Ingxaki uphando - yintoni na le nto? izibonelo

ukufunda le ngxaki - yinto msebenzi ubalulekileyo noxanduva. Yilaa kukhethiwe njani kakuhle, isiphumo lokugqibela luxhomekeke umsebenzi. Makhe sihlolisise imibuzo ngokuphathelele ukukhetha kwakhe, ukunika iiprojekthi embalwa ethile kunye nophando.

hypothesis

Kusenokubonakala ngathi ingxaki enxulumene nophando lwenzululwazi kunye hypothesis? Ukuziqhelisa, kukho unxulumano ngqo phakathi kwabo bobabini. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenza kwi projekthi, kufuneka ufumanise kakuhle oko uza uhlaziye ngethuba lezifundo zabo. Hypothesis - a othi elisuke ekuqaleni iprojekthi yophando okanye isifundo ililinge. Njengoko into zokufunda okanye into ethile, oko kuqinisekiswa okanye ukulahlwa.

imiba Search

Sisazi ukuba ingxaki phando - ingumzamo ethile ezizayo kunye Umphandi emva kokuba igqityiwe yomzamo, kubalulekile ukuthatha nzulu ukhetho yomxholo umsebenzi okanye iprojekthi.

Indlela ukukwenza kakuhle? Xa kusiyiwa esikolweni amaphepha ophando okanye iiprojekthi, ukukhethwa yomxholo oluqhutywa ngentsebenziswano kunye nomphathi.

Imizekelo kukhetho

Kuxhomekeka kwiindawo yenzululwazi ezikhethiweyo ukuba olu lingelo, isihloko kunokuba zombini ezimbaxa kunye ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba ngaba uceba ukufunda imbali photo mnye, ukuba izifundo le ngxaki ingabonwa befuna nezalamane iindawo ezinxulumene nomfanekiso. Ngokomzekelo, njengokuba uhlobo lo msebenzi, usenokucinga isikolo ifoto endala iklasi yabaphumeleleyo. Guys sinokufumanisa ngexesha iprojekthi yakho, njani ziyahlelwa ngamnye abantwana, ukufunda zengqondo zabo esikolweni.

iindlela zokusebenza

Ukongeza kumxholo, kubalulekile ukukhetha iindlela ezifanelekileyo iingxaki zophando. Kungenjalo bekuya kuba nzima ukuthetha malunga ukufaneleka kunye nokuthembeka iziphumo. Umzekelo, ukuba uphando luqhutywa kwinkalo chemistry okanye eziphilayo, uyacebiswa ukuba usebenzise indlela zovavanyo.

Ngexesha uthotho amalinge, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuchonga avareji, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ukufikelela kwizigqibo. Sagqiba ekubeni baqhube isifundo kwintsimi wobuntu? Kulo mzekelo, ungenza isicelo uphando lwezenhlalo.

Umzekelo, ukufikisa ukhetho efanelekileyo umsebenzi elizayo. Ngaba zihlalutywe kusetyenziswa iindlela zethu njengoko sawo kuchaphazela isizukulwana esitsha umsebenzi ebomini.

Indlela yokuqhuba isifundo esinjalo? Uhlalutyo ingxaki ibandakanya kukhetho lo material senkolelo liqhuba uhlolo uncwadi. Okokuqala kuya kufuneka ukuba wazi ukuba yintoni na ezahlukeneyo iintlobo Isimo, iindlela zophendlo eziya kubavumela ukuba ukuchonga elivisayo.

Emva koko ke pick up liqela lamavolontiya, eza kwenziwa kule ezikhethiweyo iimvavanyo. Eshwankathela iziphumo zophando, singakwazi ukunikela amacebiso xa abantwana abo imisebenzi ethe yaphawulwa njengoko elilelona ngexesha lovavanyo.

