwamagama kunye nokudibaniswa kweziphakamiso-iziqulatho (umzekelo, na) kwifom yesibhengezo (umzekelo - owomileyo). Ukuphindaphinda kwegama elinye kwiifom zeemeko ezahlukeneyo (imizekelo - emhlophe-emhlophe, abamnyama abamnyama). Sebenzisa kwakhona ukuphindaphinda kwamagama kunye nencazelo efanayo (imizekelo-eqiniweyo-eqinile, efanayo-pozdorovu).
3. Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye inxalenye yentetho. Ngoko, ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwama-gerund ngokulahlekelwa kwezilwanyana kunye neentsingiselo zesikhashana (imizekelo-ukulala, ukuma, ukungathandeki, ngokukhawuleza).
4. Ukwakhiwa kwezibhengezo ngokufaka izithintelo kwisiseko sesichazi kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwixesha elikhoyo (imizekelo - ukucula, ngokubanzi, ukukhathazeka, ubuhlobo). Kwakhona le ndlela isetyenziswe kumanani amaninzi (kanye, kabini).
5. Isisombululo-sokuqala. Izalathisi zenziwe kwiimpawu zesigidimi kunye nezichasiso ngoncedo lwezimbini ze-suffixes-emu kunye ne-form. Yongeza isiqalo (imizekelo - endala, entwasahlobo, entsha, ngendlela enhle, ngesiNgesi).
6. Kwakhona izibhengezo zingenziwa kwiintetho ezizinzile, ezisetyenziswe kwimeko yeemeko (imizekelo - isandla ngesandla, imikhono, i-downside down, akukho ukukhanya kokukhanya kunokukhanya, ngokukhawuleza).

Ezi ziindlela eziphambili zokwenza izibhengezo.

Upelo lwe Zilumkiso

Esinye sezigaba ezinzima kakhulu yimithetho yokupelisa, ephantsi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlomelo. Nangona kunjalo, ininzi yabo ibhalwe phantsi.

Izandiso zenza enye yemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yentetho: bayongeza isiseko segrama kunye nokucacisa imifanekiso ebhaliweyo okanye ebhaliweyo.

Kwimiba yokuziphatha yile ngxenye yentetho, iilwimi zibhekisela ekungagxinini kwezihlomelo, oko kukuthi, ukungabikho kweendlela ezininzi zokutshintshwa kwamanani kunye namaxesha kunye nobukho beemfuno ezithile.