Indlela yokufundisa zenzululwazi kwisaveyi umfundi.

Student uphando pedagogy, nokuba coursework okanye idiploma (WRC), kufuneka kwakhona negalelo kuphuhliso ekufundiseni isayensi. Ngoko ke, lo umphandi oselula kufuneka ukuqonda ngokucacileyo imisebenzi ukufundisa ezenzululwazi kunye nendlela nokufundisa isayensi.

umsebenzi senkolelo yaqaphela kwisifundo kwaye ingcaciso amava advanced zokufundisa (inqanaba elichazayo) kwi lokufunyaniswa imisebenzi zemfundo, imfundo iziganeko (inqanaba diagnostic), izifundo zovavanyo leyinene zokufundisa kunye nokwakhiwa yotshintsho imodeli - iingcamango zokufundisa, iinkqubo (inqanaba axelwe kwangaphambili).

umsebenzi kwezobugcisa kukuphuhlisa izinto zokufundisa ayimfuneko okwenza kwengqiqo zokufundisa, iingcamango (inqanaba projective); e sokuhlola impumelelo nokufundisa zenzululwazi indlela yokufundisa (lokuguqulwa); kuvavanyo ngeziphumo zophando yezemfundo kwi impembelelo yeendlela zokufundisa kunye namathuba ilungiswe yayo (umaleko Boneka).

Igama elithi "Indlela yokufundisa Science" ibandakanya imigaqo ngokubanzi, isakhiwo, ucwangciso olufanelekileyo, iindlela kunye kwingqiqo, inguqu wihi.

Indlela yokuba pedagogy yinkqubo enzima owayamileyo equlethe amanqanaba amane:

a) kwinqanaba zefilosofi - elona zinga liphezulu, wenza njengoko ulwazi enkulu nayiphi methodological esisiseko imisela iindlela bulumko ukuya uphando lwezenzululwazi.

Oku zimelwe imigca eziliqela, ophawulwe nge okwenzeka ngayo ihlabathi kuphandwa inkqubo zokufundisa: Neothomism positivism kunye noneo, ngengqiqo eziphathekayo ontologism gnoseologism, neokantianism, ebambekayo kunye zeniyo-ebambekayo, ebomini globalism kunye nabanye.

b) inqanaba lwenzululwazi jikelele kuquka iindlela methodological onke okanye ubuninzi kwiinkalo zenzululwazi, kuquka yokufundisa.

Le mbono "Indlela" ligxininisa kwicala engundoqo ye uphando, i-engile woqobo into yokufunda. Xa uphando zemfundo ume out:

- indlela yenkqubo, ebonisa unxibelelwano jikelele kunye kokuxhomekeka le nesenzeko kunye neenkqubo ngokoqobo;

- indlela edibeneyo, ebandakanya uphando deyatelnosi nenkqubo ngokupheleleyo okanye nesenzeko, ngokunjalo zonke izizathu ezibalulekileyo, vlyayuschih kuphuhliso nokusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukufezekisa le njongo.

- hermeneutic - ibonakalisa imfuneko sokuqonda isifundo, ukucaciswa zeetekisi, iisimboli, neentsingiselo.

- paradigmatic - uchaza indlela lombutho ulwazi lwenzululwazi

c) Izinga ethile - iindlela methodological omonakalo ingqeqesho ekhethekileyo, kulo mzekelo ekufundiseni.

Okwangoku, i izifundo zenzululwazi kunye zokufundiswa iinkqubo yokuma humanization kunye historicizing, nto leyo ibandakanya ulwabiwo imilinganiselo yabantu ephambili, intshayelelo inkqubo yokwazi kwimeko inkcubeko kunye kubomi. Ezi ntsingiselo bacebisa ngeendlela methodological kuphando zokufundisa: yabantu; ubuntu; umfundi-TAC; umsebenzi; polysubject; akmeologicheskij; akseologichesky; nezifundo zenkcubeko; i kubalulekile; phenomenological; imbali; enengqondo; impucuko; formational.

d) level kobuchwepheshe - iseti iindlela, izifundo zobuchule zinika ukuchaneka somgaqo-ezo zinto zifundwayo kunye nokulungiswa yayo ephambili, emva kokuba ifakiwe kukho uluhlu ulwazi lwenzululwazi.

Indlela yokufundisa zesayensi iyafuneka ukwakhiwa umfundi yophando zokufundisa. Ngokomgangatho wophando zokufundisa ukuvumela ukuba ukuqikelela iimpawu zayo methodological, kubonakala intshayelelo:

ukubaluleka ingxaki zophando, injongosenzi kunye intloko yesifundo, injongo kunye neenjongo issledovanaiya hypothesis (okanye izibonelelo ezingundoqo ukuziphendulela), isiseko methodological uphando, iindlela zophando, imithombo zophando.

Indlela yokufundisa isayensi ziyachazwa iimpawu ngasentla yomsebenzi yomfundi ngokupheleleyo ngokukhawuleza imisele indlela yomsebenzi, ezikhethiweyo yembali, theory and practical ukuba isifundo eziphathekayo.