Phagocytosis - le yindlela ephambili amajoni omzimba

Amaninzi kubantu abadala akhuliswa offsuit TV show, sifunda ukuba amajoni omzimba ohlala emathunjini. Yonke into kubalulekile ukuhlamba, bilisa, nidle okulungileyo, Akothusi ukufumanisa ukuba umzimba kunye iintsholongwane yingenelo yaye izinto abanjalo.

Kodwa okukwazi kubalulekile nje kuphela. Ngowe-1908, isazinzulu Russian II Mechnikov wafumana ibhaso le-Nobel ngo amalungu ngokuxelela (nokuzingqina) nokufumaneka ehlabathini jikelele ingakumbi ukubaluleka phagocytosis le yamajoni omzimba.

phagocytosis

Ukhuselo lomzimba wethu kwamagciwane eziyingozi kunye neentsholongwane kwenzeka egazini. Lo mgaqo jikelele yale: kukho amagosa amakishayo iiseli, babona utshaba isibabula isiqu saso, yaye-nokuhlangula kwiiseli ze ithegi ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha nokutshabalalisa.

Phagocytosis - inkqubo wentshabalalo, oko kukuthi, nokufunxwa iiseli zokuphila eziyingozi amasuntswana ezingaphiliyo okanye ezinye izinto kunye iiseli ezikhethekileyo - ziiphagocytes. Kukho iintlobo-5. Kwaye uhlelo kuba malunga ne-3 iiyure kwaye kubandakanya amanyathelo-8.

izigaba phagocytosis

Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha ngaphezulu yintoni na phagocytosis. Le nkqubo ngocwangco kakhulu kwaye ngendlela:

• phagocyte yokuqala saziso impembelelo into kanye uhamba kuwo - eli nyathelo kuthiwa chemotaxis;

• bamthi hlasi loo nto, iseli emaqanda ithotyelwe, eqhotyoshelwe kuyo, okt ibambelela ..;

• ke iqala ukwenza isikhumba sakho - loo ndizayo bangaphandle;

• Ngoku uqala i phagocytosis kanye ngokwalo: le meko iya kuphawulwa nokusekwa pseudopodia emhlabeni into;

• engena ngcembe iseli phagocyte eyingozi ngaphakathi phantsi inwebu phagosome yayo ukuze ndakubumba;

• kwesi sigaba kukho ezo lysosomes kunye phagosomes;

• Ngoku sikwetyise yonke - ukumtshabalalisa;

• Inqanaba lokugqibela le lingaphosela kuphela ukwetyisa ukutya.

Yonke into! Inkqubo bonakalisa ephilayo eziyingozi igqityiwe, yena kubulawa yokusila enzyme phagocyte okanye ngenxa kwaqhuma sokuphefumla. We waphumelela!

Uyadlala bucala, phagocytosis - yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokhuselo yomzimba olilo lokuba abantu kunye nezilwanyana, enyanisweni - ezinomqolo kunye ezingenamqolo.

dramatis personae

Xa phagocytosis akubandakanyi kuphela ziiphagocytes. Nangona ezi seli esebenzayo zisoloko zilungele ukulwa, babeza kuba bungamampunge ngaphandle cytokines. Emva phagocyte, ngoko ukuthetha, uyimfama. Akaphindi umahluko phakathi abahlobo kunye neentshaba, hayi kanye mandithi, nje ungaboni nto.

Cytokines - inkqubo yokhuseleko, kukho uhlobo olusisikhokelo ziiphagocytes. siqonde ukuba "umbono" ngandlel nje egqibeleleyo, bona ngokugqibeleleyo ngubani na lowo. Zizikazi intsholongwane okanye neentsholongwane, bona uncamathelise engcongolweni isiphawuli ngawo, linjengevumba, oko kuya phagocyte.

Eyona cytokines ibalulekileyo - molecule ekuthiwa-zinto transfer. Kunye ziiphagocytes uncedo kuphela wazi apho utshaba, kodwa ukunxibelelana nabanye, ucele uncedo, uvuka leukocytes.

Thuma zigonywe, siqeqesha oko cytokines, nibafundise ukuba baqaphele utshaba entsha.

iintlobo ziiphagocytes

Iiseli ekwaziyo phagocytosis, lahlulwe ngazo ziiphagocytes eziqeqeshiweyo kunye nezo zingaqeqeshwanga zobungcali. Professionals zezi:

• monocytes - iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ukuba igama elithi "izisuli", ezafumana phezu ukukwazi elikhethekileyo ukufunxa (ukuba ndibe ndithi kunjalo, baba imnyama kakhulu);

• macrophage - ababe- ezinkulu pahla iiseli abafileyo okanye ezonakeleyo nokukhuthaza ukuyilwa omzimba;

• neutrophils - kusoloko ngowokuqala ukufika kwindawo usulelo. Ba kakhulu ezininzi, ngokunjalo yokungenelela utshaba, kodwa bona ngokwabo afe ngelo xesha (a uhlobo wempi). Hi ndlela leyi, ubovu - nto neutrophils ufile;

• luvo - zibanga ngamagciwane usebenze wadibana ne-bume,

• iiseli imasti - okhokho cytokines, nkqu sibohla iintsholongwane ezimbi-Igram.