South phambene Reserve (ifoto)

South phambene Reserve - indawo leyo ixabisa ukutyelela ukuba nabani na ngokukhutheleyo unomdla Russian Federation izinto ezizodwa. Nokuba wenze njalo ke kucetyiswa hayi kuphela iindwendwe ezivela akufuphi laya kude, kodwa abemi belizwe lethu. Kutheni? Eyona nto kukuba ngamanye amaxesha, owazalwa okanye abahlala kufutshane kwindawo eyothusayo, asizange ukufumana ixesha lokuba uqhelane nabo kufutshane.

I-South phambene Reserve kukuba ukuya nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni. ixesha ngasinye kuyo intle yaye ekhethekileyo ngendlela yabo. Ngenye spring nice, ihlobo ekwindla iintsuku apha uyakhululeka phakathi kwemithi kunye nengca, siphefumle umoya omtsha, ukuqokelela, kuxhomekeke kwixesha, iintyatyambo, amaqunube okanye amakhowa. Kodwa ebusika eMzantsi phambene State Nature Reserve iba ube yiparadesi kubathandi Ukuskiya, ukudlala kunwenwa okanye obeyimfama Kubikula enkulu.

Eli nqaku lijonge ukukuxelela malunga kwindawo kwamnandi, ekummandla intsimi lwelizwe lethu. Enyanisweni uMzantsi phambene Reserve eyaziwa njenge ikhefu eyayithandwa abantu balapha. Kodwa iindwendwe ezivela kwamanye amazwe, ngelishwa, akukho ezininzi, kodwa abo nangoku nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba batyelele apha, njenge umthetho, ukuthatha ikhaya labo kuphela iifoto ezimibalabala, kodwa iinkumbulo ezinkulu.

indawo elungileyo

South phambene Reserve, ogama iifoto inokufunyanwa phantse zonke ncwadi, azinikele ubuhle kwilizwe lethu, iindawo kummandla weRiphabliki Bashkortostan (90% kwingingqi Beloretsk) nakummandla eChelyabinsk.

Phela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba Katav-Ivanovo reserve bezithili kunye kwindawo kwama-24 amawaka. Ha, kummandla eChelyabinsk., Imi kwindawo kakhulu weentaba entle le Urals Southern.

Intaba kuyehla, nakumathafa park emvelo

South phambene State Reserve ise kakhulu entsonkothileyo kwaye ngexesha elinye inxalenye liphezulu Urals Southern. Lwamawa Mashakah, Nara Zigalga, kunye Kumardak Yamantau ifomu uluhlu intaba node aphezulu ngamanqaku aphezulu 1639 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. chain Western emelwe apha iincopho akwi kwinkqubo yonke Dry ashushu (Merry, Round, Sall, obambe).

ifomu chain Complex njengoko Ridge Mashakah Yamantau uluhlu.

Imilambo kunye nezixokelelwano zamanzi

I-Reserve yinxalenye yenkqubo umlambo i kwisithili yamanzi. White. Zonke machibi apha kunganxulunyaniswa kudidi imilambo ezincinane, ngokuba ubude yabo ngaphantsi kwe-100 km. Eyona inkulu zithathwa ezincinane nezinkulu Inzer, Tyulmen, Yuryuzan nokugquma.

Ukongeza, kukho 13 nemilambo 10-19 km elide. Inani elipheleleyo ezazikwi- amancinci kunye nemisinga ufikelela lamaqhosha 300 esikhawulezileyo.

Uninzi lwemilambo elibaleka-epheleleyo ebekelwe bucala, kunye izinga eliphezulu kwimodyuli unalo isitya idreyini. Tyulmen. Summer-ekwindla yamanzi ephantsi kwenzeka ngoJuni nango-Oktobha, kodwa lomncedis rhoqo nezikhukhula imvula.

Emkhenkceni umlambo kwi reserve, njengoko umthetho, ekuqalekeni kuNovemba. Yokuvala rhoqo isaqhubeka de elishumi yesibini ka-Aprili.

Kodwa mali incinci amanzi ilungiswe Agasti.

History of nokudalwa reserve

De malunga phakathi kwenkulungwane XVIII. indawo apho namhlanje eMzantsi phambene Reserve, kucingwa ukuba kakubi kuphuhliswa.

Ngokomzekelo, ejonge incwadi kwimbali ngingqi, ungabona ukuba 1795 zakhiwa kwiilali ezincinane ezintathu kuphela apho - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo kunye Ilmyashevo.

Abantu apha XVIII-XIX Art. ikakhulu bakhohlisa abelusi semi-ephila, maxa wambi apiculture. Phela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuza kuthi ga kwi reserve walondoloza umthi imithi holoholo.

Ekhulwini XVIII. Yaqala ekuthiwa-Inqanaba intaba-mveliso ye yophuhliso Urals Southern: izityalo yentsimbi-lokunyibilikisa ziye zakhiwa ekunene phezu komda reserve. Waqala elikhulu-isikali, maxa wambi ngokungakhathali, nokuloga ke nokumbulala. Ukwakhiwa Le emlilweni zamalahle kufuna isixa esikhulu lwezibonelelo. Ukongeza, uphuhliso yesinyithi nsimbi lwaqhutywa kwi reserve.

