Ngubani afika South Pole kuqala? Amundsen kaThixo feat

Discoverers ezinezinga esemazantsi azisoloko ukuba amagama abo imbali. Uhambo ezininzi ezaziwa kuphela amagama zeenkokheli zabo, esishiya zisabonakala amagama abanye abathathi-nxaxheba. Abo wafika kuqala South Pole, ngombulelo, bashiya amagama abo. uhambo brilliant, wafikelela usukelo lwakhe, kwenzeka ngo-1911.

URoald Amundsen. curriculum vitae

I-Norwegian omkhulu, abo bafika South Pole kuqala, kokuhamba njalo kwezona ndawo zinzima kwaye enabemi boMhlaba. Wazalwa ngo-1872 kwintsapho abalobi. Nakuba kwiminyaka yakhe yokuqala ezandleni lwabaphandi elizayo ndafumana incwadi amangalisayo J. Franklin -. Explorer ezibanda. URoald Amundsen yazala nengcamango yokuba nguvulindlela, elungiselela umntwana afumane mingeni ezizayo. Walala iifestile nokuba abandayo eziqatha, waba nabalulamileyo kakhulu ukutya kwaye baqeqeshwe rhoqo umzimba wakhe. Unina wayefuna ukuba Roald wazinikela amayeza. Wafunda ngokuthembeka iincwadi ezifundweni. Kwaoko ke, emveni kokufa kwakhe Amundsen amanqaku iincwadi waza waqalisa uzilungiselela ukuhamba polar.

uhambo lokuqala

Kwinqanawa yakhe yokuqala Roald Amundsen waya engama-22 ubudala. Waqale waba inkwenkwe kwindlu kwibhodi inqanawa yokuloba, hodivshem kwi North Atlantic. Ngowe-1896, okokuqala kunyanzeleka ubusika kunye nabahlobo bakhe ezinezinga eliphezulu. Ubusika ke ngequbuliso kunye okungacetywanga, oomatrose kwanyanzeleka ukuba badle izihlangu yazo ukuze asinde. Emva ukubuya kwakhe, wayeyixabisa ukubaluleka bokulungiselela ngenyameko iimeko ezinzima. Kamva, Amundsen wakwazi ukuba bapase iimviwo ebalulekileyo wafumana umphathi yakhe elwandle.

"Joa" waba ngomkhombe schooner yakhe nqanawa mhambi kuqala. Ekubeni crew encinane Amundsen abeyambethe ukusuka eGreenland, Alaska, evula Passage. Le ukulungiselela kakhulu iimeko bamfimfithe kwi ezinezinga polar amvumele liqalelayo izinto ezintsha, phakathi kwabo South Pole.

uhambo

Ngowe-1910, ngenkxaso omkhulu Nansen R. Amundsen elungiselela lokuya Antarctica. Ukulungiselela le njongo, yena waqesha yi umkhombe "Fram", apho bekumele kumhlaba abahambi Antarctica. walungisa ngononophelo hambo, ebandakanya abantu abahlanu, izinja 52 kunye nempahla ezine, siqhubeka uhambo. October 19, 1911 abahambi lawela Ross kwishelfu waza wangena nzulu kwilizwekazi aqumbe.

Ekuqaleni, lo umkhankaso yaba ixesha elide entlango ebanzi aqumbe. Emva kokuwela ukufana 85 selwnziwe itshintshile - indlela yavalwa namawa eliphezulu ngumkhenkce. Xa unyawo nasemiqhokrweni yeengxondorha abahambi kumisa wayeyifihla encinane kwezixa ukutya. amalungiselelo Phumla Amundsen wathabatha naye, ukubala ukuba kwipali uMzantsi ngokwezelizwe ngaphakathi ethu, kwaye indlela eya kuyo yaye emva kufuneka athathe kungekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-60.

Ngu phakathi bahambi elithi ecwangcisiweyo bafikelela glacier enkulu, ogama lakhe behlonipha Axel Heiberg - abaxhasi hambo, Amundsen yakholwa ekoyiseni yaye eninzi imali yokuhlawula iindleko. Kamva kwikhadi zaprintwa amagama abanye abantu, abahlobo nezalamane. Ngaloo kwabonakala kwimephu ye Antarctica Glacier Liv, ogama emva kokuba intombi F. Nansen.

aye khona

Phakathi ku-zasehlotyeni abahambi bafika ethubeni, leyo zange watyelela okwangoku, akukho hambo polar. Esiphelweni kwilizwekazi abandayo, vula Shackleton, hayi onokulufikelela ngokwezelizwe iimpawu kwipali yonke km 180. Emva kokuphumelela umlenze yokugqibela uhambo, hambo bafika kwinqanaba asebenze awela onke esiqu boMhlaba. Name nabani na wafika kuqala South Pole, qhubeka edityaniswe ngonaphakade kwilizwekazi abandayo esemazantsi. It uRoald Amundsen, Oscar Wisting, Sverre Hassel, Helmer Hansen kunye uOlaf Byaland.

bokuhlala kwabo njengabaphambukeli kwindawo yomzantsi abahambi komhlaba zakohlwaywa ibhiyozelwa iflegi Norwegian kunye pennant kunye inqanawa "Fram". Hayi kude intente olwalubekwe iflegi ezimisa Amundsen umyalezo wakhe umdlali yakhe - Scott. Ukulungisa nokuhlala kwabo eSouth Pole, kwiphulo yabuyela.

Lonke hambo lwathabatha iintsuku 99. Abo wafika kuqala South Pole, kokukhona ndiziphendulela ngomxhelo owonwabileyo kubulisa kuqala inqanawa "Fram", yaye emva koko - kwidolophu encinane Hobard elise Tasmania. Ukusuka apho, kwavakala kumaphephandaba zehlabathi, nto leyo kwindawo yomzantsi Leyiseka ilizwe. Kodwa uhambo URoald Amundsen engazange ayeke ...