Nokumelana electrochemical

nokumelana Electrochemical - lelona hlobo luqhelekileyo ukunyhashwa ingqibelelo kobume metal. Akukho mfuneko ubhaptizo inxalenye kungena electrolyte. Idla kwanele ukuba ubhityile umboniso phezu kobuso eziphathekayo.

Electrochemical nokumelana metal lwenzeka ubukhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwezi yobugcisa kunye nendlu ityuwa (potassium chloride kunye sodium). Amaninzi, ezi izinto zisetyenziswa ebusika ngokukhawuleza ukususa ice kunye nekhephu ezitalatweni. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko kusenziwa imiboniso, umonakalo ngaloo isicelo eziluncedo komhlaba kunye nothutho komhlaba.

nokumelana galvanic kwenzeka kumalungu oomatshini, izakhiwo, izixhobo ukuba kwiimeko zomhlaba, umhlaba, amanzi (ulwandle okanye emlanjeni), emoyeni kwi izisombululo injongo zobugcisa, phantsi kwempembelelo yokuqaba, iimveliso ukuphola.

Intshabalalo zingabangela kwemisinga aqhele evela ukuvuza amandla ukusuka wesekethe yombane emhlabeni okanye emanzini, uze emva koko - ukuba ilungu kwesakhiwo. Apho imveliso umva (zesinyithi emhlabeni okanye emanzini), kukho ukutshatyalaliswa izahlulo - umhlwa electrochemical. Amaninzi imisinga uqhuzu akhiwa iindawo apho lihamba zokuhamba (tram, zikaloliwe kaloliwe embaneni). Ngoko ke, uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba 1 ampere ngonyaka iyanyibilika 33.4 kg ilothe, izinc kunye 10.7 kg, 9.1 kg yentsimbi.

Amaninzi ekwaphukeni uphuhliso ibandakanya izinto eziliqela.

nokumelana Electrochemical yinkqubo ethile. Ingxubevange (okanye izinto ezizimeleyo) ulahlekelwa yinxalenye atom ezikhoyo. Bona (i-atom) yatshintshelwa ngohlobo ion kwi isisombululo electrolytic. Kunokuba ezilahlekileyo yamasuntswana metal kuvela electron apho izinto lolawulo ityala embi. Le electrolyte umntu ophethe entle. Ngenxa yoko, nokumelana galvanic yenza isibini galvanic. Le redox asabela kunokumenza inhomogeneity lwesakhiwo eekhemikhali eziphathekayo. mandundu kukwenziwa anodes kunye cathodes ngokwezahlulo kunye deformation esisigxina, kunqongophala kokusebenza ngokufanayo kwi zokwaleka metal films zokuzikhusela.

Qwalasela ukutshatyalaliswa iinxalenye kwaye zibe ekhaya. Oku kufuna izikhonkwane ezintathu, neendebe ezintathu anetyuwa (ngetyuwa, unyityilikiswa emanzini), intwana encinci zinc, copper wire (yokugquma kufuneka isuswe).

Isikhonkwane sokuqala uvikivwa kulo kwitoti kunye umxube ngetyuwa. Ucingo tie yesibini kwaye kufuneka zifakwe isisombululo (kwiglasi yesibini). Isikhonkwane wesithathu uvikivwa kumkhumbi wesithathu. Shiya iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Emva kweli xesha, zonke zontathu iinzipho irusi iya kubhiyozelwa. Noko ke, oko isikhonkwane kurhulumente abanobubi wire, okubhetele - kunye zinc. Lo mahluko lu dityanisiwe iziphiwo ezahlukeneyo metal ukuze inikele electron.

indlela yokutshintsha isakhono isicelo ukukhusela eziphathekayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indlela sinxulumana usambathisa. Le cathode (anode) lisetyenziswa njengendlela yokhuseleko.

Ngoko ke isakhiwo ekhuselweyo behlelelekile (umz, umhlaba) eliphakathi, eqhotyoshelwe ukuya cathode (electrode kakubi ebizwayo) umthombo zombane. Ngoko ke, lo nto iba cathode. Kule medium efanayo iye yabekwa kunye into ezelwe, ukuthimba kwi-anode ukusuka kumthombo wangaphandle. inkqubo bako kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni metal endala oba anode.

Kukho kwakhona ukhuselo uhlobo umbingelelo. Ngokwahlukileyo koku kungasentla, eli ngobuwena inika ukusetyenziswa anode ethile - ze kombisaka. Ekusebenziseni kwayo ekhuthele ngakumbi kunobo isakhiwo akhuselwe, metal. Phantsi stress nokumelana -isijikelezi wenza umsebenzi lo anode (electrode positive), kwaye ukuwa, ikhusela ukophulwa izinto ingqibelelo ezikhuselweyo.