Ingundoqo yombane. Umbane u ...

Umbane ukuhamba kweengqungquthela ezihamba ngendlela ethile. Unentlawulo ethile. Ngenye indlela, umbane ngumbane oveliswa ngokunyakaza, kunye nokukhanya okubonakala emva kokufumana amandla. Eli thuba lenziwe ngumfundi we-William Gilbert ngo-1600. Xa senza iimvavanyo nge-amber, i-Greek yamandulo iThales yafumanisa ukuba inkokhelo yafunyanwa ngamaminerali. "Amber" ngesiGrike lithetha "i-electron". Ngenxa yoko igama.

Umbane u ...

Ngombulelo kumbane, inkundla yombane idalwe malunga nabaqhubi bamanje okanye amabhunga atyala. Ngaloo nto, kubonakala kunokwenzeka ukusebenza kwezinye iidumbu, nazo zinokuhlawulwa okuthile.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iindleko zilungile kwaye zibi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kukwahlukana komqathango, kodwa ngokwembali ekhoyo, baqhubeka bebhalwa.

Ukuba izidumbu zihlawulwa ngokulinganayo, ziya kugxothwa, kwaye xa zitsalwa - zitsalwa.

Ingundoqo yombane ayikuphela kwendalo yombane. Kukho nendawo yasemagnini. Ngoko ke, kukho ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo.

Ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka kamva, ngo-1729, uStephen Grey wamisa ukuba kukho imizimba enzima kakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukuqhuba umbane wamanje.

Okwangoku, uninzi lwawo wonke, umbane uphathwa yi-thermodynamics. Izakhiwo ze-quantum ze-electromagnetism zifundwa yi-quantum thermodynamics.

Imbali

Akunakwenzeka ukubiza umntu othile ofumene le nto. Emva koko, uphando luyaqhubeka nanamhla, iipropati ezintsha zivela. Kodwa kwisayensi esifundiswa esikolweni, amagama amaninzi abizwa.

Kukholelwa ukuba umntu wokuqala onomdla kumbane wayengumfilosofi uThales, owayehlala kwi-Ancient Greece. Nguye owayegubungula i-ubber kwiboya lakhe waza wabukela izidumbu zaqala ukutsala.

Emva koko u-Aristotle wafunda ama-eels awabetha iintshaba, njengoko kamva baqaphela, ngombane.

Kamva, uPliny wabhala malunga nezakhiwo zombane ze-resin.

Uninzi lwezinto ezithandekayo zidibanisa ugqirha wekosikazi waseNgesi, uWilliam Gilbert.

Phakathi kwekhulu leshumi elinesixhenxe, emva kwegama elithi "umbane" laziwa, u-Otto von Guericke waseBurgemaster wasungula umatshini we-electrostatic.

Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo, uFranklin wadala i-theory ye-phenomenon, echaza ukuba umbane ungumbane okanye umbane ongenamandla.

Ukongeza kubantu abakhankanywe, lo mbuzo uqhagamshelwe ngamagama adumile njenge:

• Pendant;
• Galvani;
• Volt;
• Faraday;
• Maxwell;
• Ampere;
• Lodygin;
• Edison;
• Hertz;
• Thomson;
• Claude.

Ngaphandle kwegalelo labo elingenakuphikelela, inona inzulu kakhulu inzululwazi ehlabathini iqondwa ngokufanelekileyo njengoNicolas Tesla.

Nikola Tesla

Usosayensi wazalwa kwintsapho yomfundisi wase-Serbian Orthodox ensimini yeCroatia yangoku. Kwiminyaka elisithandathu ubudala le nkwenkwe yafumanisa into ebalulekileyo xa yayidlala nekati emnyama: ngokukhawuleza yabuya imbala ngembala ebomvu, eyahamba kunye neentlanzi xa zithinteka. Ngoko le nkwenkwana yafunda okokuqala "umbane". Oku kwazimisela ubomi bakhe bonke kwikamva.

