AmaSerbia aseLusia apho ahlala khona? USerbia Serbs (umanyano wezizwe)

AmaSerbia aseLusia yiqela elincinane kunazo zonke ezivela kulo, eziquka iqela lamaSlavic. Kwaye ngelo xesha unyana othe ngqo woluhlobo lwabantu baseYurophu - amaSlav asePolbia, kunye namaSerbia, iiCroats kunye namanye amaSlav ahlala kwiiBalkan namhlanje. Kodwa umvelaphi oqhelekileyo wamaSerbia kunye nabazalwana babo baseLusatian unokuphela kuphela ukuhlalutya nge-DNA. Kutheni ezi ntlanga zihluke kakhulu namhlanje? Kwaye kutheni amaSerbia aseLusatian, iifoto zabo zingabonakali ukwahlula okunzulu kwimimandla yaseJamani, banenkxalabo malunga nolwazi lwabo lwesizwe? Oku kuya kuxutyushwa kule nqaku.

AmaSlavic asePoland - ama-ethnos endala aseSlavic

I-Polabian Slavs yayinelizwe labo, eyasungula ukusebenzisana kwezizwe: iLutice, iBodric neSerbs. Izizwe zoManyano - indlela ehleliweyo yokulungiswa kwamandla aseSlav, abahedeni, ngokuphathelele ngqo kwiinkonzo zonqulo. Ngenxa yezizathu zinjongo, loo ntlangano yamandla ayikwazanga ukumelana namaKristu amaninzi aqhubekayo aseYurophu. Ubungangamsha baseYurophu ababhaptiziweyo abazange bafune ukuba nommelwane onoMbutho weZizwe. Umlando-mlando waseTacit wembhali wabhala malunga neendlela zokulwa nemikhosi yamaSlav, echaza aba bantu ngokucacileyo kumzekelo wobudlelwane besizwe sasePollabsky. Eyokuqala ukudibanisa kwiindawo zaseSlavic zasePolabia kusekhona uCharlemagne. Kodwa abahlali basekuhlaleni banakho ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa komlawuli omkhulu kwi-Middle Ages kunye nokugqibela kude kube ngekhulu le-9 xa umbuso wobudlelwane bezizwe wawa phantsi kokuhlaselwa komkhosi wesinye seenkokheli zoBukumkani baseRoma , uHenry I, owathi ngenxa yezizathu zonqulo akazange afune ukuba namahedeni kuphela, U-Ethnos, owawuyingxenye yenyunyana yamazwe eSlavic, ngenxa yokuba wayegatye ubuKristu kumntu wakhe. Ukuqala kunye noHenry I, bonke abalawuli baseJamani abalandelayo bajoliswe kwiJamani yamaSlav asePolbia. Kwaye kufuneka sibanike umvuzo wabo, benza kakuhle, kuba iiLutichi neBodrichi zaziguqulelwa phantsi kweHenry I, kwaye kuphela amaSerbia agcina ukuthembeka kwabo.

Isimo sokuqala samapolisa sasePollabskaya Serbia

Ngekhulu le-7, ukukhangela kwimihlaba yamaSlav yasePolly, esinye sezizwe zoManyano, kwaphumela ekudalweni kwelizwe lasePollabskaya Serbia, elisezantsi kumazwe aseMpuma eJamani. Ngeli xesha, inxalenye yamaSerbia yafudukela eBalkans ukwenzela ukuba incede umbusi waseByzantium uConstantine Porphyrogenitus ekulweni ne-Avarian Kaganate, leyo eyayimele ingozi nje kuphela kwiByzantium, kodwa nakwiYurophu yonke. AmaSerbs, kunye namaCzech, ahlasela iinqaba zase-Avar kunye no-King of Franks uCharles. Emva koko, abantu baseSerbian abasetyenziselwayo basungula umhlaba owaziwayo namhlanje njengeSerbia kwiBalkans.

Ngenkulungwane ye-10, inkosi yaseSaxon uStephen Ptitselov yaphelisa ukukhokelwa kwePoland yaseSerbia, ithatha umhlaba wayo kwaye iwafaka kwi-Saxon. Ngenxa yoko, eli hlanga, amaSerbia, ahlula.

I-state obradrit-ijabule

Ngekhulu le-11, ngenxa yevuko eliphumelelayo, amaJamani axoshwa emazweni asePolbia, kwaye ilizwe laseSerbia, elibizwa ngokuba yiNtloko ye-Obradrites-Bodricas, yabuyiselwa. Eli lizwe liphinde lwakhiwe yiSerbia Serbs, ilizwe lalo lalingumbane wamandulo owawunokuzithemba kwamandla amakhulu. Ngaphantsi kokulawula kweNkosana iGolshtak, iinqununu zalawula ukuhlanganisa onke amazwe asePolombia, kuquka iMecklenburg, iSchleswick-Holstein kunye nesixeko saseLjubica, kwisiJamani saseLubeck.

