Ngoobani aba Anglo-amaSaxons, yaye bevela phi na? Imbali i Anglo-amaSaxons

I-Anglo-amaSaxons ezo aziwa amaNgesi mihla ababehlala eBritani kwi V - XI eminyaka. Ekuqaleni eyayiyingxubevange ngezizwe zaseJamani, ngokuthe ngcembe yaba isiseko uhlanga elinye. Evolution yabantu Anglo-Saxon e IsiNgesi kwenzeka emva kokuba Norman ekoyiswa eNgilani ngo1066.

Ububanzi amaSaxons

Ukuze siqonde ukuba ngubani le Anglo-amaSaxons, kuyimfuneko ukuba babuyele kwimbali yamandulo aphakathi yaseBritani. Olu hlanga sisiphumo ngokudibana zezizwe eziliqela zaseJamani. Ezi likaAngles, amaSaxons, kunye namaJutes. Phambi kwinkulungwane III babehlala oko ngoku Jamani Denmark. Emva koko ke intsimi yobuhedeni, erhangqwe ngurhulumente wamaRoma.

Empire kangangeenkulungwane elawulwa iBritani. Xa siqithi bangena imikhosi yokuqala, kwakuhlala Celtic sesizwe amaBritane egameni apho umhlaba ufumana igama layo. Kwinkulungwane III waqalisa Imfuduko Enkulu. Lalingasetyenziswa kunye nezizwe zaseJamani. Ulwazi ezi yokufudukela amandulo kunceda ukuqonda ukuba ngubani le Anglo-amaSaxons. Lo monakalo ke loonothwal empumalanga ngenkani likaAngles, amaSaxons kunye namaJutes ukuya ngasentshona, abawela ulwandle kwaye azinze eBritani. Abantu bendawo bathatha ezeza ubutshaba, waza waqalisa imfazwe elide ukulawula esi siqithi.

Education Seven yezikumkani

Ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani le Anglo-amaSaxons, yaye apho avela khona, ndingasathethi bayisingela abantu Celtic zaseBritani, ziye phantsi elinamandla wamaRoma. Ukuze kwekhulu V, le mfazwe yaba yinxalenye imfazwe enkulu phakathi ngokufa uBukhosi kunye bakhona. Ngowe-VI Ngenkulungwane amandla yaseRoma kwi siqithi kwixesha elidlulileyo, baza babulawa amaBritane.

On amazwe ezintsha ngokwabo izizwe zamaJamani elisekwe izikumkani zabo. England - yiNorthumbria, uMercia and East Anglia, amaSaxon - Wessex, Essex kunye Sussex, kunye namaJutes - Kent. Nangona ukufana yesizwe, baye kulwa omnye rhoqo. ukuqhekeka Political Ndobanikela kwizikumkani ezisixhenxe nazilawuli eziliqela amancinci baqhubeka de ngenkulungwane IX.

Alfred Veliky

Ngokuthe ngcembe, umda yobuhlanga neelwimi naphakathi kwezizwe zaseJamani swe ngokupheleleyo. izinto ezininzi negalelo kule: .. ngapha ubomi Long ngu ecaleni, urhwebo, imitshato dynastic phakathi indlu yasebukhosini njalo ngokuba abantu Anglo-Saxon, wabonakala kwinkulungwane IX kwi kummandla kwezikumkani ezisixhenxe. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoluntu iye yaba ekuxhaseni lobuKristu wayo. Phambi kokuya ku kwisiqithi likaAngles kunye amaSaxons, njengawo onke amaJamani, baba abahedeni banqula yonk 'into ekuthiwa yalo oothixo.

