Kwantung nempi

Emva kokulahlekelwa kweMfazwe Russian-Japanese (1904-05.), Lo mlawuli e-Japan Portsmunskomu ihlabathi wenze loo zokusiwa ngokomyalelo kummandla Kwantung (of Liaodong Peninsula). Kule ndawo, wavumela ukuba inani elithile mkhosi.

Bakha Kwantung Army negalelo ekomelezeni yempembelelo Japanese e-China. Ngo-1931 waqalisa sikhona ngokuhlanganisa lo mkhosi. Eyokuqala landa inani lamajoni.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Kwantung Army kwaba iqela zomkhosi kakhulu ozukileyo eJapan. Inkonzo kwezi imikhosi siqinisekiso ukukhuthazwa leri omsebenzi. Kwantung Army ngelo xesha kwakukho uhlobo babangenagama ukuba imikhosi emhlabeni uqeqesho.

Urhulumente Japanese iye izame ukuphawula ngokukhawuleza isicwangciso ukwakhiwa kummandla naseManchuria ezahlukeneyo izibonelelo ngobuchule ebalulekileyo. Ekupheleni ihlobo 1945 yayakhiwe iziza ezine indiza kunye zokuchopha, iindlela ngamashumi amabini anamabini amawaka, anamawaka asixhenxe nesiqingatha iwaka noololiwe. Ukongeza, enqabeni kwasekwa ukulungiselela amaqela asixhenxe (malunga elinye kunye namajoni nesiqingatha sesigidi), iindawo zokugcina ukutya lusekiwe, iimbumbulu, nezinye izinto. Konke oku kuvumela ixesha elifutshane ukuze ngokwandisa elizeleyo isikali inyathelo emkhosini xa kuyimfuneko.

Ngenxa yokuba Japan i abachasi bakhe iphambili bakholwa eSoviet Union, elinesixhenxe indawo enqatyisiweyo wadalwa phezu komda kunye USSR. Ubude lilonke kwezi ndawo yaba malunga ezisibhozo neekhilomitha. Ngokutsho kweengcali, i Kwantung Army akwazi ukusebenzisa ezi ndawo enqatyisiweyo, hayi kuphela ukhuseleko kodwa amanyathelo ekhubekisayo.

Emva kokuba ukusilela kwisenzo yombutho Hanhin Gol kunye Lake Khasan ngo-1938-39. onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko mani athathiweyo Japan okuthintela ungquzulwano kunye nommelwane wayo wasentla. Ngelo xesha ngokubonakalayo waqhubeka uqeqesho amajoni emfazweni nxamnye eSoviet Union. Ngokuyalelwa Kwantung Army iphuhlise isicwangciso ukuba ahlasele eSoviet Union, owamkelwa yi umlawuli Japan ngo-1940. Nangona kunjalo, kwi ezayo, ngo-1941, yena yamkele isicwangciso for "Kontokuen" (ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ayehlasela yiSoviet Union amajoni German).

Isiphumo Idabi Stalingrad kwanyanzeleka ukuba Japanese lokwala ukwenza iphulo nxamnye eSoviet Union. Apha, i Kwantung Army aye ohlulwa ezimbalwa. Ngu ukuwa-1943, inxalenye intle majoni athunyelwe ngasezantsi. Kunyaka olandelayo, ukwakhiwa yomkhosi babamba kunye nomkhosi nganye kunye nomkhosi nganye zokudubula kunye nomkhosi butho. Xa ihlobo ka-1945 e-Japan kunye China batshintshelwa inani elikhulu lamatanki, ukulwa yinjineli, iiyunithi zokudubula. Wemvula lamabutho olwenziwa ngeendleko kwabemi Japanese (kwimpahla endala kwaye kufunyanwe abanye abantu). iyantlukwano ezintsha Noko ke, walibumba ezintandathu azikhange zikwazi ukubuyisela inxalenye bambamba. Ukongeza, abasebenzi abatsha, xa iyonke, ubengayilungiselelanga inyathelo emkhosini, kwaye ixesha lokuba bafunde ukwenza.

Ekupheleni kwehlobo ka-1945 eSoviet Union waqalisa imfazwe kunye Japan. Kwanele baqeqeshwe kakuhle yaye amajoni mobile eSoviet Army ngokukhawuleza baboyisa kweelana iinxalenye saa. Ukungabikho moya kunye namatanki bavunyelwe ukuba bangene kummandla naseManchuria phantse kuziphi, elibonelela lahluleka ngakumbi Kwantung Army.

Njengenxalenye yale babemise malunga 900 lamawaka amajoni. Ngoko phantse isiqingatha sabo iinxalenye abangabancedani emkhosini (zobunjineli, zibonakaliswe, isentimitha, ezinamatheleneyo okanye enye). kwamasoldati, yokuba angaba 90 inkulungwane yafa ekulweni, malunga 15,000 wafa kwizifo kunye amanxeba, umthamo omncinane iyona.