Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwiRashiya kunye nehlabathi

Phakathi kokutshintshwa kwezitho ezahlukahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukuba utyando lokuguqulwa komzimba luyinto yesibini kuphela ekutshalweni kwezintso. Ukusebenzisa imisebenzi enjalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekusebenziseni kwenziwa oko kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphuculwa kweendlela zokulondolozwa kwamalungu, ubuchule bokusasaza okubonakalayo, ukuxothwa kwempendulo yokumelana nokuhlanjululwa kwamhlanje ngokuncediswa kwezidakamizwa zanamhlanje. Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwintlupheko yesifo esiyingozi esingapheliyo, isifo senhliziyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwintliziyo, iimeko ezingathintekiyo zentliziyo.

Uvavanyo lokuqala

Intshukumo yokuqala yentliziyo entanyeni yenja yenziwa ngo-1905. Ngelo xesha, iinqanawa zeentliziyo zaxhunyiwe kwiziphelo zethambo lomgca kunye ne- carotid. Kamva, ukutsalwa kwentliziyo kwasetyenziswa kwakhona kwingingqi yesigxina, kwintambo, njalo njalo. Ngowe-1941, iN.P. I-Sinitsyn yenza ukutshintshwa kokuqala kwehlabathi kwintliziyo eyongezelelweyo kwi-frog. Kwaye ngo-1961 indlela yokufakelwa kwe-orthotopic yenziwa. Intliziyo isuswe kwinqanaba le-atria, kwaye intliziyo yomnikeli yaxutywa kwiindonga ze-atrium ezisekhohlo kunye ne-septum ye-annum, emva koko iingcambu ze-aorta yenhliziyo yomncedisi kunye ne-pulmary artery zazixhomekeke kwi-trunk.

Ukuqala ukutsalwa kwentliziyo yekliniki

Ngowe-1964, indoda eyayifa ngenxa yokungena kwe-myocardial, ugqirha wezilwanyana waseMelika ogama linguJames Hardy wanyusa intliziyo yenkomo. Nangona kunjalo, iqumrhu layeka ukusebenza emva kwemizuzu engama-90. Kwaye ngo-1967 omnye ugqirha wenza i-klinikhi yokuqala yokuhlengahlengiswa kwentliziyo (ukutyala ukusuka kumntu ukuya komntu), kodwa isiguli safa emva kweentsuku ezili-17. Emva koko, oogqirha abavela kwiikliniki zangaphandle baqalisa ukuqhuba ngokutsha ngokutsha, kodwa iziphumo zazingenakuneliseka. Ngenxa yoko, ngokukhawuleza ukuguquka kwenhliziyo kwanda kuncinci. Kwakhona kudibaniswe nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha. Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo ephumelele kakhulu kwenziwa kwikliniki kwiYunivesithi yaseStford (USA). Okwangoku, kule nkcubeko nakwezinye iikliniki ezinkulu ziqhubeka zifunda ngokukhawuleza iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokufakelwa kwentliziyo, kuquka ukufuna iindlela zokugcina ukusebenza kwelungu eliye layeka, nokubuyisela umsebenzi walo wokuthengisa. Kukho kuphando kwintsimi yendalo yokudala .

Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo eRashiya

Ngenxa yokurhoxiswa rhoqo kwilizwe lethu de kube ngamashumi asibhozo ekhulwini lokugqibela, ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwakungenakwenziwa. Kodwa emva kokuqulunqwa kwesilwanyana "uCiclosporin" ngo-1980, isilumkiso sokugatya isilwanyana esikhutshwayo, ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kuye kwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiyeza zonyango. Ngoko, ukufakelwa kokuqala okuphumelelayo kwenziwa ngudokotela ogqirha V. Shumakov ngo-1987. Ngoku inzululwazi iye yahamba phambili, kwaye umsebenzi omnandi welo xesha uye waba yindawo evamile. Kungekude kudlulileyo, ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwakudinga ukuba ayeke kwaye adibanise ukujikeleza okubonakalayo, kwaye ngoku yonke inkqubo iqhutyelwa ngentliziyo yokubetha.