Ngowe-1924, ngethamsanqa kokusingqongileyo, izityalo wathintelwa, ngoko ivaliwe, kunye nophuhliso Ibingeloshishini wehlathi.

Flora of South phambene Reserve

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kuloo mmandla epakini yendalo iintlobo 698 zezityalo ephakamileyo, 121 iimbono amakhowa, ezininzi moss, ulele umhlaba, ulele.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi lwazo ezidweliswe kwi-Red kwiNcwadi ka-Russia, kunye neentlobo 57 zezinto bokwenyaniso neminyaka edlulileyo zejoloji.

Itheko kwi reserve 90% yendawo igqunyiweyo, iintlobo eziphambili zomthi sapling (iintlobo-4) kunye nemithi avuthulukayo (iintlobo-10).

32% yendawo egciniweyo kuhlala nespruce-fir amahlathi coniferous, apho ngokukhethekileyo fir eqhelekileyo kunye nespruce laseSiberia. amahlathi Coniferous bayazibhijabhija, njengoko umthetho, iScots nompleyini kwaye ibekwe emazantsi myezo, ngabo, ngelishwa, ubunzima kakhulu ngenxa ukungena mthethweni.

Afumaneka reserve kunye kwimiboniso ezincinane ngakumbi ubukho bezinto alder hina, Linden serdtselistnoy, oki IsiNgesi, maple, ezinde anoboya jiko, willow ezahlukeneyo, intaka cherry.

South phambene Reserve. Izilwanyana neentaka

I-Reserve likhaya leentlobo 50 ezanyisayo, 260 - ezinomqolo, 20 - intlanzi, 189 -ptits, kunye neentlobo-5 ezirhubuluzayo eziphila.

Le zezilwanyana mammalian becala zimelwe abemi ehlathini, kodwa kukho iintlobo ezimbini zona - lo ngoboya yaseMelika kunye muskrat.

Ungulates elk ingakumbi eqhelekileyo. Inani yezi zilwanyana kuba abantu 400-700 kuphela, nto leyo njengoko oko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala.

Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha, behamba ecaleni kweendlela kunye ihlathi ingca, unako kwakhona ukuza lonke nezamaxhamakazi, yasendle. Njalo reserve South phambene ohlala iintlobo 13 ezincancisayo karhataka, kuquka brown bhere, imihlathi, ingcuka, impungutye, ingqawa, marten, weasel, ermine kunye nabanye.

Kukho kwakhona baphelela kwiriphabliki otter umlambo. abemi Eqhelekileyo yaye eqhelekileyo ye-Natural Park nga zizakujongwa njengo nembila kunye nomvundla.

Phakathi kwintsimi reserve likhaya leentlobo 19 kweempuku, apho lo nomatse ixhaphakileyo, chipmunk, beaver, iimpuku kunye voles. Uhlobo ezinqabileyo kakhulu - oku mhlawumbi nomatse eziphaphazelayo. Izinambuzane thaca apha uhlobo ezisibhozo, eyona rhoqo European lokhwalimanzi kwaye igala, shrew, kunye nabanye.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kanye iintlobo 189 iintaka bahlala kulo myezo. Hi ndlela leyi, 11 kubo kudala kuluhlu njengoko ezisengozini kwilizwe lethu: ngokhetshe, nengwamza omnyama, eagle yegolide, irhanisi Red-, inyoka njengexhalanga, mkhulu eagle nezirhwexu, ukhozi emhlophe-ezinomsila, njengexhalanga, nesangxa, Oystercatcher, shrike.

Le ntaka zezilwanyana ibandakanya ikakhulu yeentaka ehlathini, icula eziqheleke kakhulu capercaillie.

Yintoni indima ekukhuseleni nature reserve

Lo mbuzo kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, ngoko ke kufanelekile ukuba unike impendulo eneenkcukacha. Yintoni imfuneko le ndawo, ukuba ikhona, Kakade ke, apho?

yonke Ingongoma kukuba i-South-phambene reserve Russian zendalo yasekwa ukuze kwizakhiwo ezikhethekileyo endalo Urals Southern igcinwe zendalo uhlobo yayo, original. Oku kuceba nespruce-fir amahlathi ingakumbi yinyaniso. iintlobo Rare enezityalo zasekuhlaleni, izilwanyana, imigxobhozo zendalo, kwizityalo wasezintabeni - zonke ekufuneka Bagciniwe izizukulwana zexesha elizayo kunye ezilungileyo zelizwe lethu.

anika umdla

Ukuthetha ngale park emvelo, singasathethi ezimbalwa iinkcukacha ezininzi umdla.

Umzekelo, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyazi kude ukuba ubude reserve bungama km 270. Le ndawo likhulu ngokwenene, nkqu Russian Federation isikali.

Inxalenye ntshona reserve - kodonga lasekunene lomlambo. Yamashta, p. Tyulmen namathambeka esempuma ezintabeni ekuthiwa-owomileyo. ndawo Northern kwakhona ingqamana umda kwiriphabliki, apho malunga ne-40 km.

Ebekelwe bucala ibekwe ingxenye ephakeme ezi Urals esemazantsi. Apha, kwi nommandla wayo, ababekhe ezisekelwe zokuhlala ezikhethekileyo abantu zinganakwa yaye inkampu ndivalelwe ngenxa baseJamani.