Inzululwazi inemveliso kunye neenzululwazi kwi:

• Ekhoyo okwangoku;
• Ether;
• Ukuhlaziya;
• Inkundla ye-Field;
• I-Radio kunye nangaphezulu.

Abaninzi badibanisa umcimbi, obizwa ngokuba yi- Tunguska meteorite, egama linguNikola Tesla, ecinga ukuba ukuqhuma okukhulu eSiberia kwabangelwa kukuwa komzimba we-cosmic, kodwa ngamava aqhutywe nguosayensi.

Umbane wendalo

Ngesinye isikhathi kwiingqungquthela zesayensi kukho uluvo lokuba umbane awukho kwimvelo. Kodwa le nguqulo yachaswa xa uFranlin emisa umbane wombane.

Kwayimbonge ukuba i-amino acids yaqala ukuhlanganiswa, oko kuthetha ukuba ubomi buvele. Kucaciswe ukuba ukunyakaza, ukuphefumla kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni zivela kwi-nerve impulse engumbane kagesi.

Yonke into eyaziwayo yintlanzi yombane - kunye nezinye iintlobo zikhuselwe ngale ndlela, ngakwesinye icala, kwaye zibethe ixhoba, kwenye.

Isicelo

Umbane uqhagamshelwe ngabavelisi. Izityalo zamandla zenza amandla atshintshwe ngeendlela ezizodwa. Okwangoku kuvela ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamandla angaphakathi okanye omatshini kumandla kagesi. Izikhululo ezivelisa, apho umbane uxhunyiwe okanye unqanyuliwe, kuza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo:

• Umoya;
• Izuba;
• Tidal;
• Izikhululo zamandla kagesi;
• I-athomu ye-atomic kunye nabanye.

Uxhumano lombane namhlanje lwenzeka phantse yonke indawo. Khawucinge nje ubomi obungenaye ngaphandle kwendoda yanamhlanje ayikwazi. Ngomncediso wombane, ukukhanya kuqhutyelwa, ulwazi ludluliselwa ngomnxeba, kwingomathotholo, kumabonakude ... Ngenxa yoko, kukho uthutho olunjalo njenge tram, ii-trolleybuses, izitimela zombane, izitimela zangasese. Kukho nangakumbi ngesibindi ukuvakalisa i-electromobiles.

Ukuba kukho ukuphuma kwamandla endlwini, ngoko umntu uhlala engenazincedo kwimibandela eyahlukeneyo, kuba iifowuni zisebenza kunye noncedo lombane.

Iimfihlakalo ezingaphendulwanga zikaTesla

Iipropati zezinto ziye zafundwa kwimihla yamandulo. Umntu ufunde indlela yokuqhuba umbane usebenzisa imithombo eyahlukeneyo. Oku kubenceda kakhulu ubomi babo. Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha elizayo, abantu banokufumana izinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nombane.

Abanye babo basenokuba badumiwe nguNicola Tesla, kodwa ke bahlelwa okanye bachithwa nguye. Abadlali be-biographer bathi ekupheleni kobomi ubuninzi beengxelo zenzululwazi ezitshisa ngezandla zakhe, eqonda ukuba abantu abayilungele kwaye bazilimaze ngokwabo, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zalo njengesixhobo esinamandla kakhulu.

Kodwa ngokweminye inguqulelo, kukholelwa ukuba ezinye iirekhodi zafunyanwa yiinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zase-US. Umbhubhiso wase-US "u-Eldridge" uyaziwa ngenxa yembali yayo, engakhange nje ibe namandla okungabonakali kuma-radars, kodwa nayo yafuduka kwangoko kwithuba. Kukho ubungqina bovavanyo, emva koko inxalenye yabasebenzi yabatshabalalisa, enye inxalenye yanyamalala, kwaye abo basindileyo baphambuka.

Ngenye indlela, kucacile ukuba zonke iimfihlelo zombane azange zityhilwe. Ngenxa yoko, ukuziphatha komntu kungakulungeli oku.