IHolstein kwiiSerbia zasePolbsburg yayifana noPrince Vladimir weRusich. Wayeyazi kakuhle ukuba amabango aseJamani athi kumazwe asePolbaba ayekhokelelwa ngokwenkolo, kwaye ngoko ke amandla akhe ayenzelwe ukuba abekho kude kube yintsimbi elandelayo, ngaphandle kokuba amaSerbs, enqulo lwawo lobuhedeni lobuhedeni, ayamkela ubuKristu. U-Holstecht wancenga kubhaptiziwe sele sele e-Czech kwaye wavuma ukubhaptizwa kwamazwe asePolombia. Inkosana inzondelelo yatshala uKatolika phakathi kwezifundo zayo kwaye iphumelele kakhulu kule nto. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amaSerbia asePoland ayengenalo ukuxhatshazwa okhethekileyo kwiChristianism, njengokomzekelo, eNorway okanye eIreland. Oku kubangelwa kukuba inkulu yeziko lonqulo lobuhedeni lobuPolisa - itempile yongxowa-mkhulu uSvetovid, ehlala kwiziqithi eLwandle lwaseBaltic - yachithwa ixesha elide phambi kokubunjwa kobunzima be-obedrites-bodriches ngamaDanes. Ngako oko, yonke into edibanisa amaSerbia kunye neenkcubeko zabo zobuhedeni, kwakukho imasiko kunye nezithethe, eziphindaphindiweyo kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana, ngaphandle kokuqaphela intsingiselo yazo kunye nemvelo.

Ukuqulunqwa kweqela lobuhlanga baseSerbia

Ukuba nelizwe labo, amaSerbia aseLusia (apho abaninzi balapho bahlala khona) babiza omnye umSerbia okanye iSorbs. AmaJamani awabiza ngokuba yiVends. Ngenkulungwane ye-13, nangona ubuKristu, i-Bodrician obedrites yahlulwa yi-Franco-German Crusaders, kwaye amazwe asePolombia ahlukaniswa ngama-margra gries, awayehlala ngabantu baseJamani ngamaqela amagosa kunye nabafundisi. Oku kuziphatha kwabaseJamani abachasayo bachazwa ngolu hlobo lokuba ukuthathwa kweYerusalem, njengenjongo yemikhosi, kubalulekile ngaphandle koPapa kunye nabahlobo bakhe abasondeleyo. Iinqununu zamaKreseli ngokwazo, kungengowesizukulwane saseNtaliyane, zazinqwenela ukwandisa impahla yazo phantsi komnqamlezo . Kwaye iinqwelo zaso zazifuna ukuphanga i-fortune yazo kwamanye amazwe, angenamandla anamandla amabutho.

Emva kokugqitywa kweqonga le-obedrit-bodric, amaSerbia aseLusatian agqiba ukuhlala eLuzhitsa, eyanikela igama la ma ethnos. KwamaSerbia aseLusia, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga, ngabaSerbs abahlala eYurophu ephakathi kwe-Balkan resettlement, bahlala kumazwe namhlanje kwiNyakatho yeBavaria nasezantsi yeSaxony.

Ngo-1076, phantsi kwesivumelwano soxolo kunye neCzech Republic, uHenry IV wanikela insimu yakhe, eyakhiwa yiSerbia Serbs, apho i-Saxon knights kunye nabasimili bayo bahlala khona. Hlalani i-luzhichans phantsi kolawulo lwaseCzech ulungiselele phambili i-vector yentuthuko yabo ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunamaSerbs aseBalkan. I-Czechs, njengabantu baseLusitania, abantu baseSlavic, abasenjenjalo ukuzenza njengamazwe aseLusatian, kodwa bawamkela njengesipho sokuxolo kunye namaJamani. Ngaloo nto, akumangalisi ukuba amaLusiki ayamkela ukuvakaliswa kwiCzech Republic njengentsikelelo, ngoko ke ukutshintshiselana kwamasiko okwenzekayo phakathi kwababini abantu. I-Czechs yabhaptiza i-luzhichans kwi-Katolika, i-luzhichans eyamkelwe kwiiCzech zizinto ezininzi zeengubo zelizwe kunye nezolimo, ikakhulukazi isobho seenyama kunye namaqanda abilisiwe. Iimpembelelo zamaCzech nazo zathintela ulwimi. Ngako oko, ulwimi lwaseLusta lwangoku luyiqela leNtshona West. Ngelo xesha, ulwimi lwasekuqaleni lwe-Polabian Serbs, iSlavic-Serbian, luseklasini yolwimi lwaseMzantsi Afrika langoku.

