Moriak Fransua: engobomi, ucaphulo, amazwi, amabinzana,

F. Mauriac - French Umbhali kwinkulungwane XX, leyo waphefumlela elidlulileyo ngaphezu elizayo. Ngoko kubonakala ukuba abo bafunde ubuncinane isibini kweenoveli zakhe. Singaba ngisho ukubala lixesha - ezimbalwa ababephila ngexesha lakhe bayavumelana nesibakala sokuba yokuziphatha umKristu kuma uvavanyo ziintlekele ezininzi kwinkulungwane XX. Yena ngokwakhe wavuma ukuba umsebenzi wakhe ngathi njo elidlulileyo. Isenzo phantse yonke imisebenzi ibekwe ekupheleni XIX - kwekhulu XX ekuqaleni, ihlabathi lanamhlanje, kwabonakala, wayengenamdla yombhali. Kodwa Fransua Moriak - Nobel Prize, ilungu le-French Academy omnye wababhali ibalulekileyo kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

Uququzelelo geographical indlela yobomi Fransua Moriaka Bordeaux

Moriak Fransua wazalwa ngo-1885 e-Bordeaux. Uyise, Jean-Pol Moriak waba yomthengisi athengise imithi. Mother noMargarita Mauriac naye kwintsapho zorhwebo. UFrancois waba bazalwana abathathu kunye nodade, yaye ekubeni junior, wafumana ingqalelo kakhulu. Ukususela ebuntwaneni yena wakhulela olucokisekileyo yamaKatolika, ukunyaniseka leyo wayisa de ekufeni kwakhe.

Wafunda inkwenkwe e Koderane, apho wafumana umhlobo ubomi - André Lacaze. Ngowe-1902, uninakhulu zombhali wafa, eshiya ngasemva ilifa ukuba intsapho bahlulelana, akakwazi kumngcwaba. Ukubukela le drama ntsapho yayimele Mauriac ukothuka yokuqala enkulu.

Kwikholeji, Mauriac wayefunda imisebenzi Paul Claudel, Charles Baudelaire, Artyura Rembo, Colette na Andre Gide. Loo umxhesho uye wafundisa umntakwabo-in-mthetho André Gide, utitshala Marsel Druen. Emva college, uFrancois wangena University of Bordeaux kwi-Faculty of Literature, abaphumeleleyo ngo-1905 Master.

Kulo nyaka, Moriak Fransua waqalisa ukuya amaKatolika Marc Sagnier. Nguloyo ngamandla yi-bulumko kwimpucuko, abalandeli bayo ithathwa uYesu wayekhe waphila kwaye bazama ukufumana umthombo ukholo.

I yokuqala Amava zoncwadi: Paris

Ngowe-1907, Fransua Moriak wafudukela eParis, apho ulungiselela ukungena Ecole de Shart. Kwangaxeshanye, yena uqala ukuzama wena xa ubhala vesi. Ingqokelela "Izandla isongiwe lokuthandaza" yakhululwa ngo-1909. Le mibongo zaye kakhulu nalwazi, nabo baziva impembelelo iimbono zonqulo lombhali, kodwa kunjalo ke kwangoko kwatsala ingqalelo ababhali abaninzi. Impumelelo le ncwadi yokuqala eyabangela Mauriac ushiye isikolo kwaye azinikele ukuba uncwadi. Kungekudala mna ndaphuma kuThixo, inoveli wokuqala - ". Umntwana phantsi ubunzima eentsontelo" Njengoko sele kuchaziwe ngokucacileyo ingcinga ephambili zonke Iinoveli ezilandelayo: umfana lwasuswa kumaphondo ukubambana kunye izilingo kwemali eyinkunzi ekugqibeleni ifumana ukuvumelana unqulo.

Imisebenzi ngexesha umsebenzi kunye izimvo zopolitiko umbhali

Kanye njengezinye ababhali ezininzi French ezifana Alber Kamyu kunye Jean-Pol Sartr, Mauriac njengobuluchasileyo nobuNazi. Ngexesha nomsebenzi lwamaNazi waseFransi, wabhala, xandzukela ngokusebenzisana. Okokuqala, nangona kunjalo, eyishumayeza siseko yoluntu, ngoko emva kwemfazwe wabongoza isiFrentshi kuba nenceba kwabo ezisebenze ngayo kunye amaJamani.