Iinjongo Iinjongo

Iinjongo ingxaki yophando kufuneka ezithile, ngqo, sengqiqweni. Emva kokuba ukhethe umxholo kufuneka ukuchaza injongo yale projekthi. Ngokusekelwe kuwo, ungakhetha imisebenzi ukuba umphandi uya kugqiba malunga nobungakanani projekthi. Ukucinga ukuba injongo yale nokuhlola kuba ukubala ubungakanani isiqulatho ascorbic asidi amaqunube rowan. Njengoko imisebenzi ekufuneka kunikelwa ngaxeshanye, khetha:

• ukufunda iincwadi lwenzululwazi lemibuzo yophando;
• Ukukhethwa ezininzi iindlela into eyayiza kuba olubanzi unyaniseke kulo mzekelo;
• ukuqokelela izinto ukuze ukucikideka;
• eksperimenti;
• kwizigqibo kunye neengcebiso ingxaki zophando.

Ukongeza olu lingelo ukuba izicelo ikhankanywe, neya kubandakanya tabular amanani vitamin C isiqulatho kwi iisampulu.

Isazinzulu Young onokuthelekiswa neemfundiso etafileni ifunyenwe, izigqibo.

into yokufunda

Indlela yokusombulula iingxaki zabafundi zophando mihla? Njengoko into yabaphandi ekhethiweyo iivithamini, amafutha, iikhabhohayidrethi, xa kufikwa iiprojekthi endle neyezinto eziphilayo. Ngokomzekelo, njengoko injongo yezifundo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe White kuLwandle unxweme. Ngenxa yokuba ngo-2002 kwi-Onega Bay yaba kweoli enkulu evela itanki, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuhlalutya indlela meko kubonakala enezityalo nezilwanyana zolwandle.

endabeni yokufunda

Ingxaki uphando ngumba obalulekileyo ukuze kwakhiwe yokucinga ubhalo kwi abaselula. Ukukhetha le mxholo isifundo ixhomekeke ulwalathiso yonke imisebenzi projekthi.

Njengenxalenye ngokuqaliswa isikolo mihla urhulumente yase isizukulwana esitsha imilinganiselo, oko kwandisa ukungxamiseka kunye ukufaneleka uphando yomfundi.

umntwana ngamnye kufuneka kwakhiwe indlela yakhe zemfundo yophuhliso, kwaye ukulandela nayiphi na umsebenzi iprojekthi. I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMfundo kootitshala umsebenzi zokubumba ngemvisiswano kuphuhliswa ubuntu, ekwaziyo self-uphuhliso, nokunxulumana kuluntu lwanamhlanje ngempumelelo. Ukuze kuphunyezwe lo msebenzi utitshala ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa kumsebenzi wabo zokufundisa na indlela yoyilo.

Ezintsha kunye nokubaluleka

Le peculiarity zesifundo, ukusombulula ingxaki ngaphakathi sikhokelo iprojekthi yesikolo ukuba iziphumo ezifunyenweyo ezihambelana kunye nentsingiselo. Ukuze ukhethe uphando izifundo ezichanekileyo kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo imiba emininzi kwaye ebalulekileyo. Ukuba ingxaki uphando - yona yindlela zapusknoe nayiphi na iprojekthi, kuba eli ezintsha yenzululwazi kunye nokubaluleka practical.

Umzekelo, nokuba usebenzela ukuba ubuchule wezinto yomzamo, unako ukufumana i ingxenye ezintsha. Ukuba umsebenzi kukuthi abalwaziyo oku, ithe iintsingiselo. ukufunda le ngxaki - yiyo le ngongoma ibalulekileyo, nto leyo utsalela ingqalelo umphathi wewadi umsebenzi wophando okanye iprojekthi. Phambi kolonyulo yakhe kuyimfuneko ukufunda ngenyameko ezincwadini zesayensi, nezenzo ezikhoyo kumbandela yophando.

iingxaki criteria

Kukho imithetho ethile ekufuneka zihambelane ingxaki yophando:

• mibuzo injongo;
• ukubaluleka practical.

Wokuphuthuma kubonisa ukubaluleka umbandela ngexesha. Ukufanisa kule projekthi okanye isifundo, ukufaneleka, wena iyakwazi ukuphawula unxibelelwano phakathi imeko ngobugcisa elizayo ekufutshane.

Umzekelo of a school project

Siqhuba uyilo engumzekelo umsebenzi school project enxulumene nokuzimisela ubungakanani ascorbic acid (vitamin C) kwi iti. Ukuqaliswa lihlola ukubaluleka umxholo, izibakala eyayikuyo into yokufunda.

