Inqanawa "Olimpiki": ibali. "Olimpiki," Titanic, "" Britannicus "- ethwala Intambo

Inqanawa "Olimpiki" kuye kwabakho iimbalasane ezininzi. Ngexesha nokuyiphehlelela yaba inqanawa leyo ithathwa njenge nto elitsha yehlabathi. udumo lwakhe kuncipha phambi "Titanic", ebinezinto isakhiwo esifanayo ibonakele kwiminyaka emibini kamva, kodwa antywiliselwe kuhambo wayo wokuqala.

Imikhumbi Class "Olimpiki"

Kukho zasisithethe imikhumbi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, igama elinikiweyo kuye enqanaweni, kwaye iiprojekthi ukuba bathi kuwo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abantu abaqhelekileyo kaninzi babhidanisa inqanawa "Olimpiki" kwiklasi efanayo Imikhumbi yolwandle.

zintathu apho. Eyokuqala yaba "Olimpiki", yakhiwa ngo-1910. Eyesibini yaba "Titanic", nto leyo eyaba ihlabathi odumileyo emva kokuwa kwakhe.

Inqanawa yokugqibela yale klasi igama "Britannic". Wabonakala phezu olwandulela leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi yaye ngoko nangoko waqalisa ukwenza imisebenzi emkhosini, kuquka ezithutha amajoni owenzakeleyo. Emva moya ezintlanu ngempumelelo iye phantsi yi kumgodi waseJamani ngo-1916.

ushishino imikhumbi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX

Ngexesha le minyaka, imikhumbi eluntwini kumazwe aseYurophu asebenza kakhulu kukuba kokoyisa iirekhodi ezintsha isantya, kunye neendlela Amazing eligangathiweyo ukuba ufikelelo kwimimandla ekwanti. Atlantic Ocean iye lubaluleke ngakumbi kunanini na nje indlela, njengoko kukho ingami izitya ukusuka fast olukhula United States ukuya eYurophu umva. Ithuthwa imithwalo ezibalulekileyo kunye nenani elikhulu zamanene. Olunye uphawu ebalulekileyo ixesha - yokwanda usukuzwano phakathi amagunya ihlabathi phezu olwandulela leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

inkampani yokuthumela British White Star Line ukuba uhlanga kulahlekileyo. kontanga yayo iphambili le amaJamani kunye nezinye kumenzi IsiNgesi - Cunard Line. Le yokugqibela waba yinkokheli candelo ukususela zalapho yayo kulwandle weza nqanawa ezimbini ezintsha isizukulwana - ". Lusitania" "Mauritania" yaye Ayehlukile nje elikhulu ubukhulu, kodwa iimpawu Fleet. "Lusitania" ngo-1907 waqhekeza irekhodi isantya esemanzini Atlantic, eziseleyo zingafikeleleki ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 nokuba.

Kungenxa yoku, eli tycoon Dzhon Morgan, ngubani umnini-White Star Line, wagqiba ukudlula olukhuphiswano bayimisa iinjineli bakhe umsebenzi wokudala into enkulu ngokwenene. Kule projekthi inqanawa "Olimpiki" kunye ezimbini 'umzalwana' wakhe.

iimpawu

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinqanawa, iinqanawa ezintsha eyahlukileyo ezinkulu kakhulu. yeetoni yabo bugqithe yeetoni ofanayo 'Mauritania "kwisiqingatha. Le milinganiselo abavumelekanga ukuba irekhodi isantya, injini ebiya nisebenze izixhobo ezininzi kakhulu.

Kunoko, kwavunyelwana ukuba ophambili isitya esitsha iya kuba iziyolo zayo yabengezela. Enye inzuzo iphephile. Le abayili babesithi umbulelo iinqanawa ezintsha yayingenakuzika ukuba inkqubo namacandelo eziliqela. Ukuba olu lwaphulo luya kuba izindlu, ngomkhukula kuphela inxalenye encinane yale nqanawa ukuba kuya kusinceda sihlale kuyo lezimali.

Loo ukuzithemba yaba yintlekele. Ukuba i "Olimpiki" ngokwenene wayefumene izinto ezininzi moya, "Titanic" - iisimboli inqanawa - wafa uhambo lwakhe wokuqala.

Injini New isebenza phezu boilers, kwaye umthamo walo amawaka 50 enjini. Isitya eziqulathwe 2435 abakhweli bakhonza oogxa bakhe abantu 860. Ubude waba 269 m, ububanzi - iimitha-18. nangoko Ezi amanani crazy kwatsala ingqalelo-ndaba kunye noluntu kwiprojekthi entsha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amazibuko endala abakakulungeli ukwamkela izitya elikhulu enjalo, ngenxa yoko kwafuneka ukuba aphinde ayakhe pier apho yabaleka le ndlela "Olimpiki".

indawo wesampula kwangaphakathi zaye zohlulwa iiklasi ezintathu, kuxhomekeke yokuhlawula amatyala abakhweli. ayenechaphothi Special igumbi lokutyela ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo esele yenzelwe abantu abangaphezu kwama-500 kwaye na igumbi ngobukhulu yenqanawa ehlabathini. ngaphakathi kwiklasi yokuqala zenziwa indlela mihla siphila kuyo.

