Njani imasisi abadala?

Imasisi intsholongwane - omnye kakhulu yingozi. Owona mbuzo impendulo apho ufuna ukwazi ukuzikhusela ngokwabo ukususela ekusulelekeni - ezifana yimasisi ukwanda? Le ntsholongwane uhlala kuphela kwiiseli ze umzimba womntu, kwaye ngaphandle 'carrier ", ngoko nangoko batshatyalaliswe. Kodwa kunjalo, intsholongwane osahlala emhlabeni, ekubeni imasisi sisasazwa ukudibana kunye nomoya. Ngoko ke, ababonakalayo kwilali ethile, ngoko nangoko ofumana isikali ngulo bhubhane, ukuba athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo - yedwa.

intsholongwane yemasisi

Imasisi sisifo - inzalelwane paramyxoviruses kunye RNA. Njani imasisi? Usuleleko engena umzimba buthathaka, xa umguli kunye masisi kokusingqongileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Ke intsholongwane engena umntu uxakaxa sempilweni. Kwaye ke usuleleko yi-100% umlinganiswa. Isigulane kufuneka bodwa iintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba angawokubhuda.

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala XX, wafa yimasisi imiphumo abantwana abaninzi ehlabathini lonke. Kubazali banamhlanje imasisi ezinobungozi kubonakala ugonyo njengoko yande "yenza kube nzima ukuba" amaxesha USSR uyagula nesi sifo isizukulwana. Kodwa abo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo khange zigonywe kufanele kube lula ukuba bazikhusele le ntsholongwane.

Pathogenesis

Xa le ntsholongwane sele eyangena egazini, kubhaliwe phantse onke amalungu - emzimbeni kwemiphunga, tonsils, kwisiqwenga zesisu. Kodwa uninzi zonke kuchaphazela imithambo yegazi. Yabangxamayo njalo aqala nemihlathi, yiya ezulwini Nentloko enesihlwitha yohambayo, ngoko umzimba uphela.

Irhashalala - na pathognomonic, leyo ebonisa imasisi. Ngokuthe ngcembe ukuphuhlisa lingene arhabaxa. Ukuba ngeli xesha ukungena globulin sifo omzimba, uya kubabulala inani elincinane kwamagciwane. Kuthintelo lwe lesitofu immunoglobulin 3 mm, kodwa iimeko eshushu ekwanti yimasisi olukrokrelwayo yabantu.

Ithuba elisuke - ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10. kunqabile kakhulu lenyuka 17. Isifo runs ngamanyathelo 3:

• ixesha Catarrhal. Isigulana umntu nangecesina, a khohlo uqala wayevele.
• ixesha angawokubhuda. Iintsuku ezi-3 okanye 5 yabangxamayo iqala Bielsko Filatov-Koplik. Amabala afumaneka phezu kobuso, ngoko ngokucotha 'umfanekiso' umzimba uphela. Ubude lukarhulumente enjalo - malunga 9 iintsuku.
• ixesha ukululama. Ngeli xesha, oko kwandisa lidiniwe kunye ukuhla ukungawi a omzimba elibuthathaka ngayo iintsholongwane. Nokuphela sifo solusu enamaxolo irhashalala ungasuki kwaye lobushushu uvikivwa.

Kodwa xa umntu uyayazi indlela yokudlulisela imasisi, oko kungaba asabela ngexesha. Oko kukuthi, zodwa, akavumeli ukosulela abanye.
Oogqirha umahluko phakathi inobulali, aphakathi kunye kakhulu. Noko ke, abo baya seroprevention ukuba uyagula, ngoko mitigirovannoy imasisi (yingozi kakhulu).

symptomatology

Iimpawu ekuqaleni zifana gqitha nomkhuhlane. ukunxila jikelele, ngenxa apho umntu uziva ebuthathaka, ijika uqala a umkhuhlane, ukhohlokhohlo kunye nomkhuhlane. Xa lobushushu emzimbeni imasisi liphezulu kakhulu; ngokuba abantwana-38 - 40, abadala ngasentla 40 Kodwa abantu iintsuku ezi-5 sele olitshizayo, kwaye ukwazi ukwenza uxilongo.

Kuba abadala linophawu kwezinye izinto:

• conjunctivitis;
• photophobia (umntu uba uvakalelo ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo);
• enentloko engapheliyo;
• ukukhohlela kakhulu;
• nokuthimliswa;
• Imasisi enanthema (amatshatshazi inkalakahla ethambileyo);
• wamathumbu kwekhono;

Ngaphezu koko, xa amaqondo obushushu ephezulu kakhulu tremens kunokwenzeka. Ingakumbi amadoda, ekubeni abafazi zikholisa bubushushu ikhutshelwe lula ngakumbi. Oko ebonakalisiwe yimasisi. Iimpawu ezifana ezidluliselwa, aphathwe kunye nezokhukhusela lwemasisi - iinkcukacha luncedo kakhulu ukuba umntu. Ke kaloku, malunga nesiqingatha zonke iimeko isifo - abantu abadala abosulelekileyo.

Idla ngohlobo yokumpompoza bucinyiwe, nesifo ifom ukopha hypertoxic. Zicinywe (mitigirovannaya) ifomu kwenzeka lula. Xa waphawula endleni ukopha kunye nomchamo kunye negazi, ukopha ezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba umntu onjalo ukopha nangoko asiwe esibhedlele.

Xa uhlobo hypertoxic esi sifo kakhulu amaninzi ingxaki na meningoencephalitis, kodwa esi sifo kuba siyabulala.

Ngaba imasisi spread?

Njani imasisi? Njengoko ngokunjalo irhashalala, imasisi, ekwabizwa ngokuba 'fly sifo "njengoko intsholongwane kudluliselwa nomoya zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Umntu omdala osebenza nabantwana abangaphumelelanga yimasisi ebuntwaneni, kufuneka agonywe.

