Ngaba ndiya kuqokelela ezi converters kumaza ngezandla zabo? Umgaqo ukusebenza kunye nokufakelwa idayagramu converters frequency

inverters nokuveliswa ngezandla zabo kunzima, njengoko ufuna Banengqiqo elungileyo kakhulu bombane amandla semiconductor nobuchwepheshe. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ucinge kuyilo kwesi sixhobo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi iinjongo apho zisetyenziswa. Kwakhona kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni na iinkalo eziphambili kwezi nkqubo yekhompyutha.

Yintoni i inverter?

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba AC mbane, kwaye kumaza athile. Umgangatho Russian - 50 Hertz. Kwamanye amazwe Western, umgangatho eyahlukileyo kancinci - 60 Hertz. Ngoko amaza ngoku kuxhomekeke umsebenzi izixhobo ezininzi. Converters sebenzisa amandla Motors induction. Izizathu ukusetyenziswa ngendlela ye-elektroniki kakhulu lukhulu. Umzekelo, kwishishini drive ye zande, nokusetyenziswa kwazo ishenxisa iindlela omkhulu.

Ukuba ngaphezulu koko utshintshe isantya ukujikeleza ibhanti kwi yokuthutha kungenziwa ngokuthi kusetyenziswe reducer, olusekelwe phezu kwezinye uhlobo ibhokisi izixhobo isithuthi. Ngaphezu koko, kunokuba zomatshini (usebenzisa amagiya ezininzi) kunye CVT. Kodwa ke kakhulu ngempumelelo ngakumbi ukutshintsha lwangoku parameters kolo injini. Tyhila resistor elitshintshayo kutshintsha isantya ojikeleza ngaso le swa. Yaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba Ukutshintsha amaza phezu uluhlu olubanzi.

Yintoni kukho impahla converters rhoqo?

Ukongeza, ezi zicwangciso drive zikuvumela ukuba ukuphumeza ukuba injini yombane ziza kufumana amandla imizuzwana embalwa. umsebenzisi-ekhankanyiweyo ixesha nodweliso lwenkqubo i imisebenzi yefrikhwensi Converter. Ngokufanayo, singenza misa ixesha armature motor. Oku kunciphisa umthwalo kwi drive leyo iba nefuthe ngqo kwizibonelelo zawo.

Ukongeza, amashishini amancinane abangenako ukunika ngokwazo kunye uthungelwano ontlantlu-ntathu, kodwa kukho imfuneko yokuba kwenziwe oko, ukusetyenziswa converters rhoqo - oku ilikhubalo lokwenyaniso. Kukho iindlela ezininzi izixhobo ukuba uqhagamshele i-AC single-xesha, yaye imveliso likuvelisileyo ezintathu. Ngoko ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ibandakanye kugesi motor oluqhelekileyo. Kwaye kule meko ke zange ayeke amandla, izakusebenza kakuhle.

Power Components converters

Zonke converters frequency kusetyenziswa IGBT enamandla okanye MOSFET-transistors. Ngabo ilungele kolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Bona shelwe kwiimodyuli ezahlukeneyo. Le ndlela engathethekiyo ekwaziyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza isixhobo se-elektroniki. Transistors asebenza kwi iqhosha kwimo data, ulawulo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo isilawuli. Isibakala sokuba lonke ulawulo ombane aphantsi, isenza i ombane aphezulu hayi iyafuneka. Ngoko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba ngokusebenzisa isilawuli elula.

indibano ekhethekileyo series IR2132 kunye IR2130 bavame zisetyenziswa. Ziqulethe abaqhubi amathandathu ezilawula izitshixo. Ezintathu zisetyenziselwa ezantsi, ezintathu - ukuya phezulu. Le ndibano kukuvumela ukuba ukuxubana inverter elula. Ukongeza, ukuba elithile eziliqela yokuzikhusela. Umzekelo, elifutshane-beesekethe kunye overload. iimpawu ezichanisekileyo lweziqalelo zonke ingafumaneka ekwiincwadi. Kodwa onke amacandelo amandla kuye ethile enkulu - iindleko eziphezulu yempahla.

circuit converter kwesakhiwo

Nayiphi inverter enjinini ubunjwe iibhloko ezintathu eziphambili - le rectifier, icebo lokucoca ulwelo, inverter. Isiphumo kukuba ombane AC kuqala atshintshelwe DC, ngoko yahluzwa. Emva kwako konke oku, kukho zocaphulo AC. Kodwa kukho unit sesithathu - inverter isilawuli-elawulwa. Okanye ukuba ngqo ngakumbi, enamandla IGBT-transistors. Ukuba kwenzeka ukuba yokujongana chastotnikami, ngoko uyazi ukuba phambi kwabo, kukho amaqhosha eziliqela program.

