Science ukuba esifunda zomzimba? Human Physiology nezinto ezincane

Physiology - inzululwazi indlela asebenza ngayo amalungu kunye neenkqubo eziphilayo. Science ukuba esifunda zomzimba? Kunayo nayiphi na enye isayensi yezinto eziphilayo, oko ufunda iinkqubo zebhayoloji kwinqanaba aphantsi ukuze achaze indlela yonke ilungu elinye kunye umzimba uphela.

Le mbono "zomzimba"

Njengoko omnye komzimba odumileyo Ernest Starling, amalungu namhlanje - ngaba iyeza zangomso. Physiology Human - inzululwazi imisebenzi mechanical, ngokwasemzimbeni, kunye zengqo- zabantu. It is a inzululwazi, nto leyo isisiseko yesilungu. Njengendlela yokuziqeqesha, oko kunxulumene kwiinkalo ezifana amayeza kunye nezempilo, yaye inika isiseko ukuqonda indlela umzimba womntu wayethimb uxinezeleko, izifo kunye eyahlukahlukeneyo.

ephanda Modern endle amalungu oluntu igalelo ukuvela iindlela ezintsha ukuqinisekisa nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, ukuphuhliswa unyango olutsha. Umgaqo basic, nto leyo isisiseko isifundo amalungu oluntu kukugcina homeostasis ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kweenkqubo esilawula kuwo onke amanqanaba ubume bomntu zabefundisi umsebenzi (iiseli, tissue, amalungu kunye neenkqubo omzimba).

zomzimba zabantu

zomzimba Human ke njengoko inzululwazi ochaphazelekayo kunye isifundo imisebenzi mechanical, ngokwasemzimbeni, kunye zengqo- zabantu kwimpilo entle, amalungu akhe kunye neeseli zenziwe kuyo. Eyona inqanaba amalungu ingqalelo - kwinqanaba esisebenzayo onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Ekugqibeleni, inzululwazi inika ulwazi olunzulu malunga nemisebenzi enzima kumzimba xa uwonke.

Nokwakheka zomzimba ziyajongwa iindawo zophando ezinxulumene, ukufunda owakhiwe ngayo ifomu kunye zomzimba - function. Undincinayo inzululwazi amalungu oluntu? Olu qeqesho eziphilayo sele ndifunde ngendlela umzimba osebenza zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo, uhlola nokuphazamiseka umzimba kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo kunokwenzeka.

Science ukuba esifunda zomzimba? Physiology inika iimpendulo kwimibuzo ngendlela umzimba osebenza ngayo, yintoni eyenzekayo xa umntu azalwe kwaye kuphuhlisa, indlela umzimba wayethimb kwimiqathango ntshikilelo, ezifana nokuzilolonga okanye kakhulu iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kwaye ukutshintsha indlela imisebenzi zomzimba izifo States. Physiology kuchaphazela imisebenzi kuwo onke amanqanaba, ukususela luvo - kwizihlunu yobuchopho - hormone, ukususela iimolekyuli kunye neeseli - ukuya amalungu kunye neenkqubo.

Systems zomzimba womntu

zomzimba womntu inzululwazi ukufunda imisebenzi umzimba womntu. Build iquka iinkqubo eziliqela ezisebenza kunye nokusebenza eqhelekileyo yonke eziphilayo. Ezinye nkqubo ezihambelanayo, aze abe omnye okanye ngaphezulu iimpawu inkqubo banokuba yinxalenye okanye kukhonza kwelinye.

Yaba iinkqubo 10 ezinkulu umzimba:

1) Inkqubo yegazi unoxanduva yokumpompela igazi ngenxa yegazi yegazi. Blood kufuneka tapeworm rhoqo ibingavelisi igesi amafutha kunye namaziko, ulusu kunye kwezihlunu.

2) Eli phecana zesisu unoxanduva ukusebenza ukutya, ngenxa yesisu kwayo kunye nokutshintshwa wayo amandla eziphilayo.

3) Inkqubo okuzala unoxanduva kwenziwe.

4) Le nkqubo yonyango senziwa zonke amadlala engundoqo elijongene imveliso netuwa.

5) Inkqubo Ukwaleka - babizwa ngokuba "isingxobo" ukuba umzimba ukukhusela amalungu zangaphakathi. main ilungu layo, eluswini, ugqunywe inani elikhulu nabenzi boluvo ababanikezelayo adlulisele igalelo oluvo engqondweni.

6) Inkqubo Musculoskeletal: asemzimbeni kunye nezihlunu enoxanduva lwesakhiwo jikelele kunye nokumila komzimba womntu.

7) isixokelelwano sokuphefumla fanekisela impumlo, uqhoqhoqho kunye nemiphunga kwaye inoxanduva uphefumlayo.

8) Le nkqubo wokuchama inceda umzimba balahle inkunkuma okungafunekiyo.

9) luvo: uthungelwano luvo kokuxhuma yobuchopho wonke umzimba. Le nkqubo inoxanduva iimvakalelo womntu: emehlweni, ivumba, incasa, kwebala kunye nokuva.

10) Le nkqubo omzimba ikhusela okanye uzama ukukhusela umzimba kwizigulo nezifo. Ukuba umzimba angena namaqumrhu angaphandle, le nkqubo uqala ukuba ukhuphe izilwa-buhlungu ukuba ukukhusela umzimba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa iindwendwe ezingafunekiyo.

Ngubani na into ekufuneka uyazi zomzimba zabantu?

Isibakala sokuba isayensi ukufunda amalungu oluntu, unokuba isihloko umdla kumagqirha kunye Oogqirha. Ukongezelela amayeza, naye ochaphazelekayo nezinye iinkalo ulwazi. Ezi zomzimba zabantu zibalulekile iingcali imidlalo, efana umqeqeshi kunye umzimba. Ukongeza, ngaphakathi ihlabathi yokusebenza amayeza kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo unyango, ezifana yokuthanjiswa, nto leyo ebaluleke ukwazi isakhiwo umzimba nowenziwa unyango ngempumelelo kakhulu kwaye izisa iingenelo kuphela, hayi kakubi.

Indima ezincinane

Amagciwane badlala indima ephambili indalo. Zenza ukuba kube lula ukuvelisa izinto kunye namandla, ukuba ingasetyenziswa njenge "kwimizi-mveliso" cellular ekuveliseni antibiotics, iienzymes, kunye nokutya, nabo bangenwe abantu (umzekelo, ukutya Ityhefu indlela), izilwanyana kunye nezityalo. khona yabo ixhomekeke ngqo kwi zikwazi ukuqhelana kwimekoephethuphethukayo, ukufumaneka kokutya ukukhanya, kukwabalulekile nomba pH, iindidi ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nabanye abaninzi.

zomzimba ezincinane

Isiseko kwala magciwane kunye nazo zonke ezinye izidalwa eziphilayo emzimbeni kunye kokusingqongileyo (ukutya). Xa isifundo lwamacandelo afana zomzimba ngeentsholongwane, ukutya ludlala indima ebalulekileyo. Le yinkqubo lokwakha iikhemikali esiseleni, nangokutshabalalisa kwinkqubo lemisebenzi ukuze afumane amandla kunye nokwakha izinto eziyimfuneko.

Lokugaya kubandakanya anabolism (ingxenye) kunye catabolism (dissimilation). zomzimba amagciwane Uphanda iinkqubo ukukhula, uphuhliso, amandla, iindlela zokufumana amandla ezi nkqubo kwakunye intsebenziswano yabo kunye nokusingqongileyo.