Umgca ombane in networks zombane

Ungayitshintsha nanini afumaneka kuzo zonke yesebe uhlobo kwe- echo bamaxesha amandulo, ezizezi isihloko, libonisa uhlobo imbali ekuphuhlisweni kwale ndlela. Yaye bambalwa siyazi ukuba omnye okanye ezinye ingqiqo zobugcisa ibe yindlela ende ekubeni, eziyobisi, yaye ekuqaleni lokuzalwa kwakhe sandulele omnye, ngokufuthi kakhulu kunene, lobuchwepheshe inkqubela inyathelo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuva ibinzana elithi "ontlantlu-ntathu ombane" phakathi amagama yombane 'umgca ombane ", okanye" AC ombane "" umphelo "kunye namanye amagama amaninzi kunye elithi" ntshikilelo ".

Ekuqaleni, njenge emzimbeni ixabiso ombane uchazwa umahluko nekhono of endle yombane ukuba ungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kwi intshukumo kwentlawulo zombane ukusuka kwindawo enye ukuya kwenye intsimi. Xa intlawulo ye-eneji endle ukubana lowo uwutshisileyo, Noko ke, ixabiso layo, okanye ngaphezulu ncam, umahluko okunokwenzeka lifinyele ku nothi. Xa wesekethe owona esivalekileyo nokuhamba iindleko zombane iphathwa njenge ombane - ziziphumo intshukumo electron ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye chain. Ukuba akayiphathanga itshintshiwe, kuyimfuneko ukugcina umahluko ombane rhoqo. Njengoko yaziwa, ukugcinwa ngoku kwisekethe "uyazi" umbane. Kuyo kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba ngaba ngoku kwisekethe kuya kuba njalo, ie, ayitshintshi yobukhulu balo nolwalathiso, okanye umahluko, etshintsha ngokwezinye nomthetho. Igama elithi "ombane umgca" yenza ingqiqo kuphela network ye alternating current.

I kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi Electrical Engineering ezifunyenweyo AC ombane wave sine. Ixabiso ombane liphezulu xa kuthiwa oscillation awo wapeua. Kuba lowo isicelo unit olongezelelweyo - F frequency kunye isigaba ψ. Le Ukuxhaphaka ujongwa inani oscillations nganye ixesha yunithi, kwaye isigaba - lixesha lisisiqalo ezifanayo iingongoma lokungcangcazela. Ngoko Ngokwembali, igama elithi "isigaba" wabizwa ngokuba, yaye amandla elayini AC ombane, ukuba yinxalenye yenkqubo izigaba ezininzi - ngokuqhelekileyo ezintathu. network phase-Ezintathu olunye impumelelo zobunjineli bombane kwaye eziluncedo ezininzi kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba sidlule. Kwaye ke ezibalulekileyo kubo - eli lithuba elula kakhulu, enyanisweni, kungekho nawuphi na umzamo ukufumana batshintshana mhlaba otsalayo - umgaqo esisiseko nokusebenza nayiphi motor. Le wesekethe ontlantlu-ntathu ukwahlula phakathi lesigaba kwisigaba ombane, kwaye inkalo yayo ilele ukuba ngasinye kwezi zigaba sele lisisiqalo ngokubhekiselele nabanye izidanga ezimbini +/- 120. Inqanaba generator ombane na engathi mveliso, apho ngokokwakheka ekhankanyiweyo kwisigaba shift. Ngalinye engathi zinemfezeko kunye nesiqalo: N1-K1, K2, H2, H3, K3. Xa inkqubo ontlantlu-ntathu, kukho isigaba ezimbini ezinokwenzeka uqhagamshelo - "nkwenkwezi" yaye "delta".

Xa uqhagamshela kuso i "inkwenkwezi" zonke iziphelo oxhulumene kwi ngenqaku elinye - "esiphelweni 0" kwaye uqale ukukhonza iziphelo yesiphelo yomvelisi kunye isixhobo sokufaka ngokuba unyule bona amandla. Kwinkqubo enjalo, ombane umgca - ixabiso kulinganiswa phakathi iperi output iziphelo H1, H2, H3, kwaye ingabonisa Ulin. Kukho olunye uphawu kwisigaba ezintathu - isigaba ombane. It luchazwa Uf walinganisa phakathi amanqaku "0 output", yaye nayiphi na lo walivala ithende uphela K1, K2 kunye K3. Ekususeni iinkcukacha, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba, ngokusekelwe mzobo phasor ukuba uthungelwano ontlantlu-ntathu, ubudlelwane phakathi kwezi yombane Ulin = Ѵ3 * Uf. Xa uqhagamshela i "unxantathu" iziphelo engathi sinxulumene umsesane: K1-H1-H2-K2-K3-K1-H3. compound 'ekupheleni nganye - qala "na imveliso, yaye apho ombane umgca yahlukile kwisigaba, ngamanye amazwi, Ulin = Uf. Kunika umdla ukuthelekisa phakathi ombane rhoqo Udir kunye ombane namandla awo nokuxuba okungenanto, umz, ngokusekelwe kwi-eneji enye efunyenwe umthwalo. Kulo mzekelo Udir = Ѵ2 * Ua.

Kungenxa yokuba eminyaka sele efaka ulwazi malunga nendalo kunye nohlobo umbane, kunye ingqiqo cwaka ilula "uxinezeleko" ifumene ngokwemiqathango ezinxulumene, siphucula ubuchule bethu ukusebenzisa imvelo ukuze iimfuno zabantu.