Umehluko phakathi kwe-asteroid kunye ne-meteorite. Ibali malunga nalaba baninzi nabemi abaninzi bendalo

Ngobusuku obufudumele busika kuyamnandi ukuhamba phantsi kwesibhakabhaka esineenkwenkwezi, ukubheka amaqela amnandi kuwo, ukwenza umnqweno emehlweni kwenkwenkwezi ewayo. Okanye ngaba i-comet? Okanye mhlawumbi i-meteorite? Mhlawumbi, phakathi kwothando kunye nabathandayo baninzi abaqhagamshelana neenkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi kunokuba ziindwendwe zeplanethi.

Indawo engaqhelekanga

Imibuzo eqhubekayo xa kucinga ngezinto ezifunekayo kwi-cosmic zidinga iimpendulo, kwaye iziqalo zasezulwini ziyimpawu kunye neengcaciso zenzululwazi. Umzekelo, i-asteroid ihluke njani kwi-meteorite? Akunjalo bonke abafundi (kunye nabantu abadala) bangayiphendula lo mbuzo kanye. Kodwa makhe siqale ngendlela.

Asteroids

Ukuqonda indlela i-asteroid ehluke ngayo kwi-meteorite, kufuneka wenze isigqibo malunga nomxholo "we-asteroid". Eli gama ukusuka kulwimi lwamaGrike lasendulo luguqulelwe ngokuthi "njengeenkwenkwezi," kuba le mizimba yasezulwini, xa ibonwa kwi-telescope, ifana neenkwenkwezi kunokuba iiplanethi. Kuze kube ngo-2006, i-asteroids yayidla ngokuba yieplanethi ezincinci. Kwaye, ngokwenene, ukunyuswa kwama-asteroids ngokubanzi akufani nentshukumo yeplanethi, kuba iyenzeka ngokujikeleza kwelanga. Ukususela kwiiplanethi eziqhelekileyo, ama-asteroids amancinane. Ngokomzekelo, i-Ceres enkulu ye-asteroid ine-770 km kuphela.

Ziziphi abahlali bezithuba zeenkwenkwezi? Uninzi lwe-asteroids luhamba ngokuhamba kunye nemigangatho efundwayo kwiindawo eziphakathi kweJupiter neMars. Kodwa ezinye iiplanethi ezincinci ziwela ngaphaya kwe-Mars (njengoko, umzekelo, i-astroid Icarus) kunye nezinye iiplanethi, ngamanye amaxesha zize zifike kwi-Sun kufuphi ne-Mercury.

IMeteorites

Ngokungafani ne-asteroids, i-meteorites ayinabo abemi bendalo, kodwa abathunywa bayo. Umntu ngamnye wehlabathi uyakwazi ukubona umonakalo ngamaso abo aze awuphathe ngezandla zawo. Kwiimyuziyam kunye neengqokelela ezizimeleyo, inani elikhulu ligcinwa, kodwa kufuneka kuthiwa i-meteorites ibonakala ingathandeki. Uninzi lwawo luyingqunga okanye imnyama yamatye kunye nesinyithi.

Ngoko, sikwazi ukubona indlela i-asteroid ehluke ngayo kwi-meteorite. Kodwa yintoni enokuyihlanganisa? Kukholelwa ukuba i-meteorites iinqununu ze-asteroids ezincinci. Amatye afaka kwi-space adibanisa omnye nomnye, kwaye amaxesha athile afikelela kwindawo yoMhlaba.

I-meteorite edumileyo kwiRashiya yiTunguska, eyawa kwi-taiga ekude kude ngo-Juni 30, 1908. Kwixesha elidlulileyo lwakutshanje, okokuqala ngoFebruwari 2013, i-meteorite yaseChelyabinsk, eneentlobo ezininzi ezifunyenwe kufuphi neLake Chebarkul kwingingqi yaseChelyabinsk, ithathwa ingqalelo.

