UKumkani uDodon. "I-Tale ye-Golden Cockerel", u-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Inendima yembali yoluntu kumsebenzi wabalobi bethu be-18 neyokuqala kwekhulu le-19 kunye nePushkin ngokukhethekileyo. Ingoma yeengoma zomntu, ii-epics kunye neengongoma zithintela ubomi bomntu osasazweni ukususela ekuzalweni kokufa. Kwaye le ndawo yenkondlo yabantu ijikeleze iPushkin ukususela ebuntwaneni. Umlobi wabhala iincwadana zakhe ubuncinane iminyaka engama-20.

Ukuxhamla kwePushkin kunye nezibongo zengqondo

E-Pushkin kwakungekho ukuphindaphinda kwamabali, kungekhona nje ukuzonwabisa kwezigorha ezinothando, kodwa ukuqaliswa kwemiba yoluntu kubo. Umzekelo ungumfundisi onobukratshi kunye nomfama wakhe onobuqili. Bathetha ngeendlela zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha ("iTale of Princess Princess"). Ukususela kwiingcamango zabantu baseAlexandria Pushkin ziyaziwa ngokukodwa ngentetho yeengqungquthela. Eminye, ngaphambili, ibhaliwe ngolwimi olungumntu wokwenene, xa umbongi unjengomdlali wendaba. Eminye, kamva, iindaba ze-Pushkin zibhalwa kwindinyana yokubhala, i-chorea. Yena, kunye nabalandeli, ukulungiswa kweziqhinga, ukuzisa amaqhawe amasha, ukuboleka into ethile kwimbali yamanye amazwe, ukudala iindaba ezintsha zeRashiya, kodwa ukugcina i-flavor yesizwe. Akukho nto enje ngaphezu kwalowo wabhala. Phantse zonke iimbali zabantu abadala bazi kusukela ebuntwaneni, babuyela kubo xa abantwana babo nabazukulwana babo bekhula, kodwa ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi kunokubonisa into efihliweyo emva kwesiqhinga.

Inkoliso yezobuhlungu kakhulu

Kuphi iindaba zeendaba zasePushkin esifumana ezininzi zokufa? Inyaniso yeendaba zikaKumkani uDodon ngamaxesha onke! Umfanekiso wePantasmagoric of death of the empire kwaye ukunyamalala kwendima yabhalwa ngowe-1834. Ekupheleni kweli bali kukho imizimba yezidumbu ezingabikho ukuba zingcwabe. Elinye iqela libaleka phezu kwabo. Ingqungquthela iqulethe isicatshulwa kunye nesifundo kwabasindileyo: musa ukuvumela imfazwe, ingakumbi i-fratricidal.

Ukulahlekelwa kokulawulwa kwimeko

Kumkani onesibindi kunye no-Dodon, wayehlala ehlasele abamelwane bakhe ebusheni bakhe. Akazange azisole nabani na, wenza imfazwe. Ekhulile, umlawuli wayekhathele kwaye wayefuna uxolo. Kodwa kwakukho. Abavakalisi, bebona ubuthathaka bobukhosi, baqala ukumhlasela kumacala onke. Umlawuli omdala wayengazi indlela yokukhusela ilizwe lakhe ekuhlaselweni. Ngoko ke, waphendukela kwintsimi yeenkwenkwezi ngoncedo. Eli nyathelo, njengoko livela emva koko, liye labulawa.

Yimangaliso yeentaka

Ekuqaleni yonke into ibonakala ihamba kakuhle. UKumkani uDodon wamkela njengesipho somgcobo wegolide. Le ntaka ikwazisa nje ukuba enye yeentshaba iphule umda, kodwa, ukujika kwindlela efanelekileyo, ikwazisa ngokubanzi ukuba luphi uhlangothi oluya kuhlaselwa. Ngoko ukumkani wakwazi ukuthumela imikhosi yakhe ngaphandle kwelizwe kwaye angavumeli ukuphanga ebukumkanini bakhe. Wonke umntu ngoku wayesazi ukuba eli lizwe lingeke linyamezele ukunyaniseka kwaye linike ukuhlaziya okufike ngexesha. Uxolo lwaluhamba ngokuthula kwaye luzolile.

Isiphumo esithotyelwe ekupheleni kobomi

Ulutsha olushushu, oluqhutyelwa yizilumko uTsar Dodon, alufundanga nto. Akazange angene kwiintetho zoxolo kunye nabamelwane okanye urhwebo, kodwa wabulala kuphela amabutho angaphandle. Akukho ukuguquka ngenxa yezono zobutsha bombutho abazange bazive. Akazange atshintshe ekuguga, evuyiswa kuyo yonke inkolelo yomkhosi wakhe. Unesilumko kwaye unganamdla, wayekholelwa ukuba wayehlala echanekile nakwiyiphi na imeko. Kuzo zonke iindaba ezifihliweyo, uhlamvu lwakhe aluguquki.

