Ukuvuna. Time. oomatshini Agricultural

High yezityalo umgangatho - iphupha nayiphi begadi, ngokuba lonke ixesha ezichithwa ukulinywa kwexesha inkcubeko, abasebenzi, izixhobo kunye nemali. Njani kumnandi lo mzuzu xa isityalo iyayixhasa okulindelwe okanye ukudlula kuzo! Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ixesha lokuvuna, nto leyo ngesityalo ngasinye ngabanye, kuba naliphi ecaleni kuchaphazela ngqo umgangatho iziqhamo.

Xa ukuvuna iitapile?

iitapile Zintanda kwaye phantse zilahleka ... ukuvuna ngexesha elifanelekileyo a izityalo umyezo umisela iqondo yokugcina yayo. In ngaphambi okanye kunyuswe imifuno ukumba ingcambu umgangatho yabo yehla kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ilahleko kwisivuno ebalulekileyo. Oku kungenxa yobukho ezingcakacileyo zomzimba osithelisayo, esibonakala nokungaphuhliseki kunye susceptibility eliphezulu ukuya umonakalo. Xa amatswele zamazambane overripe kuncitshiswa ukumelana nezifo, kwaye kukho ukwehla kwi yorhwebo kunye nomgangatho ukutya.

ixesha lokuvuna itapile kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• obona ophezulu ezikumgangatho (sesiqhelo, phakathi kwexesha);
• ixesha lokutyala: kwentwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni;
• injongo kwezoqoqosho (ukusetyenziswa kwale kota okanye ixesha elide yokugcina).

Dates isivuno amazambane

• End of June - ekuqaleni kuka July. Ucocwe iintlobo okuqala ukuba zityiwe ehlotyeni.
• Ukuqala ngoSeptemba. Ngeli xesha xa evuna iintlobo zivuthwe phakathi kwexesha nasemva kwexesha. Ukucoca kuyacetyiswa kwimozulu eyomileyo, ngokukhethekayo ngexesha elifutshane ukubamba ukuya ekuqaleni yeqabaka ngokusisigxina. It yaphawula ukuba ngexesha wokucoca amaqondo obushushu bomhlaba i ayidluli 3 ° ^C, kukho ingozi yokuba afe 80% yesityalo. Ukuba ixesha lokuvuna ungqamene kuneqabaka ebusuku, phambili phambi ucwangciso, kuyimfuneko ukuba ulinde thawing epheleleyo emhlabeni. Ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba emva kwexesha ukuvuna iitapile kule minyaka xa kukho oncomekayo-ilele umhlaba. Kulo mzekelo, umlo uvikivwa inkcubeko kakhulu ukuya ekupheleni ngembabala kunye nezinye izifo, yaye oku kuchaphazela ubomi umgangatho kunye ukonakala.

Iimpawu, nto leyo ukumisela iitapile emuncu, ngokuxhomekeke ekunene olukhulayo iimeko:

• ulwazi theoretical component iimpawu kunye nexesha ndatyala emaXhoseni zokucoca kubo.
• Yellowing ke ihlamvu wafa yaso yendalo off, yaye emva koko, njengoko umthetho, eyeka ukukhula kunye nohlaza izityalo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ihlobo iitapile iintlobo Sinokuyiphanda up nokuba ezincotsheni Kungenjalo alukapheli ngokupheleleyo. kwangaphambi (iiveki 2-3) acetyiswayo ukuba ingca oko kuya kubangela ukubunjwa uqweqwe ontlakantlaka kwi iingcambu kunye izinto nezondlo angene inxalenye eriyeli ukuya amatswele amazambane ngenxa nokukhawulezisa lokuvuthwa kwamantloko green lokutyala ekuqaleni. Beveled mass eluhlaza iyafuneka ukuze utshiswe, bangcwabe okanye ukunika inxalenye ukuthintela uphuhliso izifo. Kubalulekile ukuba ekuqaleni kwamabala wokuvuna nenkangeleko esempilweni, akwenziwanga kwaba yahlaselwa yonakalise kade.
• ukumba Test. Ukulungele ukuvuna amatswele ubukhulu kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kwe-3 cm, abe Amakhasi zamafu.