Naye njengobuluchasileyo-nkqubo bobukoloniyali kunye nokusetyenziswa sentuthumbo Algeria olwenziwa ngumkhosi French. Mauriac inkxaso de Gaulle, unyana wakhe waba unobhala jikelele wobuqu 1940 emva kwexesha.

Isakhiwo isebenza Fransua Moriaka

Umbhali Alwa ubambene ongenalusini kunye Roger Peyrefitte, ayendityhola iVatican of badlale ubufanasini kwaye basoloko befuna ukuba amaYuda efihliweyo phakathi kwabasebenzi bayo. Ngaphandle fiction Mauriac washiya imisebenzi emininzi kwimiba zamaKristu, "Ubomi uYesu", "amava soMntu bengqondo zonqulo", "Xa iintliziyo angonwabi ezimbalwa." Kwincwadi ethi "The Life of Yesu," umbhali uchaza isizathu sokuba uye wahlala ethembekile unqulo apho ke wazalwa waza wakhulela. Ngokutsho umbhali, lenzelwe akukho yenkolo okanye izazinzulu, okanye zobulumko. Kuyinto phantse Ukuvuma womntu ofuna isisiza ukuba ubomi yokuziphatha.

Fransua Moriak: amabinzana kunye aphorisms ze umbhali enkulu

Mauriac washiya amazwi amaninzi anokuqonda lobulumko kuvele ngoyena ndoqo yobuntu. Wonke umsebenzi wakhe wayitshabalalisa ekufundweni icala ezimnyama umphefumlo kunye khangela imithombo iziphene. Eyona nto ephambili lokuqaphela wakhe omkhulu kwakukho kunye umtshato ngendlela ungonwabanga isibini ophilayo waza wafumana nokushukunyiswa ezityhala abantu esonweni. Inkolo ke ayekholelwa handrail inceda ukugcina ngaphezu enzonzobileni neminqweno yabantu. Kodwa kukho amaxesha, wabhala, xa kwanezo zilungileyo woMntu uThixo. Ke uThixo usibonisa yize wethu, ukuyalela endleleni efanelekileyo. Inkolo kunye neencwadi kuba sebenzisana kakuhle kangangokuba zombini uncedo ukuze siqonde ngcono le ndoda, wacinga Fransua Moriak. Izimemo equlathe iimfundiso zamaKristu, inokufunyanwa phantse yonke kwinoveli ngayo.

Amazwi ngothando nomtshato

Buyintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kwendoda nomfazi emtshatweni, kunye nemiba yokuziphatha intiyo yabo ezifanayo - koko ikakhulu ingqalelo Fransua Moriak. Quotes ngothando, apho umbhali ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, icebisa ukuba umbhali wacinga kakhulu ngalo mba. Njengoko kwakunye Leo Tolstoy, yena ingqalelo umtshato Kukumanyana phakathi kwabantu ababini. Uthando phakathi kwendoda nomfazi, wabhala Moriak Fransua, batyhutyha iingozi ezininzi, kodwa ke eyona intle, kodwa ummangaliso kakhulu ezingenamsebenzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo uthando waqonda ngokuba "ummangaliso ayibonakali kwabanye," uthi ukuba olusenyongweni kakhulu kwaye wathandana emfihlekweni phakathi kwabantu ababini. wayesoloko wayibiza ngokuba intlanganiso ubuthathaka ezimbini.

Abaphangi boThixo Ezilahlekileyo

Umbhali Old lixesha ingabizwa kuphela indoda yaphosa krwaqu ngokudlulisa emsebenzini wakhe. Enyanisweni, ophambili ka Romanov Fransua Mauriac, ukuba azihlanganisele zonke kubo - yinto yoluntu yongxowankulu mihla. Kwaye ukuba ngqo, uluntu elahlekelwe uThixo, ungaveli shagnuvshee eneneni, Nietzsche wavula postulate bakhe ukuba uThixo ufile. Mauriac ukufunda nokubhala - luhlobo wokuhlanjululwa, zama kwakhona ukuba abantu ukuba bakuqonde oko kulungileyo noko kubi. Amaqhawe Iinoveli Bacinga besihla benyuka ebomini bam zipholile ukhangela Kuyanikhubekisa entsha ubushushu kubanda kwehlabathi. XIX ngekhulu nimgatyile uThixo, kodwa XX akazange azise nantoni umva.