Manual frequency Converter kuya kukuxelela ukuba angakanani ukukhangela izi zicwangciso ze yonke imisebenzi. Ityala inzima kakhulu, njengoko useto nkqu sesona sixhobo elula kakhulu lukhulu. Ukongeza, kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ukuba likuvumela ukuba utshintshe isantya armature iimoto, lungisa kukukhawuleziswa kunye deceleration xesha, kusekho neqondo lokhuselo. Umzekelo, phezu-ngoku. Kwimeko isixhobo enjalo ishenxisa imfuneko ukufaka breakers beesekethe.

unit rectifier

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo isabelo amaza lokuguqulela, converters AC-DC, kwizigaba ngezigaba. Inguqulelo ye unikezelo inokuba nokuba womnatha ontlantlu-ntathu, okanye ukusuka kwisigaba esinye. Kodwa UKUBA imveliso kuyo nayiphi na imeko sisigaba ezintathu-AC ombane. Kodwa ukuze bayenze ulawulo lwangoku, kuyimfuneko yokulungisa kuqala na. Eyona nto kukuba ulawulo bume kunzima - kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa dimmers ezinkulu, nto leyo elula kakhulu. Ingakumbi, ngoku lixesha microelectronics kunye esizisebenzelayo, sebenzisa iteknoloji lixesha akukho nje ezingenangqondo, kodwa sikwancedela kakhulu.

Kuba ekulungiseni i AC ontlantlu-ntathu ngoku isetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki eziquka ilight semiconductor ezintandathu. Ziyabandakanywa kwisiphaluka ibhulorho, kuvela ukuba isibini ngasinye lobuceducedu isetyenziswe ekulungiseni kwisigaba esinye. Xa imveliso ye yunithi rectifier zifumana ombane DC, ubukhulu balo silingana eziya igalelo. Kweli nqanaba, yonke ukuguqulwa epheleleyo, naluphi na ulawulo akwenziwa le yunithi. Ukuba amandla eveliswe yi-single-isigaba womnatha rectifier gqithisela ngokwaneleyo nokuba ukusuka diode enye. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa ngcono kwisiphaluka kwebhulorho ezine.

ibandla module lokucoca ulwelo

Lo mnqongo isetyenziselwa ukuhluza ombane DC. Iyunithi ukhetho ilula - ke inductor zibandakanyiwe umsantsa igxalaba plus. Phakathi izibonda ye capacitor electrolytic ifakiwe. Uye umsebenzi omnye - bahlukane ingxenye bume. Eyona nto kukuba rectifier lingenako ngokupheleleyo balahle yama- nzi. Kusekho icandelo encinane ifildi ngoku, nto leyo ukunika ingxolo ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza.

Kuba ingqalelo umgaqo ukusebenza kweyunithi filter kufuneka zihlalutywe, ukuba izinto endaweni. Xa usebenza kwiikota DC inductivity endaweni ukuxhathisa, lo capacitor ithathwa yi chain komsipha. Kodwa apha engenazibonelelo zaneleyo yangoku ye-AC ukuvimba kuguquliwe. Ngenxa yoko, zonke ingxenye elitshintshayo liyalahleka kuba kwisiphaluka elifutshane kwenzeka kule meko. Oku kunokuba nzima ukuqonda, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda iziseko theoretical component ikharakhtha eyahlulayo. Kodwa isigaba inverter 3 ngaphandle akunakwenzeka.

isigaba inverter

Nantso selisiza inxalenye fun - ukusetyenziswa ophezulu-power IGBT-transistors. Zilawula kwakhona ngu isilawuli-based, umgangatho womsebenzi wabo kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni onke amaza converter. Loo ejikeleza le Converter ombane isagquba. Enyanisweni, ngoncedo lwe transistors mandla wakhona naluphi akhululeke. A olupheleleyo lweziqalelo ezintandathu ezisetyenziswa kwisikimu elula - ezimbini kwisigaba ngasinye. Le inverter 220 neziphumo kwisigaba ngasinye ngokuphathelele zero.

, Kufuneka usebenzise ilight semiconductor bahlukane okuvela kuyo ombane umva. Ziyabandakanywa phakathi ungumqokeleli kunye emitter of transistors amandla. Management ikhutshwa phandle emnyango isiseko. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, converters kwamaza, ziveliswe ngezandla zabo kwi inverter ndachithelwa transistors ababini kwisigaba ngasinye. Ziquka uthotho lwabo PN-nguqu. Ngenxa yee-ingongoma ingalo isigaba ngasinye isusiwe. Xa iminqongo ekhoyo ngokorhwebo esele zenziwe, kuba nefuthe lokubonelela ombane DC, kwakunye izikhonkwane ezintathu ukuya ukususa isigaba ezithathu-AC. Ukongeza, kukho isinxibelelanisi ulawulo microcontroller.

ulawulo isilawuli

Isetyenziswa ukutshintsha injini shaft izinga lokuguqulela, le ombane apho amaza Ukungagqibeki ngu 50 Hertz, unako litshintshwe awo kuthotho. Ukuba ngokuthe ngqo, ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya kuloo rhoqo, nto leyo Singakufumanela isilawuli. Yiya imfuneko esisiseko wokugqibela - kukukwazi ukuqhagamshela izixhobo ezininzi. Xa ukwakha ombane converter uyatshintsha nokumelana bume ogama rhoqo kufuneka ilawulwe kumqhubekekisi. Wakhetha ngenyameko, kufuneka ukuba inani elaneleyo zamazibuko igalelo-output.