Iimpembelelo zeHabsburgs kunye nomtshato omtsha wokuJamani

Ubudlelwane phakathi kweRiphabhlikhi yaseCzech neJamani buye lwaguquka ngokukhawuleza emva kokufika kwendlu yobukhokheli baseHabsburg, eyaba negalelo ekuhlaleni kweendawo zaseCzech ezihlala ngamaSerbia aseSweden (apho amaJamani ahlala khona), isidima saseJamani. AmaJamani ahambela emazweni amasha ngokuzithandela, ngenxa yokuba zanikelwa ngokubanzi. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo weCzech Republic waphinde waphinda wavuselela iJamani lamaLusitania, okwakunzima kakhulu ukugcina ubungqina babo. Ukuze ufumane indawo enenzuzo kuluntu, amaPerbia asePoland ayekushiya uluntu kwaye adibanise ngokupheleleyo nabantu baseJamani.

ULusatia njengenxalenye yamazwe aseJamani

Ngekhulu le-17 leminyaka uLustia wathuthela eSaxony. Amakhosi alesi sizwe ayenamathelisi aqinileyo a-absolutism, aziqhathanisa namakhosi amakhulu kunye nama-autocrats aseYurophu. Nangona emva kokuzaliseka kwemibutho yaseBrithani neyesiFrentshi, i-German ithi, kwaye ngokukhethekileyo iSaxony, ithe yahlala ithembekile kwizithethe zeklasi zobugcisa.

Iimeko azizange zitshintshe emva kokubunjwa koBukumkani baseJamani ngo-1871. Amazwe aseJamani ahlangene phantsi kweemvelaphi eziqhelekileyo kunye nobuqiniso besizwe esikhulu saseJamani kuwo onke amazwe aseJamani. Kule ngqiqo, ngokuqinisekileyo, ayizange ifanelane neqela leSlavic labantu, elalikho ngokubakho ukukhumbuza ukuba iJamani ayikho isizwe esinyanisekileyo kumazwe asempuma.

ULusatia kwiGunya laseJamani kunye neRiphablikhi ye-Weimar

Emva kokubambisana kweJamani, inkcubeko yamaSerbia aseLusia ayehla. E-Lusatia, umyalelo wawunqatshelwe ngolwimi lwasekuhlaleni, ukusetyenziswa kokubhala kwabo kumaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni, kwiimpawu zedolophu nakwiindawo zoluntu. Iholide zabantu baseLuzhitsky babonwa njengeentsuku zokusebenza. AmaSerbski asePolbsburg ayephantsi kocalulo lwabasebenzi. Ukuze athole umsebenzi, u-Luzhinin oqhelekileyo wayengenakuphela kuphela xa uthetha isiJamani kwiJamani ecocekileyo ngegama likaSaxon okanye iBavaria. Uninzi lwaseSerbia lwendawo, olwalwimi lwazo lwasekhaya lwaluyintetho, lwathetha isiJamani kunye nesiGrike esingajwayelekile. Ngako oko, uLuzhinin unokuthi wenqatshelwe umsebenzi kuphela ngenxa yentetho enganelisi umqeshi.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Yeyokuqala kunye nokumenyezelwa kweRiphabliki ye-Weimar esekelwe kwimigaqo yedemokhrasi, ngokukrakra ngokwaneleyo, ayizange iphucule imeko apho amaSerbia aseLusatian ayekhona. Iifoto zabantu abahlala eLusatia ngaloo mihla, babonisa ngokucacileyo imiphumo yeenkulungwane zamaJamani. Izibalo zoluntu zaseSerbia zaseSweden zicele ngokuphindaphindiweyo i-League of Nations ukuba zinike abantu babo isimo sabantu abancinane kwisizwe saseJamani, kodwa ezo zicelo azizange zanelisekile. Kubonakala ukuba, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe alufunanga ukuphulukana nokuzimela kwelizwe lamaJamani, kwaye sele sele lihlazisiwe yimbuyekezo yokumiselwa, intlawulo ewela kumahlombe abemi abaqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphepha enye ukuqhuma kweentetho zaseJamani zisahluleka, kwaye ukungabonakali kwabancinci besizwe saseLuzhin ngelo xesha, mhlawumbi kwadlala le ntlanga.

