Ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka: iziyobisi kunye neengcebiso zegqirha

I-myocardial infarction iyingozi enkulu yobomi buntu. Phantse i-50% yezigulane ziyafa ngaphambi kokuba kufike unyango lwangonyango, kwaye ama-30% abantu abasinda kwisigaba sokuqala bafa ngenxa yeengxaki zesifo. Ngaphambili kwakucatshangelwa ukuba i-infarct yayisifo esichaphazelekayo, ininzi yezigulane zineminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala. Kodwa namhlanje esi sibonakaliso sitshintshile, ngokuphindaphindiweyo i-infarct ifinyelele amaxhoba ayo kwi-30-35 iminyaka. Izibalo eziphazamisayo zibonisa ukuba ukukhuselwa kwe-myocardial infarction kubaluleke kakhulu ngonyaka. Emva koko, ukucacisa umntu ukuba ukuphepha njani ingozi enkulu kunokuba lula kunokumbeka ezinyaweni emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

Ischemic

Isifo seSikemiksi sisifo se-pathological lapho igazi linikezelwa kwi-myocardium liphela okanye lingenakukhubazeka ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yesifo se-coronary disease. Umzimba ophilileyo ugcina ukulinganisela phakathi kwexabiso legazi elingenayo kunye neemfuno ze-myocardium. Ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo yesischemic, lo mgangatho awuqwalaselwa. Intliziyo yesisu ilahlekelwa yi-oxygen, ngenxa yoko, umntu unokuhlaselwa intliziyo okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina kuqala. Infaration yenye yezona zibonakaliso ezinzima kakhulu ze- coronary heart disease (IHD). Ukuthintela ngokukhawuleza kwe-infyoction ye-myocardial kunceda ukuphepha iingxaki nokugcina impilo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Oluthe xaxa ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo

I-infarction yinkangala ye-part of the heart muscle ngenxa yokupheliswa kwegazi. Ukuhamba kwegazi kungavinjelwa iipilisi ze-cholesterol okanye i-thrombus ukusuka kumacandelo egazi lomda. Inkqubo ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingenakuphikiswa. Nangona umntu ekwazi ukugcinwa, akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela isayithi, phantsi kwe-necrosis, ngeli nqanaba iisisundu ze-muscle zitshintshwa ngokuthe tye. Kwixesha elizayo, ulwaphulo luvimbela ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kweesifo senhliziyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-heart muscle ichaphazeleka yi-heart attack (myocardium). Kodwa kunokubakho i-cerebral infarction, isifo somathumbu okanye isifo.

Ngaba i-cerebral infarction i-stroke?

Faka uphawu olulinganayo phakathi kwale migaqo ayilunganga ngokupheleleyo. Isisu - kuphulwa kwegazi kwi-ingqondo kunye nokuphulwa kwemisebenzi yayo, ukulimaza kwiisayithi zenyama. Esi sifo sabizwa ngokuba yi- apoplexy. I-infraction ye-cerebral yiyona kuphela ye-subspecies yale nkqubo, ngaphezu kwe-necrosis, kunokubakho i-cerebral hemorrhage okanye isikhala se-subarachnoid. I-stroke igxile okanye impawu ze-brain neurologic. Nangona umntu unalo ixesha lokuncedisa, ukuphazamiseka kweengxaki zegazi, okubangela ukuba isigulane siphuluke okanye sigcine umzimba wakhe nentetho.

Ukuhlasela kweentliziyo kumadoda

Kubonakala ukuba amadoda anemingcipheko engakumbi ekhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo. Isiqingatha esomeleleyo sabantu sinobudlova, sinomdla wokuncintisana, uhlala unxilongo kwaye ugxininiswe. Ukongezelela, amadoda atshisa kakhulu kwaye atywala kakhulu utywala, amaninzi awo aphelile, kodwa aqhubeke ephila ngokuhlala. Ukungahoywa kwindlela yokuphila enempilo kubangela ukubonakaliswa kwe-atherosclerosis, i-angina kunye ne-arrhythmia. Ngoko ke, ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwindoda kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba umntu akafuni ukunyamekela impilo yakhe, ngoko ke akayi kuphila kwiminyaka yobudala. Ngaphezu koko, iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo emadodeni aqhelekanga. Ukuba kwakungekho ukufa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ukuphuhliswa kwentliziyo yenzeke nangaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwengqondo, kubangele ukukhathazeka okungenakulinganiswa, ukunyamezela, ukuhlanza nokunyamezeleka emva kwe-sternum.