Ngakumbi ukulungiselela amazambane ngenxa yokugcina

iitapile ndawonye, ukuvuna oluqhutywa esifike kwaye ngokomgangatho, kufuneka owomileyo - oko kuya kubangela ulusu ogrubevanie. Oku kubonakaliswa ekwenzeni isiko ngaloo kunciphisa post-kokuvuna yokomisa itapile imbabala kade susceptibility amaxesha 9. Xa evuna namazambane nilimé ilizwe malunga neeyure ezi-2 phambi ukuqokelela amatswele, nokuba nguwuphi na, masishiywe sulcus ixesha elide, kungenjalo ke igcwele eshe amaxolo. Ndagqobhoza ke iitapile emanzi mfuneko ukuba yome (ngaphantsi ngumthunzi, xa storages okanye yamasango yethutyana usebenzisa inkqubo yokungena). Amazambane ezomileyo kufuneka ukuba lize kugxothela, kucuthwa iingcambu abagulayo okanye yonakele, ekufuneka tirhisa kwindawo yokuqala. Isithuba kwi efihlakeleyo, kufuneka ukuba enze ngoko nangoko emva kokuvuna, emveni kweentsuku 15-20.

Xa zemveliso yemifuno mveliso ukuba lula zokucoca ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo Potato ovunayo. ubuchule bale wasondela kakhulu phambili - kwinkqubo wokucoca nje Embe iitapile, kodwa kusenje, ukususa kuziqwakanisela ezincinane. Potato ovunayo for neetapile ukuvuna kwimihlaba ukukhanya kunye neziphakathi ashinyeneyo; Ingqokelela iitapile ithatha indawo umonakalo encinci zomatshini kunye nokususwa ngaxeshanye nokungcoliswa tuber.

Ukuqokelelwa iitumato, yemixoxozi, iipepile

• Iitumato. data Mass lokuvuthwa imifuno kwenzeka ngo-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, isivuno kwenziwa ngokucuthwa, njengoko sivuthwa iziqhamo. Xa becwangcisa uthutho okanye ngokubekwa emifuno nokugcinwa ixesha elide waphazamisa ubuntwana eziliqela. Sibekwe wabeka iziqhamo esempilweni (kukhethwa ubukhulu efanayo kunye grade) musa kuwa phantsi kwempembelelo obushushu aphantsi. Beka iitumato ezifunekayo kwiibhokisi nzulu, ngaphandle iziqu ngokwemaleko omnye okanye emibini.
• Cucumber. Qokelela yonke imifuno zakho ozithandayo ku ubunzima lokuvuthwa wayo kufuneka ukuvelisa yonke imihla (kusasa nangokuhlwa), singavumeli umntwana ukuze zikhule. Ngethuba lokuvuna kufuneka ukulawula umgangatho leziqhamo, imeko kwisityalo, ukususa amagqabi onakeleyo zamaqanda.
• Pepper. Lokukhula eliphezulu pha kamnandi kwimimandla ekumzantsi; kwi northern ifuna ukulima zokugcina okanye ubuchule zezolimo ezithile lulungiselelwe ukuba kule mimandla. Pepper - ngokuqhubekayo fruiting ngqokelela isityalo efunekayo ukuze avelise isiqhamo njengoko zikhula. Pepper kufuneka ukhethe ngocoselelo, kungenjalo uyakwazi ngempazamo umonakalo okanye tsala esikhondweni.

Xa ukuvuna ispring ithanga?

• Anyanisi. ukuvunwa Mass zezilimo itswele wenziwe ngo-Agasti. Ukumisela ayikwazi yayo sivuthiwe ngenxa amagqabi yokulalisa, shrinkage zabo, kombala ezikalini zangaphandle kwiintlobo ezithile. Fruits kufuneka ukuqokelela oluchanekileyo; kucetyiswa ukuba lula kwayo zabo, vuthululani emhlabeni. Emva kowomileyo efunekayo emthunzini (iintsuku malunga 3-7) kwaye khetha umgangatho kunye nobukhulu, kufuneka ukuyinqumla amagqabi, eshiya ukuya 3-4 cm.
• Ithanga: ivatala, amathanga, ithanga kunye nevatala. Ukucoca kwenzeka ngoSeptemba, xa ixesha utyani zesityalo liphelile, iziqhamo ungafumani izondlo ukunyakama, kwaye inkoliso yabo yome. Ukumisela ithanga sivuthiwe kunokwenzeka ngokucofa; imveliso isandi oqolileyo liya kuba nomgodi buthuntu. Kwakhona, nesibindi bathi peduncle suberized, lo uqweqwe lukhuni yomlinganiselo ecacileyo kwakheka kwalo. iintlobo kade-emuncu kuvunwe amathanga immature; ke dospeyut ngexesha logcino.