AmaLuziki phantsi kolawulo lwamaNazi

AmaSerbia aseLusia kuphela ngabantu baseSlavic abaye bakwazi ukuphepha ukuhlanjululwa kobuhlanga ngexesha lobukho boBukumkani bamaThathu. Kubonakala ukuba le nto yabangela ukuba amaNazi aseJamani anqwenele kwiinkcazo zemiphakathi yamandulo kunye nendima yobudemon yesizwe saseJamani kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje. AmaNazi ayebheka abantu baseJamani njengenzalo ngqo yeAryans, abantu ababehlala kumazwe aseJamani kumaxesha amandulo. Ukumba kwizembali zaseJamani, izazinzulu zamaNazi zazingakwazi ukufihla okanye ukugqithisa ubukho bemibutho yamaSlav asePolbia, ngoko umatshini we-propaganda wama Gebels waqaphela abantu abahlala kwi-Middle Ages ukuya empuma ye-Elbe, amaJamani. Le nombolo iquka imimandla eya kuthiwa ihlala kwiiSerbia zaseLusatian, apho amaCzech ahlala khona, okwakuboniswa ngamaNazi, ngokungafani nabemi belizwe laseCzech.

Ngokutsho kukaHitler, abahlali baseLusik babengamaJamani abathetha isiVendian, oko kukuthi, ulwimi lwaseLusatian. Ngenxa yeso sizathu i-Polabian Slavs, abangazange bayichase ngokucacileyo igunya leSizwe soLuntu, babenelungelo elilinganayo namaJamani. Ngaphezu koko, amaSerbia aseLusatian, ifoto ifakazela oku, inokugqoka iingubo zabo zesizwe. Kodwa ezi zikhumbuzo zazingabonwa njengeziqheno. Ngoko ke, ngokubanzi, ngexesha le-Reich ekhona, amaLuzhini alahlekelwa ilungelo lokuzibonakalisa ngokobuzwe phantsi koyiko lokunikezelwa kokunyanzeliswa, kwaye abazange bavelise abantwana babo emoyeni kazwelonke.

Serbs Lusbs emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Emva kokungena kwi-Red Army Puddle, ubukhokheli baseSoviet baqaphela amaSerbia aseLusatian njengowomzalwana waseSlavic kunye negalelo kwindlela yokuzikhethela. Ngelo xesha, nangona kukho izikhalazo ezininzi, iiSerbia zaseSerbia zange zinikezelwe ukuzimela kwi-GDR, kodwa zachazwa njengabantu abancinci belizwe elihlala eMpuma Jamani. Ngemisebenzi yakhe, uLev Gumilev wabiza amaSerbia aseLusia njengabantu baseSlavic.

Serbian eLusia namhlanje

Emva kokuhlanganiswa kweJamani ngo-1989, umba wokudala umhlaba ohlukeneyo waseLusatian-waseSerbia kwi-FRG kwakhona waba ngxamnye. Indawo esebenzayo ekuxhaseni amaSlav aseMntla Yurophu yaboniswa nguMongameli we-USSR uMikhail Gorbachev. Kodwa urhulumente weJamani elitsha akazange afune ukunika igunya lobuSebenzi baseLusatian ngokubanzi, ngokusobala ukwesaba ukuwa kwalo phantsi kwe-vector-politics vector vector. Nangona kunjalo, amaSlav asePolbia afumana ilungelo lokufundisa abantwana babo ngolwimi lwabo lwasekhaya, ukusebenzisa ulwimi lwaseLusatian njengegosa ngezizathu zokuhlala kwabo, ukubhiyozela esidlangalaleni iiholide zabo zelizwe kunye nokubonisa ubume babo bobuzwe ngezinye iindlela.

Kodwa iiSerbia zanamhlanje, onqulo lwaso alunamanyeneyo, ukuzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuhlala ixesha eliphantsi kweempembelelo zaseCzech ngexesha leemfazwe zaseHussite zishiye uphawu lwayo kwimbali yale ethnos. Namhlanje, intsimi yamaSerbia aseLusia ihlukaniswe kwiLastia yasezantsi nephezulu. AmaSerbs nganye kule mimandla eneenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo zolwimi kunye nezithethe, kwaye ngokubaluleke kakhulu, i-Upper Lusatia ininzi yamaKatolika, kwaye uLuzhitsa ongaphantsi unguProtestanti ngokupheleleyo.

Ngelo xesha, inani labantu bobabini bomhlaba lichaneka njengamaSlav asePolbia - i-ethnos evelele, eyinxalenye yeqela lamaSlavic leentlanga. Yaye yonke i-luzhichanin ithi ubuzwe bakhe nguSerbia.