Infarct kwabasetyhini

Ngomncinci, abasetyhini abanako amathuba okuba babe ne-acute myocardial infarction. Oku kungenxa yeziganeko ezivela kwimimandla ye-hormonal emzimbeni wazo. Kwaye, ngaphandle koko, abafazi bahlala bekhokelela ngokubhekiselele kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokuthatha impilo yabo ngokubaluleka.

Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka engama-50, inani lamanani alitshintsha kakhulu. Emva kokuphuma kwimizi, ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo yesifo kwandisa ngokuphawulekayo, ukulwa namabala omntu. Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo yabasetyhini kubaluleke ngokukodwa, njengoko amanani okufa elesi sifo aphezulu kakhulu. Impawu zokuqala zesifo senhliziyo zifana nokukhathala okanye ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, edla ngokukhokelela kwiiphene zonyango. Izigulane ezininzi ngaphambi kokuphuhliswa kweempawu ezibuhlungu ezifubeni azizange zive. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo kubasetyhini kukuphefumula kunye nobunzima bokuphefumula emva kokusebenza okuncinci komzimba ongaphumi nangemva kokuphumla.

Amanyathelo okukhusela. Mayeza

Ekubeni abantu abaneembonakalo zengxinzelelo, i-atherosclerosis, isifo senhliziyo yesichemicic kunye nengcinezelo yegazi ephezulu (uxinzelelo lwe-arterial) yiyona nto inokubakho ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha, ngokokuba oogqirha bahlala bebala ukukhusela izilwanyana zesifo senhliziyo. Izidakamizwa, umzekelo, ukuthintela ukwakheka kwegazi. Ukuqokwa okuqhelekileyo emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane- "Aspirin". I-Acetylsalicylic acid, kwii-pharmacy eli gama libizwa ngokuba liloo nto, lichazwe kwisilinganiso esincinci - 100 mg kanye ngosuku ngemini. "I-Aspirin" inciphisa ubuchule beeseli zegazi ukuba zihlanganiswe (ukuhlutha kwii-clots). Ngenxa yoko, i-microcirculation iphucula kwaye umngcipheko we-thrombosis wehla. Kodwa isichengisi sinemibandela engqinelanayo, eyona nto iphambili ukutyefa, i-hemophilia, izilonda.

Ngokwe-aspirin ezininzi izidakamizwa zenziwe, zisetyenziswe njengeprophylaxis ye-infarction. Ukulungiselela kukhishwe phantsi kwamagama: "Trombo ACC", "Trombogard 100", "Aspirin cardio", "Cardiomagnum".

Umsebenzi obalulekileyo kukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye nemivimbo engemvelaphi yengozi yempembelelo. Kule meko, iziyobisi zithintela iziteshi ze-calcium, ezikhuthaza ukunyuka kwemithambo yegazi. Ukulungiselela ukukhuselwa kwesifo kunye nokuhlasela kwentliziyo kwizigulane ezinegazi eliphezulu zihlala zikhethwe ngabanye. Isistim isatyunjwa ngugqirha oya kwiindawo. Xa kuqeshwe ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala "i-Norvask", "Plandil", "iKadin" kunye nabanye. Ukongeza, ukwamukelwa kwe-beta-blockers kunokumiselwa.

Ukwelapha iprophylaxis ye-infarction iquka iindlela zokunciphisa i-cholesterol. Ngenxa yale njongo, imimiselo imiselwe: "Lipitor", "Krestor", "Vitorin" kunye neminye imithi. Isilwanyana "i-Ovenkor" siyathandwa kakhulu oogqirha. Ikuvumela ukuba usebenze kwinqanaba le-cholesterol, ukuvimbela i-atherosclerosis kwaye unciphise ubukhulu beplates kwiinqanawa. Unyango oluneemimiselo rhoqo lufuna ukuqokwa okhethekileyo, kuba emva kokufumana isiphumo esilindelekileyo isiza kufuneka sithathwe kumaxabiso amancinci rhoqo.

Amanyathelo okuthintela okuphambili. I-Hypodynamia yintshaba # 1

Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo senhliziyo kuyahlula kuba yiprayimari kunye nesibini. Amanyathelo angundoqo aquka unyango lwe-IHD nokulawula i-cholesterol. Oku kungabandakanya ukujongwa komxinano. Akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuphumeza iziphumo eziyimfuneko kuphela ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubalulekile ukuhlaziya indlela yobomi.

