Life ukuvalelwa ongaphathiswanga koko amatyala?

kuba kulwaphulo mithetho uya kohlwaywa. Le nkqubo, oko kukuthi, ubukhulu kunye nobunjani isohlwayo, ulawula yoLwaphulo Code of the Russian Federation.

uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho

Xa umthetho lolwaphulo-mthetho, kukho ezininzi iintlobo zolwaphulo-mthetho, uhlobo yokuhlelwa, njengako apho kwaye kwasekwa isohlwayo wobubi:

1. A encinane womxhuzulane - isenzo apho ixesha eyabelwe angekho ngaphezulu kwe emibini iminyaka kulawulo loluleko.

2. Phakathi - ngesenzo solwaphulo apho amisele akukho ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu koloni.

3. ukuphululwa - izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho apho le Code Criminal ubonelela amanyathelo njengokuba kwiziko oluleko ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiminyaka elishumi.

4. ezinkulu Ingakumbi - omenzelayo kwimveliso apho isohlwayo uya kuwiswa isithuba seminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu, kuquka ukuvalelwa ukuya ukufa bendalo ephilayo zebhayoloji okanye nokuswela ngokucinezela ebomini.

Amacala kakhulu

Ngako oko, ngenxa yokuba ezi ndidi zilandelayo zolwaphulo-mthetho, kokuba kuqwalaselwe ukuba isigwebo ubomi ayikho wabelwa kwi "ukukhanya". Ngokubanzi, imilinganiselo efana iya isicelo ulwaphulo-mthetho kakhulu kakhulu kwaye iyingozi. Ezi ziquka abo ikhomishini leyo uphazamisa kakhulu amalungelo nenkululeko abemi ngabanye, kuluntu lonke okanye ubudlelwane karhulumente kunye interstate.

Zonke izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho le hlobo ezenziwa ngokwentlalo yingozi okanye ngendlela efanayo. Kule meko, isenzo esinjalo zingenzeka zombini ngexesha ukuziphatha kulwaphulo-mthetho, yaye ngenxa yoko le isenzo uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Uluhlu amanqaku ubomi entolongweni

Imeko lolwaphulo-mthetho, njengoko umthetho, ubume ekhethekileyo ulwaphulo eboniswe amanqaku inxalenye yokugqibela.

Ngokutsho CC RF, izenzo ezinjalo oku kubangelwe inxalenye amanqaku 2-5 (kuxhomekeke kwindawo) kwezi zikhundla zilandelayo: 105, 111, 126, 127, 131, 132, 134, 135, 161-163, kunye nabanye. Le nombolo 7 uluhlu ezisisigxina imiyalelo ezikhethekileyo Ofisi General yoMtshutshisi ukususela ngowama-2014.

Ukongeza, kukho kwakhona uluhlu lwezinto apho ukuqaphela amatyala ingakumbi ezinkulu kuxhomekeke xa kuvulwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ngokukodwa, ukuba inkqubo iye yasekwa ngo-2014, zijongwa kuyingozi kakhulu phantsi: 205,3, iSahlulo 1 Art .. 208 h. 1 tbsp. 212 of the Code Criminal.

izimo

Xa wayewisa isigwebo ijaji pha ngumthetho ukuze benze izigqibo ezinjalo, sikhokelwa kuphela ukwakhiwa loo mthetho; kodwa ubukho (okanye ukungabikho) zokunciphisa okanye inkunzi. Kukho, umzekelo, ezinjalo iimeko ukuba ngokwabo afakwe kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Ukuba ezo zinto iza kucaciswa, abakwazi ukuba ngakumbi kuqwalaselwa nesigqibo nokugwetywa.

Ngenxa yoko, ziphawulwe ngokuthi izinto ingakumbi nzima ubomi entolongweni ayiyi kusebenza ukuba eneneni kukho ubungqina bokuba ukunciphisa ityala umtyholwa.

Ngubani na ningasayi kusingelwa phantsi ubomi?

Kungakhathaliseki nokuba, phantsi apho Inqaku enze isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho kokona kakhulu, ubomi entolongweni ingenakusetyenziswa kulophulo ukuba abemi angekayazi ndineminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, kunye nabafazi. Kwakhona, ubomi ukuvalelwa ongaphathiswanga amadoda ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala omdala ngokwaneleyo. Yintoni le ubudala? Yena uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

Ngokutsho nqaku 56 soMthetho i-Criminal Code amanyathelo elisisinyanzelo luthintelo inkululeko, kuquka olu didi abantu abasenokuba iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini. Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ngenxa yeziphoso ezininzi - ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-30 izivakalisi oluqhelekileyo - akukho iminyaka engaphezu kwama-35.

