Lomlawuli - erenkini yomkhosi?

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba isihloko isetyenziswa uninzi kwamatyala kwimeko emkhosini. imbali efundisayo ukuvela yokuthetha in Russian. Igama elithi "mkhosi" isinceda ukuba siqonde wenza kanye oko aba bantu baza kuyo kwiqela elinegunya yomkhosi indawo.

Ukuvela kwegama elithi

iinguqu Peter I xa emkhosini aguqula isihlwele umva, aliphelelanga kwaye abadibenanga, nto leyo umkhosi Russian, siwenze ube omnye bemikhosi ezisebenzayo zomkhosi ilizwekazi laseYurophu. Njengamanye ezininzi amagama zomkhosi, igama elithi "ukuhlangula ngokuthi" - senkulungwane ezintsha XVII waseJamani. Kuye iingcambu Latin kwaye livela umphathi-mkhosi, igama elithetha "Uncedo". Ngoko ke, ixabiso lokuqala ke lulolona lubalulekileyo kwesihloko "ukuhlangula ngokuthi" - ukuba umncedisi ngumphathi.

Wempi ku Petrine Russia

Kwisiqingatha sesibini kwenkulungwane ye-17, zoomabhalana pisarstvom kwi umkhosi Russian ezibandakanya mikhosi. Emva ukwamkelwa kwemimiselo zomkhosi ngo-1716 kwisihloko kuhlala regiments Cossack kuphela. Lomlawuli yomkhosi rhoqo ibonakala. Xa umkhosi Russian ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-17, umphathi-mkhosi - ijoni uluhlu ezithile imisebenzi, unobhala we -mkhosi, ngubani onoxanduva lokulawula ofisi, umsebenzi abasebenzi. Le ngesiqu atyabukile omabini amagosa, ebanjwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngqwayi-mkhosi. Imisebenzi lwabancedisi zobuqu ziquka:

• liqhuba imbalelwano umphathi zakho;
• ekwenzeni imithetho yakhe;
• nokuziswa yokuthumela iileta, imiyalelo, imiyalelo yomlomo nebhalwe phantsi;
• ukufumana inani ngokulwa.

enkantolo

Ukuqalisa ukusuka 1711 entendelezweni ngookumkani Russian kufuneka izithuba ezimbini ezintsha, nganye eneyazo isimaphambili egameni layo. Baye ngokuba "lomlawuli Jikelele" yaye "mkhosi". Esi sihloko wayengase abantu kuphela anandiphe ukuzithemba ekhethekileyo umyalelo omkhulu umlawuli ngokwakhe, imiyalelo egameni lakhe yaye zisongamela ukuphunyezwa. "Uluhlu sezikhundla" epapashwe ngo-1722, sele kubhaliso yayo zezi zikhundla. Apha, zombini neziqu ulingana ezintlwini umkhosi yangoku.

Ekuqaleni, wempi - yombutho equka phantsi Jikelele, Marshal kunye Generalissimo. imithwalo yakhe ziquka ugqithiso-odolo kunye nemiyalelo umphathi phezu nelisemihlubulweni. Ukususela ekupheleni XVII kwenkulungwane eRashiya "lomlawuli Jikelele" yaye "mkhosi" - yohambelwano (inkundla) isihloko, wayenelungelo lokuba sinxibe kuphela kubantu aba Suite kaKesare.

Igama elithi "jikelele" akuthethi ezintlwini umkhosi, kufanelekile ukuba ukongeza ekupheleni unobumba "a" ngoko kucaca ukuba kububulumko ukufunda isihloko ngokuthi "jikelele lomlawuli." Ngokuyalelwa uCatherine II lomlawuli Jikelele unako bangqongwe kuphela uKumkanikazi, kwaye kwakhona iba isihloko lentendelezo. Yiba umncedisi obhinqileyo kaKesare wafuna yi ngophakathi amaninzi wamajoni - isihloko yekhethelo kunye nenzuzo. Ukuqeshwa abakuluhlu olulandelayo inkundla kwakuthetha ngokuzenzekelayo ukufumana efanelekileyo, ngaphezulu isikhundla emkhosini.

Emva 1917, isihloko mkhosi lisusiwe kwaye ngoku esetyenziswa ekhaya umkhosi endle.