Iminqathe kunye beetroot: wokuvuna

Ukucocwa izityalo iingcambu lwenziwa njengelinge lokugqibela, phambi kokuqala yovalo izinzile. Phantse kuyo yonke imimandla esembindini - kwisiqingatha sesibini ngoSeptemba, kumazantsi - kwisiqingatha sesibini ka-Oktobha. wokucoca efunekayo kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqalisa ilixesha lemvula, kungenjalo kuya kukhokelela ngokuhlaziya isiqhamo. Too ekwindla efudumeleyo beet kwakhona akukhuthazwa ukuba ixesha elide ukugcina egadini, okanye iziqhamo usenokuba stringy kwaye odrevesnet. iimpawu zangaphandle beet lokuvuthwa:

• ubukhulu izityalo Ingcambu bafika ixabiso olifunayo, eboniswe kwi sachet kunye iimbewu;
• wajika mthubi yome amagqabi asezantsi.

begadi abaninzi iminqathe kuvunwa emva iqabaka nkqu nasemva kokuba lipholile, kubalulekile ukuba iphazamisane ezi zityalo iziciko emhlabeni. Iminqathe, wemba ngaphandle bekhephu, ngokutsho ngokuqwalasela, kuya kufuneka ithuba lokwehlisa phantsi phambi engoovimba, ukwandisa kakhulu ixesha layo. Xa imozulu efudumeleyo, susa iikherothi ayikhuthazwa - kuya kuba kubi ngakumbi kwivenkile yemifuno.

Ukwenzela ukuba kulungiselelwe inkqubo yokuvuna imifuno ngobunono kujongele kucetyiswa, xa umzobo vuthululani emhlabeni. Kwamagumbi kufuneka uyeke okanye anqunyuliweyo, eshiya a amadiza-2-intshi. iminqathe Ukugcinwa, beetroot, iseleri, umnqathe, isithombo yanconywa bagi ezincinane ugalelwe-3 cm-inwebu intlabathi ofumileyo okanye nja-. Phambi yokugcina ukuze kuthintelwe izifo iingcambu kufuneka emphosa ngetshokhwe okanye uthuthu.

Ikhaphetshu: ekuqokelelweni nasekugcinweni

iintlobo kade zekhaphetshu kunye iibhedi kufuneka zicocwe phambi kuneqabaka, nama - kude phakathi-Oktobha. Kucetyiswa ukuba sika ikhaphetshu ukushiya kwizikhondo elide kwaye ezinye coverts amagqabi aluhlaza. Gcina imifuno efihlakeleyo kuyacetyiswa phezu kwayo ngomthi okanye kwiibhokisi ngo-2-3 maleko, zibekwe phezulu kwizikhondo. Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba ukugcina ikhaphetshu in iigridi kunye iingxowa zemali ebhatalwa kwi amahaki okanye izibonda. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa umoya olungileyo nokulondoloza yokugcina.

ukuvuna wokudla

Zokucoca ingqolowa yasebusika evela embindini angwevu, anencindi (ukufuma okuziinkozo kwi 20-35%) kuhlanganiswa iindlela ngqo ezahlukeneyo, awutsali ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-10, kungenjalo ilahleko kunokwenzeka unikelo lwengqolowa fraying.

Spring ingqolowa (lo sexesha lokukhula ngayo malunga 90 neentsuku), zikhiwa ekuqaleni kuJulayi kwiindawo emazantsi e-Agasti - kwisiqingatha sesibini ngoSeptemba - in neMpuma Koloni kunye noMntla. Le Ukucocwa wax sivuthiwe yindlela eyahlukileyo, xa ukuvuthwa ngokupheleleyo - ukuvunwa ngqo.

Ukucocwa yengqolowa kamnandi eveliswa yobisi kwisigaba okuziinkozo ukukhula, ukwenzeka uphawu yangaphandle apho sisenziwa phezu zikhabane zangaphandle ilingana kumngcipheko yokomisa. ingqolowa Full, abe umbala omthubi, ezintlwini ayo asondelelene. Xa icinezelwe kwi Ungqabhuko bakhe zeminwe iqokobhe, ukususela ingqolowa ulandela ulwelo emhlophe iMilky. ukuvuna Umbona senziwa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngowe-2-3 iingedosi, njengoko ekukhuleni.