Ingcamango oluntu isosioloji: ingongoma esisiseko umbono

Ingcamango yokuhlalisana ngokwalo livela "uluntu" lesiLatini elithi, yaye ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba le isayensi. Inkampani iyabandakanyeka kunye nento yokufunda yokuhlalisana.

Ingcamango isosioloji wasibeka ukusetyenziswa Auguste Comte, sobulumko French eyaziwa kule yokuqala kwenkulungwane XIX. Kwaye ekuqaleni, le inzululwazi ichongwe nenzululwazi lwentlalo. kwabantu kamva zabelwa isebe eyahlukileyo, ngokucacileyo kwaye ukujongana ngokukodwa neengxaki zentlalo.

Ingcamango eluntwini kwabantu, linamanqaku eziliqela umbono. Lo gama kuthathwa kunxulumano abantu izinto ezifanayo, iziko iqela eklasini okanye ngokomnombo-based, ukuchaza abemi kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nabameli amaqela eentlanga kunye nezizwe. Ukuba ngaba sithi kule ndlela, ukususela kokulula ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo; yintoni ekugqibeleni uluntu - bonke abantu abahlala kulo mhlaba. Inkolelo zixhaphakileyo eluntwini kwabantu, ngaloo ndlela, kubandakanya yinxalenye yehlabathi apho ezona ziphambili abantu kunye nonxibelelwano lwabo omnye nomnye kunye ifomu imibutho. Ngoko ke, cinga eli lungiselelo ngokweenkcukacha.

Ebanzi ingqiqo yoluntu kwi isosioloji luthatha ngokwahlukana kwayo ukusuka kwindalo nje inxalenye abazi, befuna nokuphila. Mu kuya kwa nshita uhlobo uluntu akuthethi ukuphuhlisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Kuye imithetho yaso ukuthi zidalwe ngumntu, yaye ekugqibeleni babe yinxalenye yenkcubeko kwabantu. Noko ke, osahluleyo kuluntu ukusuka kwindalo akuthethi awunandaba zabo. Umdibaniso phakathi kwabo indissoluble, yaye ekugqibeleni nabo baxhomekeke omnye komnye. Uluntu ukusuka indalo - ukuya kakhulu. Zonke izenzo kunye nezenzo umntu ngokunxulumene zokuhlala zendalo emva kuye ngohlobo lobunzima eziphilayo, kusongela ukulahlekelwa bonke, kukho ikhulu ehlabathini, kuquka ezo zidalwe ngezandla zabantu.

Ngenxa yoko, ingqiqo eluntwini isosioloji iqwalasela into layo lokufunda universal self-okuqinisa nokuphuhlisa inkqubo, umgangatho okulinganiselwa yi ngendlela edibana ngayo kokusingqongileyo, kokubini inkqubo yentsebenziswano phakathi ezahlukeneyo iinkalo zobomi kawonke nempembelelo kwabanye.

Ingcamango woMntu yokuhlalisana waziqwalasela emithathu izimvo. Neenkxalabo kuqala uhlobo, ubume bemvelo womntu, kwaye eyesibini igxininisa iimpawu zangaphandle kunye zangaphakathi umntu njengomntu ngamnye, kwaye eyesithathu isekelwe phezu iimpawu ezahlula njengendawo imveliso yonxulumano loluntu. Sifikelela kwi ngasinye kwezi mbono.

Le ndoda - umntwana wendalo. Ngoko ke, oko unamakhonkco amaninzi kunye nehlabathi isilwanyana. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo abazala zabo ezincinane, umi phakathi kwabo iimpawu ezifana bipedalism, ukukwazi ukuvelisa ukutya ngoncedo izixhobo, ukudalwa kweemeko bekhululekile ngobukho ubungqina malunga nesakhiwo entsonkothileyo lobuchopho bomntu. ephila - eyona nto ibalulekileyo, loo nto isehlo abantu kunye nezilwanyana.

Ngaphezu koko, isosioloji igxininisa kumntu nje omnye. Eli binzana imali ingakumbi ongathi yimbonakalo yomntu, umlinganiswa, ubuntu, isidanga yophuhliso ingqondo, oko kukuthi, ezo mpawu original ezahlula lee ngokwayo ngathi eluntwini.

Kodwa ingqiqo engundoqo woMntu kwigama elithi "umntu" kwi yokuhlalisana kwaye ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yayo eluntwini, uphawula indlela iimpawu eziphambili ezibalulekileyo eluntwini. Ezi ziquka, abazi, ixabiso esebenzayo yokuziphatha, umntu onoxanduva ngokunxulumene kwenzeka ntoni ngeenxa zonke kuye. Ubuntu esibonakaliswa ngeendima afuna yona inkqubo yentsebenziswano nabantu yaye alwa nabo njani kakuhle.

Ngenxa yoko, sigqiba ukuba yokuhlalisana komntu kunye noluntu - iyunithi enye.