Okokuqala ngo 597 wabhaptizwa ukumkani Ethelbert of Kent. Lo msitho yaqhutywa Saint Augustine Catholic Church. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le mfundiso intsha lasasazwa kwabantu German yonke eBritani. AmaKristu - ukuba Anglo-amaSaxons abaqala ukuya VII - kwiinkulungwane VIII. NjengoMlawuli Wessex Egbert, owayelawula ngowe-802 -. Kweminyaka 839, wakwazi ukuba zimanyane phantsi kwegunya lakhe zonke izikumkani ezisixhenxe. Namhlanje, ababhali-mbali bathi kuye inkosi yokuqala eNgilani, nangona engazange inganxitywa isihloko. umzukulwana wakhe, Alfred Veliky ekupheleni kwenkulungwane IX bakhokela umzabalazo wenkululeko yesizwe nxamnye Vikings, siphazamise eBritani. Emva zokucoca isiqithi abaphangi, wathabatha isihloko kakuhle ikufanele ukubizwa kwabo ukumkani eNgilani. ixesha omtsha waqalisa kwimbali yophuhliso lwesizwe. Namhlanje, ababhali-mbali sisajongisisa ngayo IX leminyaka, ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ukuze ufumanise ukuba ngubani le Anglo-amaSaxons. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ulwazi kubo isekelwe phezu izicatshulwa yemihla zamaxesha aphakathi, kunye ezafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto zakudala.

nabalimi belizwe xa bebonke

Inxalenye enkulu kwexesha yabemi baseBritani wayenza kwezolimo. Ngoobani aba Anglo-amaSaxons ukusuka kwindawo zentlalo ngayo? Bona nabalimi belizwe mahala (amagama abo Curls). Ezi abanini ezincinci self-ezaneleyo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kuxhomekeke ebukhosini nangokuxhomekeke kuphela umbuso. Bona uMbuso kwerente, kwakunye inxaxheba Vierden - athathwe yesizwe.

Ku VIII yemihla benkulungwane musa ukhankanye ubukho interlayer abalimi zixhomekeke. A ekusongeleni inkululeko babo behlasela Viking buhlungu. kwafika abaphangi evela yaseScandinavia ukuya siqithi ngokungalindelekanga. Bazitshisa isisombululo soxolo, nabemi abulawe okanye kwakhokelela ekuthinjweni. Nokuba umlimi wakwazi ukubaleka baphume Vikings, wahlala kunye nto. Ekubandezelekeni, kwafuneka ukuba ufune evela asebukhosini, uye yayinomhlaba ezinkulu. Ukongeza, ngexesha iimfazwe karhulumente ngexesha ngalinye zanda kakhulu irhafu. Extortions engqushiweyo kakubi kwanabo iifama ezibe kwimimandla uxolo kakhulu. Ngoko ke imbali i Anglo-amaSaxons ngokwendalo ngcembe waya imbonakalo nqaba.

I Norman ukoyisa

Ngokuhamba kwexesha ukuze ufumanise ukuba ngubani Anglo-amaSaxons, yaye apho ndivela khona iye nzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba inkcubeko uhlanga ke ngokuthe ngcembe yinto elidlulileyo emva eNgilani iphumelele Norman umkhosi Duke UWilhelm I. ngo1066, umkhosi wakhe mtyumzi France bemka baza kufika ulinganiso lweenkcukacha. Injongo UWilliam koloyiso yaba itrone IsiNgesi, wazithwala Anglo-Saxon Minor.

Ubukumkani buthathaka ngenxa kuhlaselo ngaxeshanye le Vikings, nabo wayefuna ukuba bafumane zintshula kwi siqithi. I- Battle of Hastings Normans woyisa mlawuli umkhosi Harold II Godwinson. Kungekudala yonke iNgilani waba ezandleni Wilhelm. Esi siganeko wayengekho kujikelezo elula yomphathi, nto leyo edla kwenzeka kumaXesha Aphakathi. Wilhelm waba ngumbharbhari - wayethetha ngolwimi lwasemzini, waza wakhulela kuluntu eyahlukileyo.

Ukuvela IsiNgesi

Kanye ngamandla, ukumkani omtsha wanika siqithi elite yayo Norman. ngokufutshane French waba ulwimi abasebukhosini zonke iinkokheli. Noko ke, endala Anglo-Saxon ukubetha ezisagcinwe balimi enkulu. Umsantsa phakathi iyaxela ekuhlaleni wahlala ixesha elide.

Sele kwinkulungwane XII zadityaniswa iilwimi ezimbini IsiNgesi (uhlobo lwe mihla yokuqala), njengoko abahlali ubukumkani yaqala ukuba bazibize British. Ngaphezu koko, Normans bazisa Classic feudalism kunye nenkqubo fief emkhosini. Ngoko ke wazalwa uhlanga olutsha, kwaye igama elithi 'Anglo-amaSaxons "iye yaba ingqiqo zembali.