Okuninzi Rus wasebenzisa ukumnika rose-iti neziselo kunye namachiza izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukungqinwa iimpawu ezizodwa le iti zifumaneka imisebenzi wamazwe Russian Peter Alexandrovich Badmaeva. Wahlala ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, ngenxa ngokuyinxenye ukusebenzisa nokuhlanganiswa esi sityalo emangalisayo.

Ivan-iti kukho imichiza kuqamba ekhethekileyo, oko kufanele ngokuthi "indawo yokugcina indalo." abahlali yaseYurophu kakhulu ukufaneleka Ivan-iti, equlethe amaxesha 6.5 ngaphezulu ascorbic acid (vitamin C) ngaphezu lemon.

Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX, le mveliso waba yesibini kuluhlu ezithunyelwa eRussia kuya eYurophu (emva rhubarb). Emva kokuba lokufakwa yaseBritani Indiya kwi kwintsimi loni kuvela zokutyala iti emnyama, umhlobo ngokuthanda kwakho onke eRashiya yanamhlanje. I baseBritani, efuna ukufumana ezibonakalayo, "ukuwina" Russia kunye 'ukunyanzela' imveliso entsha kubahlali bayo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, isithethe ukusetyenziswa willow-imifuno yalahleka, kwaye le mveliso luncedo into engalunganga ngoyaba.

Imeko yezoqoqosho enzima, i ingxaki lobudlelwane namazwe aseYurophu, baye benza umba ekuvuseleleni izithethe zakudala yokusela iti Russian ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa willow-imifuno, kubalulekile ukuya kwindawo lwezoqoqosho nopolitiko umbono.

Ngenxa ukungxamiseka mba, kuphando lwabo, siye sagqiba ukuba ziqhube uphando lokujongisisa lokuthelekisa iipropati organoleptic kunye chemical willow-imifuno, kunye neti odidi Indiya, ukutyhila izicwangciso zabo ezifanayo kunye eyahlukileyo.

Injongo: Ukuze ubone nangokobungakanani okuqulethwe ascorbic asidi zeesampulu leti iqala.

Iinjongo lomsebenzi:

• ukuhlola iimpawu organoleptic zeesampulu esithathwe nokungcamlwa;
• uhlalutyo lwamanani isiqulatho ivithamin C kwi iisampuli yi titration.

Isihloko uphando: Umxholo ubungakanani ivithamin C kwi zeesampulu leti yokuqala.

Injongo yokufunda: willow-imifuno kunye neti zakudala Indian.

iindlela:

• ngokutsha iincwadi;
• iodometry (analysis titrimetric);
• Uhlalutyo lwamanani lweziphumo.

Hypothesis: Umxholo ubungakanani ascorbic acid kunye organoleptic Indian tea classic obuphantsi kakhulu willow-iti.

Elilandelayo inkcazo ngokubaluleka ascorbic acid kukhethiwe Indlela zokwenza nokuhlola.

Emva kokugqitywa kwesifundo wambumba izigqibo malunga ukufaneleka kunye nokwenzeka willow-imifuno njengendlela eyenye leti zakudala emnyama.

isiphelo

technology Design iye yaba yinxalenye yemfundo mihla. Zisetyenziswa kuphela kwimfundo yamabanga aphezulu, kodwa epriskuli.

Ukuze zonke wesikolo Russian baba nethuba lokubonisa izakhono zabo zobugcisa, ukufumana izakhono ezitsha, kufuneka inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yoyilo kunye nophando. Ukuze uhlobo projekthi akadalwanga oko, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kufuneka kakuhle ukhethe isifundo zakhe, wabeka njongo zesifundo, wachaza ngxaki, hypothesis. Naxa kunjalo xa umsebenzi iya wawancamisa ekuhleni okanye kuqinisekiswe ngokuyinxenye, oku kunciphisa ukufaneleka kunye nokubaluleka projekthi wadala. Kwixa elizayo uya kwazisa nemigangatho wootitshala Russian. Enye izinto kulo iza ekuqhubeni uphando kunye nabafundi, kwakunye inxaxheba isizukulwana esitsha kumsebenzi iprojekthi.