Isondlo sesisu senhliziyo ixhomeke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yokusebenza rhoqo. Ukuphila kwindlela yokuphila kungekhona nje kukukhokelela ekutyebeni, kodwa kubangele ukufaka idilesi ye-cholesterol kwiimpahla. Yingakho ukuhamba kwezemidlalo, ukugijima kunye nokudada abagqirha bancomela kwizigulane zabo njengendlela yokukhusela i-infarction. Nanku ukulandelelana kwemithwalo kubalulekile, kwaye kungekhona iirekhodi zemidlalo.

Ngenxa yokuthambekela kwe-atherosclerosis kunye ne-ischemia, akudingekile ukuba ujoyine ukunyusa umzimba kunye nezinye imidlalo zemidlalo. Kwaye kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba nayiphi into eyenziwa ngokomzimba kufuneka ihambisane nokuphefumula komzimba. Kunobungozi ukulibazisa ukukrola nokuxilisa ngexesha lezemidlalo.

Isondlo sokutya

Imidlo eninzi, ukutya ngokutya, izitya ezinamafutha, inyama edibeneyo, i-buns kunye neesekese ezininzi zinokutya kwansuku zonke. Kodwa ukuthintela ukuhlasela kwentliziyo kule ndawo kujoliswe ekutshintshelweni kokutya okunengqiqo. Umntu kufuneka athole inani elifunekayo leeprotheni, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ugweme ukutya okunamafutha ngokukhetha ukutya okunokutya (inkukhu yebele, i-turkey, umvundla). Ekudleni kufuneka kube nenani elikhulu lemifuno neziqhamo. Ukongezelela, ingqwalasela ifakwe kwi-vitamin content of foods. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukujongana nokutya kwakho ukuze ufumane ubuninzi be-microelements kunye namavithamini.

Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo

Kule meko, akusekho mfanekiso okhangayo, kodwa imfuneko yokunciphisa iifomiti zeoli. Ukuthintela i-myocardial infarction, i-stroke kunye nezinye izibonakaliso zezifo ze-ischemic zibandakanya ukulinganiswa kokulinganiswa kwamandla. Inyaniso kukuba izicubu ezinamafutha zinemijelo emininzi yegazi, kwaye oku kwandisa umthwalo kwisisu senhliziyo. Isisindo esithinteleyo sichaphazela ukuzinza kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye nokwandisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela. Konke oku kungenzi umntu onempilo, kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo, kukhokelela ekudakaleni komgangatho wobomi.

Ukulawulwa kobunzima, isalathisi esikhethekileyo yesicatshulwa esimalunga sinconywa. Ukubala, ubunzima bomzimba bohlulwe yesikwere sokuphakama komntu. Xa ufumana isalathisi esingaphezulu kwe-30, udinga ukulungiswa kwesisindo.

Imikhwa emibi

Ukukhutshwa kwemikhwa emibi kunokuqwalaselwa njengenye yezindlela eziphambili zokuthintela i-infarction. Ababhemayo abavumi ukuba i-nicotine iyabangela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, baxela ukuba akukho bungqina obucacileyo kule nto. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuthi ugwayi ubangela ukunciphisa i-lumen yeempahla, kwaye oku kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko ke, ukuthintela ukuhlasela kwentliziyo kubandakanya ukuyeka ukutshaya.

Ngotywala kunzima kakhulu. Enyanisweni, unokubiza abantu abanomdaka abanempilo kuphela kwimeko engalindelekanga, kodwa amancinci amachiza otywala anemiphumo emihle kwimithambo yegazi. Umntu osela iincinci ezimbalwa zewayini elomileyo kwisidlo okanye isidlo sakusihlwa, akafaneki ukuba ne-atherosclerosis. Kodwa ingqondo yethu idinga ukuba "ukuqhutyelwa kwedlo." Kwiinkonzo ezininzi zewayini kunzima ukuyeka, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunokuqalisa. Ngenxa yoko, umntu uba ngumnxila kwaye usweleka kwi-cirrhosis yesibindi. Ngaba uyayifuna?

Uphando rhoqo

Ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka, ngamnye umntu kufuneka afune ukuhlolwa ngonyango. Le mfuneko iyimilinganiselo yokuthintela ingozi yokungabi sisifo senhliziyo kuphela, kodwa nezinye iimeko ezininzi zezilwanyana. Qinisekisa ukuba uquke kwi-ECG ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, uhlalutyo lwe-cholesterol kunye nenqanaba le-glucose egazini.

