Kwemfazwe yesibini in Chechnya

Igama elisemthethweni zemfazwe Chechen yesibini - intsebenziswano anti-abanqolobi. Kwemfazwe Chechnya wasebenzisa kwimimandla umda North eCaucasus kunye Chechnya. Ukuqala yale mfazwe kucingwa ukuba unyaka 30.09.1999. Ngaloo mini, amajoni Russian bangena kummandla Chechnya. izenzo Active kule ndawo kwaqhubeka de 2000, yaye emva koko waya kwisigaba impixano zezenzi, nto leyo yaphela unanamhla. mode nokusebenza kontroterroristicheskoy irhoxisiwe ngo-2009.

Emva kokuba imikhosi 1996 Russian zaye sirhoxisiwe kwi Chechnya, uxolo nenzolo beze kweli lizwe. Nemigulukudu ekutyebeni, abducting abantu ukukuhlawulela, ngokunjalo inzuzo ukubiwa oli ekrwada, ukuveliswa iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo, ngomgunyathi, Iraq kunye nokuhlasela exhobileyo. uqeqesho mass abagrogrisi, amaSilamsi athunyelwe ku Chechnya. mercenaries Arab destabilized ngamandla imeko kwiingingqi Chechnya eselumelwaneni, wawaneka iingcinga separatism.

March 1999 kwaphawulwa inengeniso kunokuxhwilwa ngu abagrogrisi sithunywa Ministry of Internal Affairs Gennady Shpigun. Saqiniswa inyathelo nxamnye namaqela olwaphulo-mthetho, kwi-North Caucasus bathunyelwa neengcali kakhulu ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho yobuhlanga. Chechnya yaba kwafa lwezoqoqosho, lo yeMali eNgenayo nePhumayo Russia waphantse loma. La manyathelo ezenza ubomi bube nzima mthetho. Ukuhambisa iziyobisi kunye nezixhobo ngapha komda kwaba nzima kakhulu. Ngu ngehlobo lika-1999 umda waba zone ubumfazwe. Kwemfazwe Chechnya waya ibonakale.

Kungekudala iinzame ukufaka amajoni enkampini ekumda kweChechnya Dagestan. Ukuphendula, le ntaka Russian yahlaselwa abanqolobi Khattab izikhundla kunye imijukujelwa. Ku koko wazisa isigqibo ugwayimbo ezinkulu preemptive. abavukeli Chechen sasilungiselela nokuhlaselwa Dagestan. Banyulwa kwiindawo zabo weentaba ekujoliswe, ngokusekelwe yezizathu ukuba le ndawo ingaphantsi imikhosi federal, yaye ngokukhawuleza redeploy imikhosi ayiyi kuphumelela ngenxa nokungafumaneki kule ndawo. Dagestan kummandla we-silwe Kadar wayenethemba kuhlasela amajoni federal ngasemva.

Abaphandi bathi ukuba imfazwe e Chechnya iye Akwalinganiselwa abantu abaninzi. Okokuqala, lo Islamic ababefuna ukusasaza iimbono zabo kulo ihlabathi, yaye okwesibini - ookumkani zemali ze nePersian Gulf.

August 7 namabutho kakhulu ahlasela Dagestan. Umsebenzi eyayikhokelwa Shamil Basayev nanceba Arabhu Khattab. Izigelekeqe Kuyathenjwa ukuba abantu Dagestan kuya kwenza ukuba kwicala labo, kodwa engalunganga. Inani labemi ehlasele mlilo ukunganyangeki yonikezelo. ubunkokheli Ichkeria ngentsebenziswano kunye nabasemagunyeni Russian ligqibe ekubeni lenze umsebenzi federal nxamnye Islamists wangena e Dagestan. Maskhadov ningabagwebanga ukuhlasela, kodwa inyathelo wokwenene elingazange lithathwe.

Le nokulwa malunga inyanga. Ngenxa yoko, izenzo abanobuchule oophuma-silwe lihambe liye Chechnya. Ngeli xesha, inani lemizi Russian, kwakukho into embi: kokuhlaselwa ngabanqolobi - ukuhlasela iibhloko yokuhlala.

Ukuthatyathwa ukungakwazi Maskhadov ukuba athathe ukulawula imeko Chechnya, urhulumente Russian lenze isigqibo sokuba aqhube usebenze kanzima Injongo lwayo ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo abanqolobi. Septemba 23 waqala omkhulu bombardment of Grozny. yaqala Imfazwe sesibini Chechnya.

amabutho Russian baphula mlilo ukumelana ngempumelelo. Amadela zobuqili batsalwa kwi minefields ehlasela angasemva. Ubunkokheli wenze ubhejo kwi abazingeli elite ecaleni lakhe. Ngoko ke, Akhmad Kadyrov, a obuzimele owayesakuba eyaba yintloko Chechen Republic kunye Grand Mufti. Kwemfazwe Chechnya kuye kwanyanzeleka namabutho ukuzoba uluvo amaqela imvelaphi non-Chechen. Ngo-2005, oko yatshatyalaliswa likhetha ezinkulu ezifana Khattab kunye Maskhadov. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzulu imisebenzi lemigewu axhobileyo liye lehla kakhulu. Imfazwe e Chechnya, ilahleko enkulu iRashiya, ukwahlukana ephikisayo unanamhla. Abaninzi Singayigxeka izenzo abasemagunyeni, umntu - lisekela. Noko ke, kwiminyaka elandelayo, kubekho akukho abagrogrisi enkulu eRashiya. Imfazwe yesibini e Chechnya ukuba buthathaka kakhulu-silwe.