Kwidolophu njengomthombo iphefumlelwe

Kwanele ukuba bafunde umbhali inoveli "Ofikisayo of yore 'ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na Fransua Moriak. ngobomi bakhe kuchaziwe kulo msebenzi yokugqibela ngobuciko ngocoselelo. hero yenoveli, kwakunye Mauriac wazalelwa Bordeaux kwintsapho osisityebi, wakhulela-bume endala, mna iincwadi nobugcisa baqubuda ukufunda. Ligqobha Paris, waqala ukubhala phantse nangoko esuke udumo kunye nembeko kwizangqa boncwadi. Kwidolophu ngokuqinileyo exabileyo ekuyileni umbhali, ukusuka umsebenzi ukusebenza. abalinganiswa bakhe manqaphanqapha ukuya eParis, isenzo ephambili lwenzeka kwi Bordeaux kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Mauriac wathi wegcisa ayihoyekanga kwiphondo akagibi uluntu.

Ukupheka kukungxawu eziyolweni zabantu

Kwinqaku "A umbhali kunye nabalinganiswa bakhe" Mauriac ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha imihlaba yophando lwabo - kuba bengqondo yabantu, uthando oma endleleni yakhe kuThixo wena. Ngokugxila usapho kunye zasekhaya iingxaki, Mauriac, "wabhala ubomi" kuzo zonke izinto zalo zahlukeneyo. Bakhethe symphony eziyolweni babantu omnye, ebeka phantsi neemicroscope nimana bakhe engayekiyo, umbhali utyhilela umfundi uhlobo ngamanye amaxesha ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe ye banomnqweno ukuba nomzi, nokusebenzisa lunxano egoism. Kodwa ngendlela kuphela kuphungula ngotyando, unqanyulwe ngaphandle ezingqondweni iingcamango lwesono. Kuphela emi ubuso ngobuso abakhubazekileyo zabo, abantu baqale ukujongana nazo.

Fransua Moriak: aphorisms ngobomi ngokwabo

Njengaye nawuphi na umntu osoloko esebenza kunye ilizwi, Mauriac anokuchaza Akumangalisi ecacisa ukuzikhwebula kwisivakalisi efanayo. mgawuli lakhe kabukhali delineates imilo i ubuntu ozimeleyo, nto leyo kudinga ukuhlonipha indawo yakhe xa ubhala ukuba umi ngonyawo olunye engcwabeni kwaye akafuni yena ukunyathela omnye unyawo. Hayi ngaphandle amazwi akhe Wits. Ngokomzekelo, omnye aphorism yakhe edumileyo uthi ngokuqhelekileyo abafazi iindleko unbribable yeyona kuyabiza. Abanye ababhali babuyelayo amabinzana eziqhelekileyo kuthi izinto kwicala engalindelekanga ngokupheleleyo. Le aphorism "likhoboka leziyobisi - yinto ingaphelelwayo mnandi ukufa" uxhomekeke eziyingozi kuba phantse umthunzi yothando.

Uninzi ubomi bakhe umbhali wayehlala Paris, kwaye bazi kakuhle kule dolophu. Noko ke, igama elithi ukuba Paris - into ihlalwa wedwa, waluvula ucango nje kuphela emva kwendlu yakhe, kodwa umphefumlo zombhali. Ngoxa - Moriak Fransua waphila iminyaka 85 - ke badaniswa akukho namnye wenza isigqibo esinengqiqo ukuba ukwakha iinqaba emoyeni akubizi nantoni na, kodwa ke umonakalo yabo ibe imali eninzi kakhulu.

wamagama

Xa Fransua Moriaku wathi ukuba umntu onwabe, kuba ukholelwa yokungafi wakhe, wayesoloko waphendula ukuba le nkolelo ayisekelwanga into izicacele. Ukholo - enhle, isenzo intando, yaye oko kufuna umgudu omkhulu ngumntu. khanyisa zenkolo kunye ubabalo akuthethi tsalelani umphefumlo ekucamngceni ngaxa lithile, kufuneka afune ukuba umoya yena umthombo. Oku kunzima ngakumbi kwiindawo apho kungekho nto ngeenxa akukho kungqinwa ubuncinane phambi encinane yokuziphatha nokuthobeka. Mauriac wathi yena wayekwazi - kunye nogxininiso ekuveliseni ilizwi - ukugcina, bakubambe uthando akakubonanga.