"Kule zikude - kumgama" (Twardowski): isishwankathelo. Aleksandr Tvardovsky, umbongo

Lo mbongo "In kude - Distance" libhalwe emva kwemfazwe, umbhali wayo - ngumbhali obalaseleyo, sombutho kunye nabantu nje lingenandaba ye iLizwe loobawo. impilo yakhe mfutshane olunameva. Ngokwenza lo msebenzi, akazange nanceba ngokwakhe, ngoku- neyokudinga sentlalo phandle ephepheni le ntlekele zemfazwe.

A bit malunga nombhali

Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky wazalwa ngo-1910 kummandla ESmolensk. Uyise uzuzele eliphilileyo ngokuba mkhandi, ngokufuthi zicwangciswe ngokuhlwa ukufunda imisebenzi neembongi emikhulu: Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov kunye nabanye. Yaba umfutho lokuqala isigqibo kuphuhliso umdali boncwadi. Umama Aleksandra Trifonovicha wayezikhathalele gqitha nokunyamekela ngayo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo okhankanywe nemibongo yakhe kunye namanqaku. Imbongi waphumelela zokufundisa University kunye Institute of History, Philosophy, Uncwadi eMoscow (MILF). umbongo yokuqala Twardowski bukaThixo ebhaliwe kwabaNtwana abasaKhulayo. Ebudeni bemfazwe waba phakathi amajoni ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni ukuze aphumelele edabini kunye fascists waseJamani. Yintoni eye kwanikezelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo imiyalelo kunye neembasa. Imfazwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo yachukumisa umphefumlo wembongi, akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele, ukufunda umbongo ubuncinane enye Twardowski. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Tvardovsky waye umhleli oyintloko phephancwadi boncwadi "Yehlabathi Elitsha", isithuba ukusuka elide zakhe ezama iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukususa. Tvardovsky akazange azanyazanyiswe de kufike ixesha hayi wadubula amasekela akhe, esikhundleni sokuba iintshaba. Emva kokushiya iphephancwadi Tvardovsky kuhlala kweli lizwe kunye bububi elidlulileyo, waza wagqiba ukuba ukujikeleza unina-kwilizwe. Imbongi ezinkulu zahlala ixesha elifutshane, eshiya inkumbulo abafundi kunye kwabanye uphawu negalelo. Twardowski wafa ngo-1971.

"Kule zikude - kumgama" (Twardowski): Isishwankathelo

Wobuciko na uhlobo ombambazelayo yokubhala kunye nokujikeleza enkulukazi. It iqulethe izahluko 15 gingxi kotshintsho ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Kwempefumlelo kuba lo mbongo ibe luhambo oluya eRashiya, ebandakanya eSiberia, Urals, Far East. Lo mbongo into ngokuphila ngokwendalo, kukho neempikiswano kunye nenkcazelo kwinkangeleko kwilizwe. Kwenye ethe umbhali lidibana umhlobo wakhe ubuntwana, ngubani uyazinikezela omnye izahluko zale mbongo. Ngokufutshane, isiseko isebenza - ukucinga, inkumbulo kunye nenkcazelo yeendidi window buyo.

"Kule zikude - kumgama" (Twardowski): imbali yendalo

Isizathu sokuba nokudalwa umsebenzi waba yimbangi Care le magazini "Yehlabathi Elitsha" kwaye nengcwaba, ezaviwayo ngexesha iziganeko imfazwe. I wabhala umbongo iminyaka elishumi elide "Kuba zikude - umgama" Twardowski. Ushwankathe- ezandulela ichaze izizathu indalo yayo. amathandabuzo imbongi kunye neenkumbulo ekrakra bagqiba ukuya kwi uhambo eRashiya, ukuqala i Urals, ngoko eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude. Zonke ezi mvakalelo ukuba zihambe kwaye wenze idayari walathisa "Kuba zikude - umgama". Komnye uhambo lwakhe Twardowski wadibana nomhlobo ozinikezele ukuya kwenye amacandelo mbongo. Kwakhona, musa ukulibala ukukhankanya umbhali ezweni lokuzalwa kwakhe. Emva kokukhululwa lwemveliso sele ube yinkokeli phakathi lwemibongo lwanamhlanje. Noko ke, ukugxeka ethile kunye nengxoxo, ukuba abasinikwa.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga izahluko mbongo

Intshayelelo kunye Isahluko sokuqala sichaza iinjongo ngumbhali zokuhamba. Ukuqiqa evela window emotweni phezu babeziindleko nolangazelelo ngaphambi iziganeko ezizayo ukuba erhangqwe nesimo sengqondo lombhali. Wathi ndacela indlela kubantu eMoscow, uTshawe ombambazelayo ngovuyo ilindele into kule hambo. Intloko "Indlela" ibonisa yombhali mood nomnqweno amava amatsha unexplored iindawo kwilizwe. Nwabela zonke iqabane entsha indlela ngaphandle window uAleksandr Tvardovsky. "Kule zikude - Distance" ngu sahluko sichaza indlela yokuya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelo lizwe.