Emva kweeMpawu zoNcedo lukaSage

Xa uKumkani uDodon efumene esesiphelweni sokufa, indoda ehlakaniphile, isusa intaka kwisaka, yanceda i-tsar ukuba ilungise loo meko ngendlela inkosi engazange ichithe ngayo nayiphi na imikhosi kwaye ayizange yenze yonke imizamo yengqondo kule nto. Umlindi we-capital, i-cockerel, uqokelele ngokugqithiseleyo yonke ingcaciso kwaye akazange ayeke ade ade avuke ukumkani aze aphume phambili. Kodwa abemi besixeko esikhulu babesaba kakhulu ukukhala kweentaka zomlingo, kuba emva kwabo kwakukho imfazwe nokufa. UMlawuli, ukuze aphile ngokulala kwaye elele, ejika ukusuka kwicala ukuya kwelinye icala, kwakudingeka ukuqinisekisa abantu. Phantse kubomi belizwe, kwakungadingeki. Kwakufuneka umntu weenkwenkwezi kuphela, i-cockerel yesiprofeto kunye nama-voevods alwa notshaba. Okanye nangaphantsi - i-cockerel kunye nenkosikazi yayo, ngubani na onokunika imiyalelo kubalawuli bezempi. Uthe ukumkani wayehloniphekile, kodwa ngokwenene wayengenanto. Ngoko wachaza ukumkani uDodon. I-Pushkin, elandela isithethe sabantu, ayitshintshi udidi lobukhosi ukuba lube bhetele.

Golden Cockerel

Ukongezelela kwintsimi, ezo iingcamango ezingazange ziyazi kwaye ezihlala ziyimfihlakalo, zimela umgqomo kunye ne-cockerel yegolide, intaka ikhanya, ikhanya kwaye ilanga. Kwienkolelo zakwaSlavic, iingcingo zinoyikekisa imimoya emibi. Baye bahlotshiswe njenge-charm okanye bafaka phezu kwendonga yephahla ngeenjongo ezifanayo. Le ntaka enyanzelisayo, ekugqibeleni yaphoqeleka ukuphindiselela ukufa komninimzi, uKumkani uDodon. I-Golden Cockerel, ebona ukuba inkosi ngokulungileyo ibuyisele ingwenya ngobubi, yahamba esuka kwimozulu yezulu, yaqhawula ukumkani kwisithsaba yaza yahamba yaziwa apho.

Ngubani otshaba likarhulumente

Enyanisweni, imikhosi engekho kwamanye amazwe kunye nabantu babemi ngengozi, oko kukuthi, umtyholi ongenamkhawulo kunye nabantwana bakhe. Emva koko, kwakungenxa yezenzo zikaFaro ebusheni bakhe iimfazwe ezigazini, zazingenakuphela nangayiphi indlela. Kodwa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngokukrakra kumacala onke, umtyholi uphilisile unyaka okanye amabini ngokuthula. Kwaye, ngokukhawuleza, besoyika yonke inkunzi kunye nokujika ngasempuma, iqhude lalikhwaza. Uthe ukumkani wathumela ebukumkanini bumnyama nobumnyama ekukhanyeni okuvela empuma kwintloko yomkhosi wonyana omkhulu. Yaye yonke into yahlalisa. Iintsuku ezisibhozo zadlulayo, kwaye kwakhona ziphendukela empumalanga, ekukhanyeni, i-cockerel yabikezela ingxaki. Ukunceda unyana wakhe endala, inkosi endala ithumela omncinci. Kuthatha ezinye iintsuku ezisibhozo, kwaye kwakhona intlungu - i-cockerel iphinda imemeza, iphendukele empuma. Emva koko uTataon uhola umkhosi wesithathu. Yaye ubona ntoni? Abafileyo bobabini oonyana balwa nabo. Ngelo xesha, intente yavuleka, kwaye ukusuka apho kwafika intombazana enhle-ukukhanya kwamakha busuku, ukubonakala kwayo kwakufanekisela ukuba uKumkani uDodon uza kubhubha. U-Pushkin uqhathanisa intombazana ilanga, kunye noFaro - kunye nentaka yobusuku, kwaye ithetha, iintsuku zakhe zijonge ukutshona kwelanga. Ukumbona, ukumkani wayibala ukufa koonyana bakhe. Wadla kunye naye waza wamthatha waya kwikomkhulu. Indlovukazi yayinamandla phezu kwabo bonke abantu, kwaye wonke umntu wayefuna ukuyithatha: kunye neenkosana ezincinci, ezazilibele ukulwa kunye nokubulawa, kunye nookumkani owayesekhulile, kunye nexhepha abangenalo umdla kubo bafazi. Kwaye xa umlawuli ebulala umcebisi weenkwenkwezi owacelayo intlawulo ethembisiwe, bonke abantu baqhaqhaqhazela: ukumkanikazi omhle akakhanyanga kwaye ilanga, kodwa ukufa ngokwalo.

Ububi buxhomekeke kwi-autocracy. Itshabalaliswa yimikhosi enamandla, kodwa kufuneka ibe njani ebomini? A. I-Pushkin yamema umfundi ukuba afunde isifundo ngokuzimela. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngoko ke, i-couplet yokugqibela ngexesha lokushicilela kwiprogram yokuqala yanyuswa.