Ukuzibeka esweni

Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, kubalulekile ukufunda ukulawula iimvakalelo kwiimeko ezixinzeleleyo, ukuphepha ukuxinezeleka nokuhambelana nolawulo. Ikhono lokuzincama ngexesha, njengoko bethetha, "ukungabi nantliziyo" iingxaki, kungekhona ukufihla ukuhlambalaza nokungazihlanganisi ukrakra kubaluleke kakhulu kumntu ocinga ngempilo yakhe. Amava amaninzi adala ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi, okunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kwi-muscle yehliziyo. Ngenxa yoko ingozi yokwanda kwentliziyo.

Ukuthintela kwesiCwangciso

Ukuthintela kwesiqhelo sokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kuyisethi yamanyathelo okujoliswe ekukhuseleni ukuphazamiseka okuphindaphindiweyo kwisigulane. Nangona ukuvuselelwa emva kokuba i-necrosis ekhethekileyo ye-myocardium iphumelele ngempumelelo, kwaye umntu uvakalelwa enempilweni, ukusuka kwimbono yezokwelapha akayi kuba sempilo. Kule ngcamango ukuba izigulane zinzima kunzima ukuzivuma. Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, umntu uya kufuneka athathe isethi ethile yeziyobisi ebomini bakhe bonke. Ukuqiniseka ukuba izigulane zolu lukhuni kakhulu, ziqala ukuphulwa kwishedyuli echanekileyo yokuthatha unyango kwaye ikhuphe ukuphindaphinda kwengxaki.

Iprophylaxis emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo iquka zonke izinto ezikhankanywe ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyamekela ngokwenyama kuya kufuna ulawulo olongezelelweyo ngeengcali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi wokuziqhelanisa uqala ngokuhamba ngokungazinzi ukuhamba ngemizuzu eyi-10. Ukulungiswa kokutya kuqhutywe ngumntu wesondlo ngokubambisana ne-cardiologist yokuphatha. Ukutya akugcini nje kuphela ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha kunye okuthosiweyo, kodwa kunciphisa inani leetyuwa kunye neelwelo.

Ukulungiswa kwentlalo yesigulane kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni okwesibini. Kubalulekile ukuphelisa uxhalabo oluqhubekayo kunye nokwesaba kwe-infarction yesibili, oku kuya kufumaneka ngokuqokwa kwamabhunga. Kubalulekile ukuba isiguli asihlali kwiingxaki zakhe kwaye azama ukuvusa uvelwano kwizihlobo kunye nabahlobo. Kufuneka alwele ukubuyisela umsebenzi kwaye uzame ukuzimela ngokuzimela.

Kancinci, emva kweengcebiso zogqirha, ukuthatha i-antiticoagulants enqununu kunye nama-statins, umntu angabuyela kwisiganeko sokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, iimviwo zokuthintela kuye ngoku kufuneka zibe yongezwa rhoqo.

Uncedo lwamayeza emveli

Iyeza lendabuko alikwazi ukuthatha indawo yokuthatha i-aspirin okanye i-statins, kodwa inokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko, ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol kusetyenziswe ukunyuswa okutywala okhethekileyo, okuquka:

• Isiqingatha sendebe yesikhumba esomileyo somhlaza (omnyama);
• Ingxenye yeglasi yamaqabunga omileyo aomileyo;
• Enye ipod ya pepper ebomvu;
• Iimbalwa ezimbalwa zeengxube zomnatha.

Zonke iinqununu zithelwa ngotywala kwaye zifakwe ebumnyameni kwiiveki ezimbini. Ulwakhiwo lusetyenziselwa ukugaya.

Ukunyuswa okusemandleni kwegxolo ephuma emhlophe emagqabini emhlophe. Isiphumo sawo sifana ne "Aspirin", kodwa ayifaki ngokupheleleyo ukulawulwa kwesi siza.

Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol, ungasiphuza i-decoction ukusuka ekuqokeleleni iirebe kunye nobusi. Ukuqokelela kubandakanya: i-chamomile, i-wort yase-St. John, i-immortelle, i-birch buds. Ukugqithisa isipuni sokuqokelela i-0.5 lititha zamanzi abilayo. I-remedy ishicilelwe ngaphambi kokuthatha iiyure eziliqela.

Gcina imilambo yegazi enempilo kwaye intliziyo iphelele ngaphakathi kwamandla onke. Iingcebiso ezilula ezichazwe kwinqaku ziya kunceda ukuphepha loo ngxaki njengengxaki yokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuthintela, unyango lubaluleke kakhulu kwisigulane, ngoko ungawahoywa. I-infarct ayikho isivakalisi okwamanje. Ngesimo esifanelekileyo emzimbeni wakho, unokuphelisa ngobomi obutyebi nobomi obungapheliyo.