neminye imiqathango

Kuxhomekeke kwezinye izinto, ubukho apho kwezinye iimeko akuxhomekekanga entolongweni mthetho ebomini kwaye wabelwa:

--mthetho phakathi kohlobo ezimbi kakhulu ukuba ayikagqitywa;

- ukuba ngelithi sesibuye isigwebo zokubonisa;

- ukuba okuqokelelwe-kwetyala wenza isivumelwano sentsebenziswano a.

ngummiselo ukulinganiselwa

Kuba umthetho ngalinye mthetho, ukongeza yokuhlelwa ezisisiseko, sebenzisa ummiselo ukulinganiselwa. amatyala ingakumbi engcwabeni banikwa ithuba leminyaka 15. ixesha Imida kubalwa ukususela kwixesha le-mthetho, kodwa ke ngelo xesha, xa, umzekelo, ukufihla ummangalelwa, eli xesha uya ziya kunqunyanyiswa.

Ukongeza, ukuba ngaba inkundla uwuhlangule sinqumo sayo, kodwa ayizange kuthwalelwa phandle, kakhulu, kukho ixesha nciphiso - iminyaka eli-15 isigwebo ngamatyala ezizodwa kwaye iyingozi, kunye nobomi ukuvalelwa ongaphathiswanga (kwakunye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lesohlwayo).

Renewal imigaqo kulo mzekelo, zingenzeka ngokokubona kwenkundla, njengoko kuchasene kwimicimbi yoluntu okanye iingxoxo malunga namatyala ngaphantsi kakhulu.

Oku kuchazwe yi kukuba, ngenxa kwexesha senzo ngeke esaba ingozi zentlalo okanye lobuqu, njengoko kwakunjalo ngqo owayeze, okanye ukutshintsha umthetho ngokwawo, engaquki ukunika ukuba isohlwayo esiqatha kangaka ngenxa yeso senzo.

izinto ezongezelelweyo

Ukongezelela, oko kuchazwe ngentla apha, kukho ezinye izizathu ukuba ubomi entolongweni ungamiselwanga ukuba wenza isenzo esiyingozi. Ezi ziquka iimeko ezithile ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kumgaqo 61 Code Criminal:

- izenzo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni emibi, bathwalwa engaziva imfesane;

- icala lenziwe phantsi akhethe;

- ityala alenzileyo elingaphaya imiqathango yokhuselo eziyimfuneko (oku nqaku yayo);

- banikwe uncedo oluyimfuneko lokuqala kunye nokulungiswa ngokuzithandela.

Phambi ezi meko phambi kokuba kwenziwe ukufa zebhayoloji, oko kukuthi ubomi, akukho kuqeshwa eRashiya.

ukulinganiselwa organic

Umbuzo ngulo: kutheni mthetho zizakubalulwa phakathi kwabantu ngokweendidi zisekelwe ekusetyenzisweni yobomi kwimowudi lokufumana indawo? Ngapha koko, ukuba ezingabalulekanga, indoda nokuba yinkazana, xa indlela ulwaphulo-mthetho okanye neziphumo zayo akukho kwisini-umthwalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwezi maqela abantu (abafazi, abantwana namadoda engama-65), kwezentlalo ababuthathaka abadinga inkxaso, lo mthetho sele uqinisekile ukuba isohlwayo ibingento kusebenza kula macandelo oluntu.

Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba mthetho lukhuni abo bakhonza isohlwayo ubomi entolongweni, okanye abenzi bobubi abo wenziwe ulwaphulo ezinobungozi, akukho mfuneko ukuvelisa ngokubanzi, oko kukuthi, ukuze anciphise ilungelo labo ukukhululwa zakuqala.

Noko ke, nangona ukuchaneka elikhangeleka ngayo lo mbono, kukuqonda amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko kunye kwezibonelelo zeNgqungquthela Human Rights. Ngokutsho kwimimiselo umntu kufuneka babe nelungelo lokukhetha kunye nelungelo lokulungisa. Uthintelo ithuba lokukhululwa xa yokuziphatha kakuhle kuthathwa ukutyeshelwa eziphathekayo loMgaqo-siseko ka-Russia.

Apho bakhonza izivakalisi?

Isigwebo sobomi ngowe ithanga, kuba ulawulo olulodwa. kwiziko loluntu kule hlobo kubonisa ukuba izaphuli-mthetho okokuqala kwiminyaka eli-10 yokukhonza ixesha imiqathango engqongqo lokuvalelwa, ngokwahlukileyo evela kwabanye umntu ezimbini gumbi.