A kancinane nzima ukuba uhlelo kungenziwa ngokudibanisa le microcontroller kwiqela lenjongo LCD. Ukuba ungabaveleli umbala eliphezulu benikela it ngokwaneleyo monochromatic, njengoko kwi sokubala elula. To input-output port elidityaniswe kwakhona ukuphumeza iqhosha kweenkqubo. Yiloo ndlela onokwenza elula frequency Converter. Ixabiso zonke izinto ziya kuba ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini. Kodwa ke iindleko drive enesakhono 200-750 Watt isusela ukusuka engange 6,500 ukuya 12,000. Yonke into ixhomekeke kumenzi kunye isixhobo ubunakho.

Housing izixhobo

converters Ubuninzi, ziveliswe izandla zabo, kufuneka ube izindlu ngamandla. Kuxhomekeke kulo lula nje ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ukusebenza. Isiseko yenziwe aluminium. Isizathu sokuba usebenzisa le nto - imfuneko sokwehlisa ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Xa IGBT-isichatshulwa kushushu kakhulu, ubushushu kunye ilight semiconductor. Kwaye akunamsebenzi, amaza converter 380 okanye 220 volts kuwe.

Amanye amalungu umzimba eyenziwe ngeplastiki. Kubaluleke gqitha ukuba zonke izinto zokhuseleko efihliweyo kubo loo nto ayizange yenzeke ngengozi angamchukumisi ezinjengeetheminali eziphakamileyo-ombane asetyenziswa. Xa ubuso imfuneko ukunikezela Umqala yombhalo wangoku kunye namaqhosha. Ngokwahlukeneyo, kwindawo elula, wamisela resistor variable. Xa nodweliso lwenkqubo i microcontroller kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo ukuba lo ukuxhathisa lwaya imveliso frequency yangoku.

transfer Tshisa imiba yenkqubo

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe shushu ukusasaza. Izixhobo eziphuhliswe enamandla injini, oluthembekileyo ngakumbi ukuba. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, isiseko kufuneka zenziwe aluminium. ombane Converter wesekethe Laliwukhusela nobushushu. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho drill umngxuma izindlu, zincwadi Womenzi lobushushu ekhwele kuyo. Ekubeni ke ukudla uphawu unit ukufanisa ukuya microcontroller. Kwimeko yokudlula lobushushu liphezulu umthwalo kufuneka kumsindo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho transistors imodyuli amandla turn-off.

Ukuphucula transfer ubushushu kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa abalandeli. indawo yabo kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ukuze umoya ukugeleza ukuba amaphiko Ukupholisa izindlu radiator. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo okupholisa kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa paste thermal. Ivula ukuvelisa abalandeli afanelekileyo kwi isixhobo sesiqalo. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba enze lwenkqubo lwe eli, kusetyenziswa uphawu ukusuka woluvo lobushushu. Emva kokuba lobushushu elingana isiqingatha ukuba apho ifowuni icinyiwe, i fan senziwa.

ibhodi ukujikeleza

Njengoko ibhodi yesekethe Kungcono usebenzise iindlela esele zenziwe. Xa ibhodi ekhoyo ngokorhwebo ezinemingxuma ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, kuyo abafowunelwa ezincinane tin ngumfanekiswana. Xa parlance efanayo zibizwa ngokuba "intlanzi". Kuphela into ekufaneleke ukuba siyicinge, ekubeni kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela iprosesa chipset. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kufuneka usebenzise izihlanganisi ezithe soldered ukuba ebhodini. Ubuninzi converters ngezandla zabo ukwenza okuhle ukulindela izinto ezikhawulezayo-tshintsho. Chip okanye isilawuli nje ifakiwe kule yesiphelo nesokethi eseludongeni.

iziphumo

Ngaba ukuvelisa kunye naleyo rhoqo Converter. analogue Price, njengoko sibonile, iphezulu kakhulu. Nangona, Kakade ke, kufuneka amathuba. Kodwa enyanisweni, ukuba ukhangela ngokusondeleyo, kuvela okunene usebenzise akukho ngaphezu imisebenzi ezintlanu. Xa drive kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha isantya, uze ulungise lunikezelo kunye deceleration ixesha. A bit ngaphantsi wayedla umsebenzi umva uze utshintshe ngoku avumelekile ubuninzi.