Ndiyabulela kwimimeteorites, iindwendwe zangaphambili ezivela kwindawo, izazinzulu, kunye nabo bonke abemi bomhlaba, banethuba elihle lokufunda malunga nokubunjwa kwamazimba asezulwini baze bafumane ingcamango yemvelaphi yendalo yonke.

Baxhasi

Amagama athi "meteor" kunye ne "meteorite" avela kwisiqhamo esinye sesiGrisi, esithetha "isezulwini" ekuguquleleni. Siyazi ukuba i-meteorite yintoni, kwaye indlela ehluke ngayo kwimeteor ayinzima ukuyiqonda.

I-meteor ayikho into ekhethekileyo yasezulwini, kodwa isimo sezulu esibonakala ngathi sisibane sokukhanya. Kwenzeka xa iinqununu ze-comets kunye ne-asteroids zitshiswa kwindawo yomhlaba.

I-meteor iyinkwenkwezi ewayo. Kungabonakala kubabukeleyo, buyela kwi-outer space okanye utshise emoyeni eMhlabeni.

Ukuqonda ukuba yiziphi iimetors ezihlukileyo kwi-asteroids kunye ne-meteorites ayinzima. Izinto zokugqibela ezimbini zokubhakabhaka zibonakala ngokukodwa (nakwimeko ye-asteroid), kwaye i-meteor ikhanya ephumela ekutshiseni kwamaqabunga e-cosmic.

IiKomethi

Akumangalisi kangangoko umzimba wasezulwini ukuba umbonisi womhlaba angamthanda, uhlaziwayo. Iifometshi zihluke njani kwi-asteroids kunye ne-meteorites?

Igama elithi "comet" livela kwimvelaphi yesiGrike kwaye liguqulela ngokucacileyo ngokuthi "inwele", "i-shaggy". Ii-Comet zivela kwindawo engaphandle yenkqubo yezilanga, kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, zinomxholo ohlukile kune-asteroids ezenziwe kufuphi ne-Sun.

Ukongezelela kummahluko wokwakheka, kukho ukumahluko ocacileyo kwisakhiwo sala maqumrhu asezulwini. I-Comet, xa isondela kwi-Sun, ngokungafani ne-asteroid, ibonisa igobolondo engummangaliso kuye kunye nomsila onokwenziwa kwegesi kunye nothuli. Izinto ezinqabileyo ze-comet, njengoko zishushu, zikhutshwa ngokukhululeka kwaye zikhuphuke, ziguquke zibe yinto enhle kakhulu ekhanyayo yasezulwini.

Ukongezelela, i-asteroids ihamba ezinkquthanweni, kwaye ukunyakaza kwabo kwithuba elingaphandle kufana nokuhamba okulula kunye nokulinganiswa kweeplanethi eziqhelekileyo. Ngokungafani ne-asteroids, i-comet iyingozi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwayo. I-orbit yayo isondele kakhulu. I-comet ize ifike kufuphi neLanga, ize ihambe kude nayo.

I-comet ihluke kwi-meteorite apho iyahamba. I-meteorite yimbangela yokugqitywa komzimba wasezulwini kunye nomhlaba.

Ihlabathi lamazulu kunye nehlabathi lomhlaba

Kufuneka kuthiwe kabili mnandi ukugcina isibhakabhaka sasebusuku xa abemi bayo bengazi kakuhle kwaye baqondakala kuwe. Kwaye kukuvuyisa ukuthini ukuxelela umntu wakho ngehlabathi leenkwenkwezi kunye neziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kwithuba elingaphandle!

Kwaye akukho mbandela yendlela i-asteroid ehluke ngayo kwi-meteorite, kodwa ekuqaliseni uxhulumano olusondeleyo kunye nokusebenzisana okukhulu phakathi kwehlabathi lehlabathi kunye ne-cosmic ekufuneka lenziwe njengobunxulumano phakathi komntu omnye nomnye.