Ingxabano. Izigaba ingxabano. Izigaba zophuhliso kunye nengxabano

Complex emininzi-ngakwicala nesenzeko, kunye nokutshintsha zayo kunye nesakhiwo, ngokuqhelekileyo luchazwa ngegama elithi "ungquzulwano". Amanqanaba ingxabano ukuqinisekisa imeko yayo yophuhliso, nto leyo kuba lamathuba ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye izigaba. Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngale meko ezintsonkothileyo kwezentlalo nasengqondweni.

le nkcazelo

Le Dynamics ungquzulwano ingabonwa njenge ezivaliweyo ngendlela ebanzi. Kwimeko yokuqala, phantsi kwesi imeko ithetha sigaba ungquzulwano kakhulu bukhali. Ngokubanzi amanqanaba ungquzulwano - le yinkqubo ethatha ixesha elide acacise apho ubudlelwane izigaba kulandelelana ngexesha kunye nendawo. Ukuze kulungiswe le meko akukho ndlela enye. Umzekelo, LD Segodeev ibonisa izigaba ezithathu malunga nemiba kwembambano, zonke ezo yahlulahlulwe yaba ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo. Iminenga AI ayixoxe inkqubo izidubedube ngezigaba ezithathu kunye VP Galitsky kunye NF Fsedenko - ezintandathu. Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi ziyenzeka imbambano. Amanqanaba ungquzulwano, ngokoluvo lwabo, uneendlela ezimbini ongakhetha kuzo, izihlandlo ezithathu, izigaba ezine izigaba elinanye. Eli nqaku liza echazwe kanye lo mbono.

ixesha zophuhliso Embodiments and step

nga eziku amanqanaba ungquzulwano olunokubakho kwi meko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: ukulwa zibandakanyiwe ekunyukeni inyathelo (ngobuwena lokuqala) okanye udlula kuyo (ngobuwena yesibini).

Amaxesha ingxabano zininzi iimeko zilandelayo:

1. Ukwahlula - amaqela alwayo bahlukana, uzama ukukhusela kuphela iimfuno zabo, usebenzisa iintlobo akhutheleyo ngxabano.
2. Ngxabano - amaqela ungquzulwano ukusebenzisa iindlela nzima ukulawula amandla.
3. Uhlanganiso - bangi ukuti bedibene ngoko ke aqale ukujonga isisombululo ukusilela.

Ukongeza ukwahluka namaxesha zezi zilandelayo zigaba eziyintloko ungquzulwano:

1. Predkonflikt (isigaba afihlakeleyo).
2. intsebenziswano eziyingxaki (uxhathiso kwinqanaba esebenzayo, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, yahlulwe ngokwezigaba ezithathu: yokusebenzisana isehlo ingapheli ukulungelelana).
3. Sigqibo (ungquzulwano zokugqiba).
4. Post-ingxabano (iziphumo).

Ngezantsi esiza kuxubusha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha kwisigaba apho isigaba ngasinye yahlulwe ungquzulwano intsebenziswano.

Predkonflikt (isigaba main)

Inqanaba abagxothwa zophuhliso ezi zigaba zilandelayo:

1. Ukuvela imeko yongquzulwano a. Kweli nqanaba, phakathi iqela kukho yintswela, kodwa abazi nto okwangoku kwaye musa ukuthatha nawaphi na amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze bakhusele kwizikhundla zabo.
2. Ukuqonda ukuba ngquzulwano. Ngeli xesha, emacaleni iqela aqalile ndaqonda ukuba kungquzulwano igalelekile. imeko Kulo mzekelo, imbono kuye kwavela edla ezikhathazayo. Ukuqondwa imeko Injongo ungquzulwano kunokuba zombini eziphosakeleyo kwaye efanelekileyo (okt oluchanekileyo).
3. Abachasi kuzama ukuyisombulula ingxaki engxamisekileyo iindlela zonxibelelwano, ukunyaniseka nokubhala isikhundla sakhe.
4. iimeko Pre-ungquzulwano. Oku kwenzeka xa iindlela zokuhlala esinoxolo ingxaki zingahlanganiselwanga impumelelo. Le uhlangothi waqonda ubunyani isisongelo waza wagqiba ekubeni izithakazelo zabo ngezinye iindlela.

intsebenziswano eziyingxaki. isiganeko

Isiganeko - ke sokukhomba ngabom abachasi abafuna ukuthatha phezu into kuphela kwembambano, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imiphumo. Ulwazi isisongelo ngokomdla wabo yenza amaqela alwayo ukusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo yempembelelo. Isiganeko - oku sisiqalo ukungquzulana. Yena licacisa eseleyo ngamandla ubhenca kwizikhundla macala eziphikisanayo. Kweli nqanaba, iqela nkqu ive nje amarhe kwezibonelelo, izakhono, lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu kunye nezibonelelo eziya kubanceda ngakumbi. Oku, kwelinye icala, ziqulathe iingxabano, yaye kwelinye - yenza ukuba eyazo. Kwesi sigaba, iqela baqalisa ukuba sibuyele wesithathu, t. E. Ukuze achukumise kwabasemagunyeni enkundla lokukhuthaza ukukhusela iimfanelo zabo. Ngasinye sezifundo ze-inkcaso izama ukutsala nani likhulu sabaxhasi.