Ummi, ngubani na kwiindawo ezinjalo unako ukusebenza kwaye ukufunda, kodwa iimeko ezizodwa zenzelwa kuyo. Leyo nokutsala kwezi ntlobo zemisebenzi ngendlela ngokubanzi ungekho, ekubeni ezi amabanjwa zigcinwe zodwa, musa avume ukuya kwimveliso okanye ukuqeqesha.

Agwetywe ukuba entolongweni ngenxa ebomini makavunyelwe ukuba bahambe kwisithuba esinikiweyo kwi yokungabikho namanye amabanjwa. Xesha kuphela iiyure enye enesiqingatha. Ukuba ukuziphatha enetyala ingangqubani umyalelo kwaye asibandakanyi ulwaphulo-mthetho entsha, ziyahamba angandiswa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini.

Ukuba umoni abenzi izono okanye liliphalaza ezintsha, oko siziguqulela iimeko eziqhelekileyo okanye lula. Ngoko ke, lo ilahla alichitha entolongweni iminyaka engama-25, emva koko oko parole kunokwenzeka.

kumaziko oluleko

In Russia kukho iintolongo aziwayo, leyo ezinamaphepha wagwetyelwa ubomi kuhlala esiseleni, ukuba imo ethile okanye oxutyiweyo (enzima ezizodwa, jikelele kunye ezizodwa, njalo-njalo. P.).

La maziko ziquka:

- "Black Dolphin" (Sol-Iletsk, ummandla Orenburg);

- "White Swan" (Solikamsk, ummandla Perm);

- "Black ukhozi" (kwisithili Ivdelsky, ummandla Sverdlovsk);

- "owl ngekhephu" (Labytnangi, ummandla Tyumen);

- "Ognenny Ostrov" (Isiqithi yoMlilo, kummandla Vologda).

Zingaphi mthetho ekukhonzeni ubomi?

Amanani bathi entolongweni ubomi kwakhona qho ngonyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba kweli lizwe kunyaka ngamnye kuba abantu abaninzi ngakumbi abanetyala zolwaphulo-mthetho abantu yeendidi ezizodwa.

Ngokutsho Russian Federal States Service ngoJanuwari 1, 2015 kweli thanga yoluleko abantu 1897 ndigwetywe, wagwetyelwa ubomi. Oku abantu 37 ngaphezu ngo-2014.

Grant of parole

ERashiya, ubomi entolongweni elingatyunjwanga ngaphandle zengqawule, njengoko, umzekelo, eBulgaria. Ngako oko, mna mbanjwa unelungelo, ukuba sele kudlule iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu ngayo kwisivakalisi ubomi, ukuba isicelo enkundleni ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha.

Ukongeza, kwi-Russian Federation kukho inkqubo inyanzelekile ukuba ukuhluthwa ilungelo ubukho, leyo umyalelo Xolela inokuguqulwa ubomi entolongweni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba iziko lezoluleko ukufa ngokobugcisa ibanjwa - yinto isenzo zenceba umntu ngokuhambelana namalungelo siseko.

Kodwa ibe akukho abaphuli yengqawule abakhonza izivakalisi kwiintolongo ekufeni zebhayoloji apho. Noko ke, kwakukho iinzame ezimbini ukuya lokufaka izicelo ngenxa yokuxolelwa, kodwa inkundla washiya isigwebo ingaguqukanga. Ngoko ke, nokuba umntu ongatshatanga wagwetywa ukuvalelwa entolongweni ukuya ebomini begazi iye nalawo angekakhululwa ngengqawule, nokuba nguye iyikoloni seminyaka engamashumi amathandathu anesihlanu.

Kwamanye amazwe, njengoko sele sibonile, ukukhululwa ekuqaleni akunakusebenza ukuba labo fela ku tirhisa ubomi entolongweni.

Ukuze abantwana, kukho ezinye iintlobo zezohlwayo, kuba kukholelwa ukuba ubomi elivisayo ngecala ulwaphulo-mthetho ingakumbi ubundlobongela kunye eziyingozi nabuntu.

Uninzi iimeko abanomoya ukuba ukudluliselwa kwezinye iimeko okanye ngengqawule kwenziwa e-Italy. Umzekelo, umbanjwa kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini angalindela ukuba ukuhlangabezana isicelo yokukhululwa enemiqathango. Okanye isigqibo senkundla kwiminyaka esibhozo ngummi sisenokwamkelwa imimiselo efanelekileyo yokukhonza njenge useholideyini iintsuku ezingamashumi amane anesihlanu okanye imisebenzi ngaphandle entolongweni.

I-Netherlands, phezu koko, musa ukuvumela ingqawule amabanjwa, nangona ilungelo lokubhena ukuba kukhululwe khona. Ukususela ngo-1940, xa ebezikuyo ayichatshazelwa ngakumbi ukuhlala entolongweni abantu ababini kuphela abo abagulela ukufa.