Yeyiphi indlela idluliselwa imasisi? Ukuba omnye umntwana egula, bonke ontanga bakhe, zonke ezo abadala ajikelezileyo nabantu abadala ukuba bosulelekile. Le ntsholongwane fanele ezifanele olo didi siyasulela kakhulu - oko ngendlela ekhethekile ukosulela.

Njani na usulelo kubantu abadala?

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba abantu abadala nangoku abazi, yaye usoloko kuthotyelwe imigaqo yococeko, yimasisi ayigcinwa. Kuye kwachazwa nemasisi wadluliselwa - umbane ukuzila. Ukuba akukho okukwazi eyenziwe ngokuchasene nayo, akukho nto ukukhusela. Imasisi sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni, yaye ikhutshelwa iimitha ezininzi ukudlula komoya. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba umntwana othile kwigumbi elandelayo, egula yimasisi, Yathimla inkwenkwe, ngoko ke kusulelo i window ivulekile okanye umoya iwela lula ukuya indlu kunye kuchaphazela.


Wonke owayegulela ecaleni kumntu osulelekileyo ngexesha leentsuku zokuqala, xa sifo kodwa wabonakalaliswa ngokwaso, njengoko bosulelekile.

Imithi ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha ndawana eyi-10. Emva ethetha nomntwana ezosulelekileyo kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho antibodies zentsholongwane. Ke ukuba umzimba yayisele iqalile ukuphelelwa ukukhuselwa, uyacebiswa ukuba zigonywe kwakhona.

Imiphumela yimasisi

Imasisi - sisifo itshabalalisa ingqibelelo iimpahla. Yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ukuba wachukumiseka nemithambo ngenxa usuleleko, ukwahlula ukukhanya kunye negalelo elinzima. yokukhanya yimasisi - ilahleko zegazi, otitis, laryngitis, yombono. Kodwa kukho embi kakhulu.

Xa usulelo ifikelela izitya kwemiphunga aze azitshabalalise, isigulane ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukutsha liphele. Ingakumbi, xa umzimba iyabetheleleka ngenxa bosulelwe iintsholongwane. Amaninzi (hypertoxic okanye isifo ukopha ifomu) ukuba imikhumbi ubuchopho ochaphazelekayo ngakumbi. Kuhlawulwe phantse akukho ithuba. Ekubeni kobuchopho bahluke olubulalayo.

Kuba nemasisi abantwana kunye nabantu abadala

Ngoko ke, nokuba isasazeka njani imasisi abadala? Njengoko kwakunye naluphi na usuleleko zasemoyeni.
Nangaphezu baphathe nemasisi ebuntwaneni. Abantu abadala nzima kakhulu ukuba kukunyamezela usuleleko, iingxaki kakhulu kamva: laryngitis kunye stenosis, iphika, amajelo otitis, meningoencephalitis. irhashalala Papular abadala ngakumbi, iziqalelo badla ukopha (abephathe iingono) kuvela emzimbeni. Ukuba abantwana banyangwa ekhaya, abantu abadala ngoko nangoko esibhedlele.

Ubushushu liphuma omdala ngokufuthi ngentla 40 C kuyingozi ngakumbi xa isifo ingena uhlobo hypertoxic. Kulo mzekelo, umntu inokuba CCC ingxaki. Abadala kunye uhlobo imasisi akunakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba baphathwe ekhaya. iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni kulo mzekelo lugqithe ngaphaya umda. Kodwa ukuba ngosuku lokuqala lwesifo ubize inqwelo ze ube phantsi kweliso oogqirha, isifo uya kukwazi ukuphumelela ngaphandle imiphumo.

nokugonywa abadala

Ukususela ngo-1967, owayesakuba yiSoviet Union waqalisa agonye lwemasisi. Wadala eziphilayo serum academician ka AMS, yeentsholongwane AA Smorodintsev. Kuqhubeka ntoni? Ngenxa beqanda intsholongwane emhlophe yesiqhelo lwahluma, ukuba buthathaka kwaye ingenako ukosulela abanye abantu, oku kukhokelela ekufeni. Nguye kuphela iparameters zangaphandle njenge intsholongwane yokwenene, yaye oko kwanele ukuba umzimba ukuphuhlisa omzimba eziyimfuneko.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba bonke abantu abadala iminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala abo isitofu lwemasisi eneminyaka engama-6 ubudala, oko kufanele ukuba wamiliselwa kwakhona. Ekubeni ukhuseleko kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Zonke eziinzi kufuneka mazigonywe kabini, ukuze imizimba yazo baseka nokhuseleko lwexesha elide. Ithuba elifutshane phakathi ugonyo wabeka - ingabi yinyanga ngaphantsi kwesinye. Abadala zigonywe monovalent okanye sokugonya kathathu.

ingaba isitofu sogonyo ixesha elide?

Lo ngumsebenzi leyo ezifunyenwe emva kokuba sifo inamandla kakhulu kwaye isemthethweni ebomini, ngelixa nokukhuselwa ikroba ngawo lo ababuthathaka le ntsholongwane, iyazikhusela ixesha elifutshane, iminyaka 10-12 kuphela. Ukanti lokugonya, ngokutsho oogqirha, ngaphezu umngcipheko masisi ngokuhlawulelwa langoku. Kwimeko apho umntu akazi, wenza njengoko umntwana zigonywe okanye hayi, yena angenza uhlalutyo - impendulo serological. Uhlalutyo ukuqinisekisa - nokuba yimasisi omzimba okanye hayi. Ekubeni yimasisi ngoku abosulelekileyo ngaphezu abantu abadala, ukuziphatha serological impendulo ayikho ngaphandle indawo wonke.