intsebenziswano eziyingxaki. kwengxabano

Eli nqanaba iphawulwa ukunyuka elibukhali kwi ndlongondlongo amaqela alwayo. Noko ke, izenzo zabo ezilandelayo etshabalalisayo okukhulu ngaphezu yangaphambili. Imiphumo kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba uza kude ingxabano. Amanqanaba ingxabano zahlulwe amanqanaba eziliqela kuphuhliso yayo;

1. Ukuhla elibukhali yokusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha. Izifundo ngxabano wabe iindlela ndlongondlongo ngakumbi abangekaphuhli ukuba awunandaba.
2. Ukubana basuke umdlali njongo jikelele "utshaba". Lo mfanekiso uba phambili imodeli ulwazi lwe imbambano.
3. Ukunyuka emoyeni.
4. Inguqu ngokukhawuleza ukusuka iingxoxo afanelekileyo kuhlaselo lomntu kunye namabango.
5. Ukukhula elikwisikhundla oluneqela akuvumelekanga, kwaye kwaphula iimfuno nokwehlukana babo njalo. Umdla zamaqela zenziwe kwengqondo.
6. ubundlobongela Uncompromised ye, classes.
7. Ukulahlekelwa le ngozi, into yokuqala.
8. Gabalala le impixano, lenguqu yayo neqonga lwehlabathi.
9. Ukubandakanyeka longquzulwano-nxaxheba ezintsha.

Ezi mpawu zingasentla uphawu zombini ungquzulwano nabanye kunye yeqela. Le yangqubana lwabasunguli ukuze azixhase ngamandla nokwakha data iinkqubo ngokwenza isiqaqa amacala amabini. Kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba, ngexesha ekunyukeni kwisigaba abazi iqela psyche ngcembe uphelelwa ukubaluleka kwayo.

intsebenziswano eziyingxaki. intsebenziswano ezinzileyo

Kwesi sigaba, ngabalawulwa ungquzulwano ukuqonda, ekugqibeleni, ukuba ngamandla ke musa ukusombulula le ngxaki. Baqhubekeka nzima, kodwa iqondo ndlongondlongo ebegqwese lifinyele. Nangona kunjalo, lo inyathelo yokwenene malunga yesisombululo esinoxolo le meko, emacaleni aso omabini abangekenzi kwenziwa.

nengxabano

Izigaba Isisombululo ungquzulwano luphawulwa ekuyekeni awunandaba esebenzayo, ulwazi imfuneko thethwano kunye ngayo utshintsho olusebenzayo.

1. Ukugqitywa yokungqubana kwisigaba esebenzayo nokuba ibangelwe zizinto ezininzi; utshintsho olukhulu amaxabiso inkqubo ephikisanayo macala; kuncipha izicacele enye bangi; ubuze elikhangeleka amanyathelo; noludumileyo olungathethekiyo omnye amaqela; ukubonakala ngokuchasene kwiqela lesithathu ukuba unako ukwenza igalelo elibonakalayo isisombululo kule ngxaki.
2. Eneneni ngesisombululo imbambano. Amaqela baqale thethana, ngokupheleleyo balahle iindlela zobundlobongela omzabalazo. Iindlela zokusombulula longquzulwano ingaba oku kulandelayo: utshintsho izikhundla emacaleni eziphikisanayo; ukususwa kwenye okanye onke amalungu inkcaso; ekutshatyalalisweni yenjongosenzi ungquzulwano; thethwano esebenzayo; unyango yabadlali ukuba umntu wesithathu, idlala indima somlali.

Ungquzulwano banokusilela kwezinye iindlela: eziphango (ebunayo) okanye ngokwanda zibe ngxabano kwinqanaba ezahlukeneyo.

Isigaba post-ungquzulwano

1. Isisombululo Partial. Amanyathelo ungquzulwano lwentlalo kupheliswa ekupheleni kweli nqanaba uxolo kakhulu. Le meko luphawulwa nokulondolozwa uxinzeleko lweemvakalelo, thethwano kuqhubeka kusemnandi amabango amazwi efanayo. Kweli nqanaba ngxabano amaxesha post-impixano syndrome, nto leyo igcwele kunye nophuhliso yembambano entsha.
2. Ukuzinza okanye isigqibo ngokupheleleyo ungquzulwano. Esi sigaba luphawulwa ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo zengqondo ezimbi ukufikelela kwinqanaba entsha yentsebenziswano eyakhayo. Amanqanaba zokulawula impixano kwesi isigaba ngokupheleleyo. macala mabini abuyisele ulwalamano kwaye uqale umsebenzi onemveliso ehlangeneyo.

isiphelo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ungquzulwano kungenzeka nemizekelo emibini, omnye leyo ithetha ukungabikho kwesigaba yingxabano. Ukuba ibiyinyaniso loo macala elichasayo kubanjwa ngendlela eyakhayo ngakumbi.

It ilinganiselwe zonke iingxabano. Amanqanaba ingxabano kulinganiselwe kwexesha, isithuba, kwaye intra-isakhelo. Ixesha le ngozi esibonakala ubude bayo, sixunela kwezingabonwayo. Intra-umda ngxabano ebangelwe okukhutshwa zifundo ngaphandle inani lilonke labathathi-nxaxheba.

Ngenxa yoko, ungquzulwano intsebenziswano enzima phakathi ntshaba ndlongo zivulelwe. uphuhliso yayo ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho ethile, ulwazi kuzo kunokunceda nxaxheba bawaphephe kunye ilahleko ukufikelela kwisivumelwano ngu ngoxolo ndlela, eyakhayo.