Isiqalo

Lo moya yokuqala nqanawa owaxhina ukusuka British Southampton ukuya Cherbourg, eFransi, owayese-eNormandy. Ukusuka apho umkhombe nangoko waya eNew York. Ekubeni ukuqubha ubukhulu becala wazala umlinganiswa kuvavanyo, abaqhubi wahlola ukuthembeka kunye ukusebenziseka neepani ezininzi ezintsha, yaphunyezwa ngomhla enqanaweni. Ngokusekelwe kulo msebenzi, abayili baye benza iinguqu ezithile kule projekthi elilandelayo isixhobo ebizwa ngokuba "Titanic."

Kwiminyaka yokuqala yokusebenza kwenzeka ezininzi ngeziganeko, leyo, Noko ke, ababengengabo eziluhlobo ebulalayo ukuba "Olimpiki". baziwa Wide wafumana ingozi Cruiser nqanawa "Hawk". Nangona isiganeko akukho namnye wabulawa kwetyala, yaqala, inxaxheba ihlanganiswa kumaphephandaba.

Isizathu soku kukuba i "Hawk" ongowakhe ukuya kwizithuthi zikarhulumente. White Star Line icala impazamo Cruiser crew, kodwa inkundla yagweba ngecala le iqela elikhuselayo. Ukongeza, umthetheli "Olimpiki" Smith wafunyanwa enetyala engalunganga-yokwenza, kwaye inkampani lathembisa ukuba ahlawule imbuyekezo kumnini.

Emva kokuba ngokuwa "Titanic"

Ukuba ukusebenza "Olimpiki" kwakunjalo yimpumelelo, udidi inqanawa yesibini iphele ngo-moya yokuqala. igama White Star Line kaThixo babuphakathi kwenyama nozipho. Ukuze ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko yezothutho loluntu, inkampani yaqala kwakhona kuxhotyiswe wesampula yayo.

Ukongeza, eli qela waqalisa ugwayimbo. Oku kungenxa yokuba akukho mntu wayefuna ukuba kudlulwe kwi enqanaweni, baxhotyiswa izikhitshana efanayo ezibe kwi "Titanic". Oko wamiswa kakuhle busuku kwi North Atlantic.

Izikhephe ziye indawo. Ukongeza, nabayili ziye zaphuculwa isitya yokutrima. Konyaka emva kokuwa "Olimpiki" yokomfuziselo babuyela US.

The First World War

Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa "Olimpiki" njengesitya traffic kuthuthwa ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Emva kweminyaka nje embalwa kwembambano yaqala kunye amaJamani, kwaye urhulumente waseBritani irikhwizishini nqanawa ukuze enze imiyalelo emkhosini.

Inqanawa wakhonza lweMeditera iye ifakwe zokudubula efanelekileyo. Ukuzifihla ukuba ukukhusela isikhephe ngwenya German. Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa "Olimpiki" wakwazi ukuba asinde imfazwe, lithwele wabangxwelerhiweyo ngempumelelo ezibhedlele. Oku ingqalelo ummangaliso, ingakumbi sizoku lwisana iwele "Britannica" kunye nokufa umkhweli, "Lusitania."

End of operation

Emva kwemfazwe, inqanawa leyo kwakhona yoluntu. Kwiminyaka 30 inqanawa "Olimpiki" sele ingqalelo isitya ubuchwepheshe wawungasasebenzi. Ngoko ke, nayo kokunduluka kwacaca ukuba kungekudala iza kubhalwa ngenxa ezilahliweyo. Emva koko inkampani umnini kwesele Cunard Line.

indiza yakhe yokugqibela "Olimpiki" wenza kwindlela eqhelekileyo - ukusuka Southampton eNew York. Yaba 257 giant zokuhamba. Nantoni na uthi, waba intywenka. Imbali ye sikhephe ixesha elide ngaphezu koko wabafana wayo - i nechibi "Titanic" yaye "Britannicus" ndanyathe- emgodini.

Ngomhla elandulela ukhetha ugqabazoQXml zefanitshala scrap yenkcenkce ezingontsini kunye iiholo, njengendawo ingakumbi onexabiso yayithengiswa Abathengiswa ezahlukeneyo ezabelwe ukunyusa.

Ukuthelekisa with "Titanic"

Olu thelekiso icebisa ngokwayo. Abantu badla ukubuza malunga "Olimpiki" (inqanawa): "Kwenzeka ntoni kuye?". efana nje "Titanic".

Mhlawumbi kakhulu ukwazi, isibakala ukuba eyimfihlakalo okukuthelekisa ukuba Edward Smith, ngubani umphathi ngokukrakra nechibi "Titanic", phambi kokuba uyalelwa "Olimpiki". Kodwa emva koko watshintshelwa kwenye nqanawa Intambo. Njengelona lungu abanamava abasebenzi nkampani. Kukholelwa ukuba wazibulala xa wabona ukuba inqanawa enkulu yaqalisa ukuba Nditshonile ngesiphoso sakhe. "Olimpiki" yaye "Titanic" ayikho ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ngembonakalo. Umhlaba ezibalulekileyo kuphela apho kwaba lula ukuqonda ukuba ngubani na lowo, eli kumgangatho A. "Titanic" yaye ogciniweyo kule ndawo, ngoxa "Olimik" kwavuleka.

Kwakukho umahluko ezincinane kwizakhiwo ukusasazwa. Ezifana "Titanic" - emkhombeni a cafe kwi kumgangatho wesibini. I 'Olimpiki "onjalo iziko kule ndawo wayengekho.