Ngaphezu koko, umbhali uchaza iVolga omkhulu, esithi: "Zisixhenxe amawaka imilambo". Ubhala iVolga River njengoko ikuyo apho "wayekhangele isiqingatha-Russian." Zonke nixhamle undisguised kuqwalaselwa koMlambo, nokuba alibale kunokuba baqeshwe. Ubiza umama wakhe, imbongi linqwenela ukudlulisela ubungangamsha kunye nobuhle iVolga. Ngokwenene ehamba inxalenye enkulu ilizwe Russian Wawuzalisa namachibi amaninzi.

Intloko "Eziko ezimbini" ubonisa iinkumbulo umbhali yobutsha bakhe Zagorje, apho wakhulela shop mkhandi kayise, azivelele ukuya Urals. Eziko ezimbini njenge uyise reflection abam- entsatsheni kunye Urals-getter, mkhandi sonke isizwe. Kulo mbongo, umbhali ubiza umbingeleli phambene ukuba nayo othetha ezixhasayo bakhe ukuba sichwayite ahloniphe ezisemaphandleni Russian.

Uthelekiso i "imigama emibini"

Xa "ezimbini wanika" umbhali uthi ntle ukuya Urals kunye eSiberia yamkela ukuchaza ubuhle bayo yonke into ufumana yakhe entsimini mbono. Unombono omnye usabukele dalyu yesibini ngaxeshanye ichwa- yitile belusizi. Imbongi wayifaka kwesi sahluko kunye nentsingiselo enzulu, mandulo kunye langoku alo ilizwe: kwiimbandezelo emfazwe, ebuhlungu kunye novuyo izakhiwo ezitsha, umsebenzi oludlamkileyo, ukubuyiselwa ngamandla. Kodwa memory uba intlungu kwenye imo ngokupheleleyo, into ebhalwe ngokwaneleyo ngokweemvakalelo Twardowski.

ulutsha nganye njenge intlokoma elidlulileyo

Poem Tvardovsky "Kuba zikude - umgama" izele iingcinga inemibala kwaye yenyama. Kwisahluko ngasinye, umbhali uqhuba ingxoxo kunye nomfundi, okongeza liveliness kwesicatshulwa. Xa "incoko yoncwadi," uthi malunga abahambi bakhe nabo, nto leyo esele ekhwela ngomhla wesithathu; kukho ezinkulu, kwaye sibini uselula, yaye eli bhinqa liselula likulo yeepijama zakhe. Ngaphandle ukulahlekelwa emehlweni iimpawu zangaphandle nganye kuzo kongeza conjectures zabo kunye nokucingela malunga nezenzo zabo elizayo. Kananjalo apha kukho ingxoxo kunye nomfundi.

Ebudeni hambo, Tvardovsky idibana umhlobo wakhe omdala, kunye nabo wambhinqisa incoko. Ke ukukhumbula ebuntwaneni neenkomo kudla kunye, wadubula imililo kwisikolo ehlathini kunye Young Communist League. Maqabane ulutsha, owayesele azabonakala iminyaka 17, kufuneka imizuzu emihlanu ukuba uthethe kwisikhululo "Taishet." Nge mad buhlungu ukuba ahlukane abahlobo. Le ntlanganiso kushiya ngokundibamba elilusizi umphefumlo yombhali.

Iingceba inkumbulo zemfazwe

yonke Uhambo ihlala iintsuku ezilishumi kuquka imbali leminyaka abantu kunye nenkcazelo elikhulu-isikali kummandla Russia. Naku cool Urals yamandla kunye eSiberia - i "ukutya zesityalo namandla", kunye East Far. mathuba Historical emkhosini zichazwe kwi "ngaphambili nangesemva". iingcinga yokudlala nemifanekiso umbongo "In kude - kumgama" (Twardowski), isishwankathelo leyo kakhulu voluminous, nangenxa umsebenzi ngokwalo unentsingiselo enzulu nexesha elide zokubhala, sidibanisa elidlulileyo kwaye langoku ubomi babantu.

Awasabela ngayo umsebenzi, njengento yokugqibela, Wozibeka zonke ezo ngokwakhe ukubhala umbongo "Xa zikude - umgama" Twardowski. Isishwankathelo nkqu iqhezu encinane zonke ngamakhubalo kunye ubuqili imveliso ayiqulathanga ngokwakho. Funda isicatshulwa ubuncinane omnye, lo umfundi ithuthwa emva nzulu kunye iinkumbulo yombhali. Kwizahluko zokugqibela uhambo emva eMoscow kwi umbhali sheet ubulisa isiphetho linyathelo enje ebomini bakhe.

Intsingiselo enzulu imigama ukusebenza

Uhlalutyo wombongo Tvardovsky "Kuba zikude - umgama" - ibali malunga Amazing izakhono iinkcazelo lwamahlathi neentlambo, imilambo namachibi ze esaphuma enkulu, malunga nobomi kunye iinkumbulo umbhali, amaqhekeza zemfazwe ethathwe ukusuka kwimemori wembongi. Kodwa ke kubaluleke ngakumbi umongo wempangelo yomsebenzi uthelekiso amaxesha, intlungu kunye novuyo, kunye nolwazi abemi ixesha ukuza kwinkulungwane entsha. Umbhali, ngokungathi ebomini bakhe bonke ababethwele iinkumbulo kunye ngokuvana kumbongo lwabo ombambazelayo-luzayo "In kude - umgama," wongeza ububanzi kunye namandla ubuhle. Kwaye ngoko ke waba wobugcisa yemibongo Russian kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.